solution
g m = f ( x − ∑ i = 1 m a i ) , 令 A = ∑ i = 1 m a i , 则 有 , g_m=f(x-\sum\limits_{i=1}^{m}a_i),令A=\sum\limits_{i=1}^{m}a_i,则有, gm=f(x−i=1∑mai),令A=i=1∑mai,则有,
g m = f ( x − A ) g_m=f(x-A) gm=f(x−A)
= ∑ i = 0 n c i ( x − a ) i =\sum\limits_{i=0}^{n}c_i(x-a)^i =i=0∑nci(x−a)i
= ∑ i = 0 n c i ∑ j = 0 i C i j ( − a ) i − j x j =\sum\limits_{i=0}^{n}c_i\sum\limits_{j=0}^{i}C_i^j(-a)^{i-j}x^j =i=0∑ncij=0∑iCij(−a)i−jxj
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-----------------------------
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
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0
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C
0
0
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−
a
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c_0[C_0^0(-a)^0x^0]
c0[C00(−a)0x0]
c 1 [ C 1 0 ( − a ) 1 x 0 + C 1 1 ( − a ) 0 x 1 ] c_1[C_1^0(-a)^1x^0+C_1^1(-a)^0x^1] c1[C10(−a)1x0+C11(−a)0x1]
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2
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2
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1
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1
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0
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2
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c_2[C_2^0(-a)^2x^0+C_2^1(-a)^1x^1+C_2^2(-a)^0x^2]
c2[C20(−a)2x0+C21(−a)1x1+C22(−a)0x2]
…
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1
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n
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+
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c_n[C_n^0(-a)^nx^0+C_n^1(-a)^{n-1}x^1+C_n^0(-a)^{n-2}x^2+...+C_n^n(-a)^{0}x^n]
cn[Cn0(−a)nx0+Cn1(−a)n−1x1+Cn0(−a)n−2x2+...+Cnn(−a)0xn]
− − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − ----------------------------- −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
= ∑ j = 0 n ∑ i = j n c i + j ( − a ) i − j C i j x j =\sum\limits_{j=0}^{n}\sum\limits_{i=j}^{n}c_{i+j}(-a)^{i-j}C_i^jx^j =j=0∑ni=j∑nci+j(−a)i−jCijxj
= ∑ j = 0 n ∑ i = 0 n − j c i + j ( − a ) i C i + j j x j =\sum\limits_{j=0}^{n}\sum\limits_{i=0}^{n-j}c_{i+j}(-a)^{i}C_{i+j}^jx^j =j=0∑ni=0∑n−jci+j(−a)iCi+jjxj
= ∑ j = 0 n ∑ i = 0 n − j c i + j ( − a ) i ( i + j ) ! i ! j ! x j =\sum\limits_{j=0}^{n}\sum\limits_{i=0}^{n-j}c_{i+j}(-a)^{i}\frac{(i+j)!}{i!j!}x^j =j=0∑ni=0∑n−jci+j(−a)ii!j!(i+j)!xj
= ∑ j = 0 n b j x j =\sum\limits_{j=0}^{n}b_jx^j =j=0∑nbjxj
= > => =>
∑ j = 0 n j ! b j x j = ∑ j = 0 n ∑ i = 0 n − j ( i + j ) ! c i + j ( − a ) i i ! x j \sum\limits_{j=0}^{n}j!b_jx^j=\sum\limits_{j=0}^{n}\sum\limits_{i=0}^{n-j}(i+j)!c_{i+j}\frac{(-a)^{i}}{i!}x^j j=0∑nj!bjxj=j=0∑ni=0∑n−j(i+j)!ci+ji!(−a)ixj
= > => =>
j ! b j = ∑ i = 0 n − j ( i + j ) ! c i + j ∗ ( − a ) i i ! j!b_j=\sum\limits_{i=0}^{n-j}(i+j)!c_{i+j}*\frac{(-a)^{i}}{i!} j!bj=i=0∑n−j(i+j)!ci+j∗i!(−a)i
令 F [ j ] = ( n − j ) ! c n − j , G [ j ] = ( − a ) j j ! 令F[j]={(n-j)}!c_{n-j},G[j]=\frac{(-a)^{j}}{j!} 令F[j]=(n−j)!cn−j,G[j]=j!(−a)j
= > => =>
∑ j = 0 n j ! b j = ∑ j = 0 n ∑ i = 0 j F [ j − i ] G [ i ] \sum\limits_{j=0}^{n}j!b_j=\sum\limits_{j=0}^{n}\sum\limits_{i=0}^{j}F[j-i]G[i] j=0∑nj!bj=j=0∑ni=0∑jF[j−i]G[i]
通 过 F ∗ G 得 到 G m . 通过F*G得到G_m. 通过F∗G得到Gm.
