【LearnOpenGL学习笔记】——18.立方体贴图

1.立方体贴图？

包含6个2D纹理
用处：将该贴图应用到某个立方体上，并将立方体移动到原点，就能利用立方体的实际位置向量进行采样，可以将顶点的纹理坐标当成位置坐标直接使用

2.立方体贴图创建

unsigned int textureID;
glGenTextures(1, &textureID);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, textureID);

和OpenGL的很多枚举(Enum)一样，它们背后的int值是线性递增的，所以如果我们有一个纹理位置的数组或者vector，我们就可以从GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_POSITIVE_X开始遍历它们，在每个迭代中对枚举值加1，遍历了整个纹理目标

3.反射

（1）基本代码

#include <glad/glad.h>
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
#include <stb_image.h>

#include <glm/glm.hpp>
#include <glm/gtc/matrix_transform.hpp>
#include <glm/gtc/type_ptr.hpp>

#include <LearnOPenGL/shader_m.h>
#include <LearnOPenGL/model.h>
#include <LearnOPenGL/camera.h>

#include <iostream>

void framebuffer_size_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int width, int height);
void mouse_callback(GLFWwindow* window, double xpos, double ypos);
void scroll_callback(GLFWwindow* window, double xoffset, double yoffset);
void processInput(GLFWwindow* window);
unsigned int loadTexture(const char* path);
unsigned int loadCubemap(vector<std::string> faces);

// settings
const unsigned int SCR_WIDTH = 800;
const unsigned int SCR_HEIGHT = 600;

// camera
Camera camera(glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 3.0f));
float lastX = (float)SCR_WIDTH / 2.0;
float lastY = (float)SCR_HEIGHT / 2.0;
bool firstMouse = true;

// timing
float deltaTime = 0.0f;
float lastFrame = 0.0f;

int main() {
   
	glfwInit();
	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);
	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3);
	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);

#ifndef _APPLE_
	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_FORWARD_COMPAT, GL_TRUE);
#endif // !_APPLE_

	GLFWwindow* window = glfwCreateWindow(SCR_WIDTH, SCR_HEIGHT, "LearnOpenGL19", NULL, NULL);
    if (window == NULL)
    {
   
        std::cout << "Failed to create GLFW window" << std::endl;
        glfwTerminate();
        return -1;
    }
    glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
    glfwSetFramebufferSizeCallback(window, framebuffer_size_callback);
    glfwSetCursorPosCallback(window, mouse_callback);
    glfwSetScrollCallback(window, scroll_callback);


    glfwSetInputMode(window, GLFW_CURSOR, GLFW_CURSOR_DISABLED);

    if (!gladLoadGLLoader((GLADloadproc)glfwGetProcAddress))
    {
   
        std::cout << "Failed to initialize GLAD" << std::endl;
        return -1;
    }

    glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);

    Shader shader("cubemap.vs", "cubemap.fs");
    Shader skyboxShader("skybox.vs", "skybox.fs");

    float vertices[] = {
   
    -0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,
     0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,
     0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,
     0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,
    -0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,
    -0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,

    -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
     0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
     0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
     0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,