springmvc

一.环境搭建

1.springmvc框架部署

new->project->maven

添加

<packaging>war<packaging>,刷新

main目录下新建webapp目录

webapp下新建WEB-INF，WEB-INF下新建web.xml

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee 
         http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">
    
</web-app>

File->Project Structure->Modules,点击Dependencies,如下图点击+，再点击Library,找到Tomcat，点击添加


点击add configuration,再点击+

找到Tomcat Server,Local,再Application server项找到Tomcat安装目录

点击Fix

点击springmvc-demo:war exploded

找到Application context,修改如下

2.pom.xml添加依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.qfedu</groupId>
    <artifactId>springmvc-demo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
        <spring.version>5.2.13.RELEASE</spring.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

3.创建spring mvc配置文件

在resources目录下创建名为spring-servlet.xml的文件
添加MVC命名空间

spring-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
      xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
      xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <context:annotation-config/>
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.qfedu"/>
    <!--声明mvc使用注解驱动-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

</beans>

4.在web.xml中配置springmvc的前端控制器

springmvc提供了一个名为DispatcherServlet的类(springmvc中央处理器，
也就是前端控制器），用于拦截用户请求交由springmvc处理

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
         http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

5.springmvc框架使用

在main目录下新建com.qfedu.controllers包

在一个控制器类中可以多个方法处理不同的请求
在每个方法上添加@RequestMapping(“url”)用于声明当前方法请求的url

package com.qfedu.controllers;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
    @RequestMapping("/add")
    public void add(){
        System.out.println("add");
    }
    @RequestMapping("/list")
    public void list(){
        System.out.println("list");
    }
}

访问
http://localhost:8080/springmvc_demo1/book/list

二.url-pattern中/*和/的区别

1./

（一）拦截HTTP请求，不包括.jsp的请求，不放行静态资源请求
（二）静态资源放行配置
在spring-servlet.xml中添加

 <mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/css/"/>
 <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/js/"/>
 <mvc:resources mapping="/imgs/**" location="/imgs/"/>

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
  <body>
  <h3>添加图书</h3>
  <form action="" method="post">
    <p>图书名称：<input type="text"/></p>
    <p>图书作者：<input type="text"/></p>
    <p>图书价格：<input type="text"/></p>
    <p><input type="submit" value="提交"></p>
  </form>
</body>
</html>

访问http://localhost:8080/springmvc_demo1/book-app.jsp

访问http://localhost:8080/springmvc_demo1/book/list


访问http://localhost:8080/springmvc_demo1/bookapp.html

webapp下新建css目录

book-app.css

body{
    background-color: blue;
}

访问http://localhost:8080/springmvc_demo1/book-app.jsp

在spring-servlet.xml中添加以下代码

<mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/css/"/>

再次访问http://localhost:8080/springmvc_demo1/book-app.jsp

<mvc:resources mapping="/html/**" location="/html/"/>

bookapp.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>ubiiubueriugveriygvieruhvueirhviubeuivubeuvbgeyivbhbvuh</h1>
<h3>添加图书</h3>
<form action="" method="post">
    <p>图书名称：<input type="text"/></p>
    <p>图书作者：<input type="text"/></p>
    <p>图书价格：<input type="text"/></p>
    <p><input type="submit" value="提交"></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>

2./*