打印图案的模板&&技巧&&例题

技巧：
  先计算有多少行,再计算每个列的长度(可变的变量)，在定义两个变量控制每一列的开始和结束,s,t 。

模板
int n = ini();
int m,s,t;
for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
	for(int j = s; j <= t; ++j) {
		...
	}
	//或者
	for(int j = 0; j < m; ++j) {
		...
	}
}

1 Simple Accepted / Used
题链接:https://ac.nowcoder.com/acm/contest/19305/1003

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
inline int ini()
{
    char c=getchar();while(c<'A' || c>'Z') c=getchar();
    return c;
}

int main() {
    char ch = ini();
    int n = (ch-'A')+1;
    int s = n, t = n, mid = n;
    char ch1 = 'A'-1;
    for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
        for(int j = 1; j <= t; ++j) {
           if(j >= s) {
               if(j > mid) {
                   cout<< (char)(--ch1);
               }else {
                   cout<< (char)(++ch1);
               }
           }else {
               cout<< ' ';
           }
            
        }
        cout<<endl;
        ++t;
        --s;
        ch1 = 'A'-1;
    }
    return 0;
}

---

2 Simple Accepted / Used
题链接:https://ac.nowcoder.com/acm/contest/19305/1004

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
inline int ini()
{
    int x=0,f=1;char c=getchar();while(c<48||c>57){if(c=='-') f=-1; c=getchar();}
    while(c>=48&&c<=57){x=(x<<3)+(x<<1)+(c^48);c=getchar();} return x*f;
}
int main() {
    int T = ini();
    while(T-->0) {
        int n = ini();
        if(n==1) {
            cout<< '*' <<endl;
            continue;
        }
        int s = n/2+1,len = n/2+1;
        for(int i = 0; i < n/2+1; ++i) {
            for(int j = 1; j <= len; ++j) {
                if(j >= s) cout<< '*';
                else cout<< ' ';
            }
            cout<<endl;
            s--;  
            len++;
        }
        s = 2; len = n-1;
        for(int i = 0; i < n/2; ++i) {
            for(int j = 1; j <= len; ++j) {
                if(j >= s) cout<< '*';
                else cout<< ' ';
            }
            cout<<endl;
            s++;  
            len--;
        }
    }
    
    return 0;
}

---

3 Simple Accepted / Used
题链接:https://ac.nowcoder.com/acm/contest/19305/1005

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
inline int ini()
{
    int x=0,f=1;char c=getchar();while(c<48||c>57){if(c==-1) return -1;c=getchar();}
    while(c>=48&&c<=57){x=(x<<3)+(x<<1)+(c^48);c=getchar();}return x*f;
}

int main() {
    while(true) {
        int n = ini();
        if(n < 0) break;
        int s = 2*n+1, t = s;
        for(int i = 0; i < n+1; ++i) {
            for(int j = 1; j <= t; ++j) {
                if(j >= s) cout<< '*';
                else cout<< ' ';
            }
            cout<<endl;
            s -= 2;
            t -= 1;
        }
        
        s = 3, t = n+2;
        for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            for(int j = 1; j <= t; ++j) {
                if(j >= s) cout<< '*';
                else cout<< ' ';
            }
            cout<<endl;
            s += 2;
            t += 1;
        }
    }
    
    return 0;
}

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