code
/*SiberianSquirrel*//*CuteKiloFish*/
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define gcd(a,b) __gcd(a,b)
#define Polynomial vector<int>
#define Inv(x) quick_pow(x, mod - 2)
using ll = long long;
using ull = unsigned long long;
const ll mod = 998244353, mod_g = 3, img = 86583718;//NTT, 多项式三角形
const int N = int(6e5 + 10);
inline int add(int a, int b) {
return a + b < mod? a + b: a + b - mod;
}
inline int sub(int a, int b) {
return a - b < 0? a - b + mod: a - b;
}
inline int mul(int a, int b) {
return 1ll * a * b % mod;
}
void print(Polynomial &a, int len){
for(int i = 0; i < len; ++ i)
cout << a[i] << ' ';
cout << '\n';
}
void exgcd(int a,int b,int &x,int &y){
if(!b) {
x = 1; y = 0;
return;
}
exgcd(b, a % b, y, x);
y -= x * (a / b);
}
int quick_pow(int ans, int p, int res = 1) {
for(; p; p >>= 1, ans = 1ll * ans * ans % mod)
if(p & 1) res = 1ll * res * ans % mod;
return res % mod;
}
Polynomial R;
//二进制向上取整,为方便NTT变换准备。
inline int Binary_Rounding(const int &n) {
int len = 1; while(len < n) len <<= 1;
return len;
}
//预处理R数组,准备变换,在每次NTT之前理论都要调用此函数。
inline int Prepare_Transformation(int n){
int L = 0, len;
for(len = 1; len < n; len <<= 1) L++;
R.clear(); R.resize(len);
for(int i = 0; i < len; ++ i)
R[i] = (R[i>>1]>>1)|((i&1)<<(L-1));
return len;
}
void NTT(Polynomial &a, int f){
int n = a.size();
for(int i = 0; i < n; ++ i)
if(i < R[i])swap(a[i], a[R[i]]);
for(int i = 1; i < n; i <<= 1)
for(int j = 0, gn = quick_pow(mod_g,(mod - 1) / (i<<1)); j < n; j += (i<<1))
for(int k = 0, g = 1, x, y; k < i; ++ k, g = 1ll * g * gn % mod)
x = a[j + k], y = 1ll * g * a[i + j + k] % mod,
a[j + k] = (x + y) % mod, a[i + j + k] = (x - y + mod) % mod;
if(f == -1){
reverse(a.begin() + 1, a.end());
int inv = Inv(n);
for(int i = 0; i < n; ++ i) a[i] = 1ll * a[i] * inv % mod;
}
}
inline Polynomial operator +(const Polynomial &a, const int &b){
int sizea = a.size(); Polynomial ret = a; ret.resize(sizea);
for(int i = 0; i < sizea; ++ i)ret[i] = (1ll * a[i] + b + mod) % mod;
return ret;
}
inline Polynomial operator -(const Polynomial &a, const int &b){
int sizea = a.size(); Polynomial ret = a; ret.resize(sizea);
for(int i = 0; i < sizea; ++ i)ret[i] = (1ll * a[i] - b + mod) % mod;
return ret;
}
inline Polynomial operator *(const Polynomial &a, const int &b){
int sizea = a.size(); Polynomial ret = a; ret.resize(sizea);
for(int i = 0; i < sizea; ++ i) ret[i] = (1ll * a[i] * b % mod + mod) % mod;
return ret;
}
inline Polynomial operator +(const Polynomial &a, const Polynomial &b){
int sizea = a.size(), sizeb = b.size(), size = max(sizea, sizeb);
Polynomial ret = a; ret.resize(size);
for(int i = 0; i < sizeb; ++ i) ret[i] = (1ll * ret[i] + b[i]) % mod;
return ret;
}
inline Polynomial operator -(const Polynomial &a, const Polynomial &b){
int sizea = a.size(), sizeb = b.size(), size = max(sizea, sizeb);
Polynomial ret = a; ret.resize(size);
for(int i = 0; i < sizeb; ++ i) ret[i] = (1ll * ret[i] - b[i] + mod) % mod;
return ret;
}
inline Polynomial Inverse(const Polynomial &a){
Polynomial ret, inv_a;
ret.resize(1);
ret[0] = Inv(a[0]); int ed = a.size();
for(int len = 2; len <= ed; len <<= 1){
int n = Prepare_Transformation(len << 1);
inv_a = a; inv_a.resize(n); ret.resize(n);
for(int i = len; i < n; ++ i) inv_a[i] = 0;
NTT(inv_a, 1); NTT(ret, 1);
for(int i = 0; i < n; ++ i)
ret[i] = 1ll * (2ll - 1ll * inv_a[i] * ret[i] % mod + mod) % mod * ret[i] % mod;
NTT(ret, -1);
for(int i = len; i < n; ++ i) ret[i] = 0;
}
ret.resize(ed);
return ret;
}
inline Polynomial operator *(const Polynomial &a, const Polynomial &b){
Polynomial lsa = a, lsb = b, ret;
int n = lsa.size(), m = lsb.size();
n = Prepare_Transformation(n + m);
lsa.resize(n); lsb.resize(n); ret.resize(n);
NTT(lsa,1); NTT(lsb,1);
