Matlab实现线性插值、抛物插值、牛顿插值、拉格朗日插值、分段抛物插值、分段线性插值

目录

 

线性插值 

原理

流程图

 代码

 抛物插值

原理

流程图

 代码

 拉格朗日插值

代码

牛顿插值

原理

代码

分段线性插值

代码

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线性插值 

原理

流程图

 单个点的线性插值代码

X=[0.2 0.4];
Y=[21 25];
x=0.7;
x0=X(1)
y0=Y(1);
x1=X(2);
y1=Y(2);


L0=(x-x1)/(x0-x1);
L1=(x-x0)/(x1-x0);
y=y0*L0+y1*L1;

多个点的线性插值代码

time = [1 3 8 12 15 20 24];
tem = [8 9 16 23 22 18 10];
time_i = 1:0.01:24;
tem_i = self_interp1(time,tem,time_i,'linear');
plot(time,tem,'o',time_i,tem_i);

%自己写一个interp1类似功能的接口
%在这个接口中参数x需要从大到小排列，y随意
function [yi]=self_interp1(x,y,xi,method)
% 初始化yi，给它xi对应的列
col_xi = size(xi,2);
yi = zeros(1,col_xi);
% 检测使用的插值方法 这里期望的是'linear'
if strcmp(method,'linear')
    % 找到每个xi在x序列中的位置
    col_x = size(x,2);
    for i = 1:col_xi,
        for j = 1:col_x-1, 
            % 假如需要计算插值公式
            if x(j+1) > xi(i), 
                yi(i) = y(j)+(y(j+1)-y(j))/(x(j+1)-x(j))*(xi(i)-x(j));
                break;
            end
            % 假如插值处的数据已经测得了，就直接把值给它，节约计算资源
            if x(j) == xi(i),
                yi(i) = y(j);
                break;
            end
        end
        % 以上没有把最后一个数据点考虑进去,需要加上
        yi(col_xi) = y(col_x);
    end
else
    error('插值方法请选择(linear)\n');
end
end

 抛物插值

原理

流程图

 代码

X=[0.2 0.4 0.6];
Y=[21 25 23];
x0=X(1);
x1=X(2);
x2=X(3);
y0=Y(1);
y1=Y(2);
y2=Y(3);
x=0.7;

L0=(x-x1)*(x-x2)/(x0-x1)/(x0-x2);
L1=(x-x0)*(x-x2)/(x1-x0)/(x1-x2);
L2=(x-x0)*(x-x1)/(x2-x0)/(x2-x1);

y=y0*L0+y1*L1+y2*L2

 拉格朗日插值

代码

x=[0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8];
y=[21 25 23 20];
yh=lagrange(x,y,0.7)

function yh=lagrange (x,y,xh)
    n = length(x);
    m = length(xh);
    yh = zeros(1,m); 
    c1 = ones(n-1,1);
    c2 = ones(1,m);
    for i=1:n
      xp = x([1:i-1 i+1:n]);
      yh = yh + y(i)*prod((c1*xh-xp'*c2)./(x(i)-xp'*c2));
    end
end

牛顿插值

原理

 

代码

xi=[1 4 9];
yi=[1 2 3];
x=7;
p= Newton_fun(x,xi,yi)


function p= Newton_fun(x,xi,yi)
n=length(xi);
f=zeros(n,n);

% 对差商表第一列赋值
for k=1:n      
    f(k)=yi(k);
end
% 求差商表
for i=2:n       % 差商表从0阶开始；但是矩阵是从1维开始存储！！！！！！
    for k=i:n
        f(k,i)=(f(k,i-1)-f(k-1,i-1))/(xi(k)-xi(k+1-i));  
    end
end
disp('差商表如下：');
disp(f);

%求插值多项式
p=0;          
for k=2:n
    t=1;
    for j=1:k-1
        t=t*(x-xi(j));
        disp(t)
    end
    p=f(k,k)*t+p;
    disp(p)
end
p=f(1,1)+p;

end

分段线性插值

原理

 

代码

x = [1 3 8 12 15 20 24];
y = [8 9 16 23 22 18 10];

yy=fdxx(x,y,7)

function yy=fdxx(x,y,xx)
    n=size(x,2);
    for i=1:n-1
        if x(i)<xx&&xx<x(i+1)
            L1=(xx-x(i+1))/(x(i)-x(i+1));
            L2=(xx-x(i))/(x(i+1)-x(i));
            yy=L1*y(i)+L2*y(i+1);
            break;
        elseif x(i)==xx
             yy=y(i);      
        end
    end
    
end

分段抛物插值

原理

代码

x = [1 3 8 12 15 20 24];
y = [8 9 16 23 22 18 10];
y=fenduanpaowu(x,y,7)

function y=fenduanpaowu(xi,yi,x)
    n=size(xi,2);
    if x<xi(2)
        L1=(x-xi(1))*(x-xi(3))/(xi(1)-xi(2))/(xi(1)-xi(3));
        L2=(x-xi(1))*(x-xi(3))/(xi(2)-xi(1))/(xi(2)-xi(3));
        L3=(x-xi(1))*(x-xi(2))/(xi(3)-xi(1))/(xi(3)-xi(2));
        y=L1*yi(1)+L2*yi(2)+L3*yi(3);
    elseif x>xi(end-1)
        L1=(x-xi(end-1))*(x-xi(end))/(xi(end-2)-xi(end-1))/(xi(end-2)-xi(end));
        L2=(x-xi(end-2))*(x-xi(end))/(xi(end-1)-xi(end-2))/(xi(end-1)-xi(end));
        L3=(x-xi(end-2))*(x-xi(end-1))/(xi(end)-xi(end-2))/(xi(end)-xi(end-1));
        y=L1*yi(1)+L2*yi(2)+L3*yi(3);
   else
        for k=2:n-1
            if xi(k+1)>x  
                if abs(x-xi(k))<abs(x-xi(k+1))
                    i=k-1;
                    
                else
                    i=k;
                end
                L1=(x-xi(i+1))*(x-xi(i+2))/(xi(i)-xi(i+1))/(xi(i)-xi(i+2));
                L2=(x-xi(i))*(x-xi(i+2))/(xi(i+1)-xi(i))/(xi(i+1)-xi(i+2));
                L3=(x-xi(i))*(x-xi(i+1))/(xi(i+2)-xi(i))/(xi(i+2)-xi(i+1));
                y=L1*yi(i)+L2*yi(i+1)+L3*yi(i+2);
            end
        end
   end
    
end