【IPV6从入门到起飞】5-3 IPV6+Home Assistant(ESP32+MQTT+GPIO)远程控制灯

1 背景

在上一小节我们通过ESP32接入了Home Assistant，实现了温度、湿度、光照强度的数据采集，但智能家居更多的是实现控制，现在我们通过4个IO以及灯来模拟家庭的设备，通过Home Assistant远程控制开关。

如果有熟读上一节的内容 【IPV6从入门到起飞】5-2 IPV6+Home Assistant(ESP32+MQTT+DHT11+BH1750)传感器采集上传监测 的话，本节的内容相当简单。

还是老的套路。

2 Home Assistant 配置

配置yaml，添加四个灯，设置主题以及控制字

config/configuration.yaml

mqtt:
  switch:
    - name: "Lamp 1"
      command_topic: "home/esp32/lamp1"
      payload_on: "1"
      payload_off: "0"

    - name: "Lamp 2"
      command_topic: "home/esp32/lamp2"
      payload_on: "1"
      payload_off: "0"

    - name: "Lamp 3"
      command_topic: "home/esp32/lamp3"
      payload_on: "1"
      payload_off: "0"

    - name: "Lamp 4"
      command_topic: "home/esp32/lamp4"
      payload_on: "1"
      payload_off: "0"

检查配置，重载配置

在我我们的概览页会出现四个开关

3 ESP32 配置

直接使用GPIO5、18、19、21作为输出

3-1 工程代码

#include <WiFi.h>
#include <PubSubClient.h>

const char* ssid = "mywifi_2.4G";            // 替换为你的 Wi-Fi SSID
const char* password = "12345666";           // 替换为你的 Wi-Fi 密码
const char* mqttServer = "192.168.66.118";   // 替换为你的 MQTT Broker IP
const int mqttPort = 1883;                    // 默认 MQTT 端口
const char* mqttUser = "YOUR_MQTT_USERNAME"; // 如果需要，替换为你的用户名
const char* mqttPassword = "YOUR_MQTT_PASSWORD"; // 如果需要，替换为你的密码

WiFiClient wifiClient;
PubSubClient mqttClient(wifiClient);

// 定义灯的 GPIO 引脚
const int lamp1Pin = 5;
const int lamp2Pin = 18;
const int lamp3Pin = 19;
const int lamp4Pin = 21;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  
  // 设置 GPIO 引脚为输出
  pinMode(lamp1Pin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(lamp2Pin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(lamp3Pin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(lamp4Pin, OUTPUT);
  
  // 连接到 Wi-Fi
  connectToWiFi();

  // 设置 MQTT 服务器
  mqttClient.setServer(mqttServer, mqttPort);
  mqttClient.setCallback(mqttCallback);
}

void loop() {
  if (!mqttClient.connected()) {
    reconnectMQTT();
  }
  mqttClient.loop();
}

void connectToWiFi() {
  Serial.print("Connecting to WiFi...");
  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(1000);
    Serial.print(".");
  }
  Serial.println("Connected to WiFi!");
}

void reconnectMQTT() {
  while (!mqttClient.connected()) {
    Serial.println("Attempting MQTT connection...");
    if (mqttClient.connect("ESP32Client", mqttUser, mqttPassword)) {
      Serial.println("connected");
      mqttClient.subscribe("home/esp32/lamp1");
      mqttClient.subscribe("home/esp32/lamp2");
      mqttClient.subscribe("home/esp32/lamp3");
      mqttClient.subscribe("home/esp32/lamp4");
    } else {
      Serial.print("failed, rc=");
      Serial.print(mqttClient.state());
      Serial.println(" try again in 5 seconds");
      delay(5000);
    }
  }
}

void mqttCallback(char* topic, byte* payload, unsigned int length) {
  payload[length] = '\0'; // 确保字符串结束
  String message = String((char*)payload);

  if (strcmp(topic, "home/esp32/lamp1") == 0) {
    digitalWrite(lamp1Pin, message == "1" ? HIGH : LOW);
  } else if (strcmp(topic, "home/esp32/lamp2") == 0) {
    digitalWrite(lamp2Pin, message == "1" ? HIGH : LOW);
  } else if (strcmp(topic, "home/esp32/lamp3") == 0) {
    digitalWrite(lamp3Pin, message == "1" ? HIGH : LOW);
  } else if (strcmp(topic, "home/esp32/lamp4") == 0) {
    digitalWrite(lamp4Pin, message == "1" ? HIGH : LOW);
  }
}

3-2 硬件接线

（这里使用的是步进电机驱动板，恰好有个灯，拿来用一下）

4 实现效果

点击页面上的 lamp2 的开，板子的第二个灯亮起，其他灯的效果也是一样的，不做重复的演示