for(int i = 0; i < n; ++ i) ret[i] = 1ll * lsa[i] * lsb[i] % mod;
NTT(ret,-1);
return ret;
}
inline Polynomial operator /(const Polynomial &a, const Polynomial &b){
Polynomial ret = a, ls = b;
reverse(ret.begin(), ret.end());
reverse(ls.begin(), ls.end());
ls.resize(Binary_Rounding(a.size() + b.size()));
ls = Inverse(ls);
ls.resize(a.size() + b.size());
ret = ret * ls; ret.resize(a.size() - b.size() + 1);
reverse(ret.begin(), ret.end());
return ret;
}
inline Polynomial operator %(const Polynomial &a, const Polynomial &b){
Polynomial ret = a / b;
ret = ret * b; ret.resize(a.size() + b.size());
ret = a - ret; ret.resize(a.size() + b.size());
return ret;
}
inline Polynomial Derivation(const Polynomial &a){
int size = a.size(); Polynomial ret; ret.resize(size);
for(int i = 1; i < size; ++ i) ret[i - 1] = 1ll * i * a[i] % mod;
ret[size - 1] = 0;
return ret;
}
inline Polynomial Integral(const Polynomial &a){
int size = a.size(); Polynomial ret; ret.resize(size);
for(int i = 1; i < size; ++ i) ret[i] = 1ll * Inv(i) * a[i - 1] % mod;
ret[0] = 0;
return ret;
}
inline Polynomial Composition_Inverse(const Polynomial &a){
int n = a.size();
Polynomial ret, Cinv = a, Pow;
Cinv.resize(n); ret.resize(n); Pow.resize(n); Pow[0] = 1;
for(register int i = 0; i < n - 1; ++ i) Cinv[i] = Cinv[i + 1]; Cinv[n - 1] = 0;
Cinv = Inverse(Cinv);
for(register int i = 1; i < n; ++ i){
Pow = Pow * Cinv; Pow.resize(n);
ret[i] = 1ll * Pow[i - 1] * Inv(i) % mod;
}
return ret;
}
inline Polynomial Logarithmic(const Polynomial &a){
Polynomial ln_a = Derivation(a) * Inverse(a);
ln_a.resize(a.size());
return Integral(ln_a);
}
inline Polynomial Exponential(const Polynomial &a, int Constant = 1){
Polynomial ret, D; int ed = a.size();
ret.resize(1); ret[0] = Constant;
for(int len = 2; len <= ed; len <<= 1){
D = Logarithmic(ret); D.resize(len);
D[0] = (1ll * a[0] + 1ll - D[0] + mod) % mod;
for(int i = 1; i < len; ++i) D[i] = (1ll * a[i] - D[i] + mod) % mod;
int n = Prepare_Transformation(len<<1);
ret.resize(n); D.resize(n);
NTT(ret, 1); NTT(D,1);
for(int i = 0; i < n; ++ i) ret[i] = 1ll * ret[i] * D[i] % mod;
NTT(ret, -1);
for(int i = len; i < (len<<1); ++ i) ret[i] = D[i] = 0;
}
ret.resize(ed);
return ret;
}
int fac[int(1e5 + 10)] = {1}, ifac[int(1e5 + 10)] = {1};
inline void solve() {
for(int i = 1; i <= int(1e5); ++ i) fac[i] = 1ll * fac[i - 1] * i % mod, ifac[i] = Inv(fac[i]);
int n, m;
while(cin >> n) {
vector<int> c(n + 1);
for(int i = 0; i <= n; ++ i) cin >> c[i];
cin >> m;
int A = 0;
for(int i = 1; i <= m; ++ i) {
int x; cin >> x;
A = add(A, x);
}
Polynomial F(n + 1), G(n + 1);
int temp = 1;
for(int i = 0; i <= n; ++ i) {
F[i] = 1ll * fac[n - i] * c[n - i] % mod;
G[i] = 1ll * temp * ifac[i] % mod;
temp = mod - 1ll * temp * A % mod;
}
Polynomial B = F * G;
for(int i = 0; i <= n; ++ i) {
cout << 1ll * B[n - i] * ifac[i] % mod << ' ';
}
cout << '\n';
}
}
signed main() {
ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);
cin.tie(0);
cout.tie(0);
#ifdef ACM_LOCAL
freopen("input", "r", stdin);
// freopen("output", "w", stdout);
signed test_index_for_debug = 1;
char acm_local_for_debug = 0;
do {
if (acm_local_for_debug == '$') exit(0);
if (test_index_for_debug > 20)
throw runtime_error("Check the stdin!!!");
auto start_clock_for_debug = clock();
solve();
auto end_clock_for_debug = clock();
cout << "Test " << test_index_for_debug << " successful" << endl;
cerr << "Test " << test_index_for_debug++ << " Run Time: "
<< double(end_clock_for_debug - start_clock_for_debug) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC << "s" << endl;
cout << "--------------------------------------------------" << endl;
} while (cin >> acm_local_for_debug && cin.putback(acm_local_for_debug));
#else
solve();
#endif
return 0;
}