李宏毅2022深度学习作业 Homework 4：Speaker Identification

任务描述

对给定特征的说话人进行分类。

主要目标

学习如何使用变压器。

说话者识别任务：

多类分类从给定的语音中预测说话者类。

数据集

VoxCeleb2
训练集： 56666个处理过的音频功能与标签。
测试集： 4000个处理过的音频功能（公共和私人），没有标签。
标签：总共600个班，每个班代表一个演讲者

数据预处理

数据格式

数据目录：
○ metadata.json
○ testdata.json
○ mapping.json
○ uttr-{random string}.pt

元数据中的信息：
○ “n_mels”: The dimention of mel-spectrogram.
○ “speakers”: A dictionary.
■ Key: speaker ids
■ Value: “feature_path” and “mel_len”

训练期间的数据分割

模型体系结构

CODE

设置随机种子以确保实验的可重现性

import numpy as np
import torch
import random

def set_seed(seed):
    np.random.seed(seed)
    random.seed(seed)
    torch.manual_seed(seed)
    if torch.cuda.is_available():
        torch.cuda.manual_seed(seed)
        torch.cuda.manual_seed_all(seed)
    torch.backends.cudnn.benchmark = False
    torch.backends.cudnn.deterministic = True

set_seed(87)

定义一个自定义的数据集类myDataset，用于加载和处理数据集中的Mel频谱图和对应的说话人ID。

import os
import json
import torch
import random
from pathlib import Path
from torch.utils.data import Dataset
from torch.nn.utils.rnn import pad_sequence
 
 
class myDataset(Dataset):
	def __init__(self, data_dir, segment_len=128):
		self.data_dir = data_dir
		self.segment_len = segment_len
	
		# Load the mapping from speaker neme to their corresponding id. 
		mapping_path = Path(data_dir) / "mapping.json"
		mapping = json.load(mapping_path.open())
		self.speaker2id = mapping["speaker2id"]
	
		# Load metadata of training data.
		metadata_path = Path(data_dir) / "metadata.json"
		metadata = json.load(open(metadata_path))["speakers"]
	
		# Get the total number of speaker.
		self.speaker_num = len(metadata.keys())
		self.data = []
		for speaker in metadata.keys():
			for utterances in metadata[speaker]:
				self.data.append([utterances["feature_path"], self.speaker2id[speaker]])
 
	def __len__(self):
			return len(self.data)
 
	def __getitem__(self, index):
		feat_path, speaker = self.data[index]
		# Load preprocessed mel-spectrogram.
		mel = torch.load(os.path.join(self.data_dir, feat_path))

		# Segmemt mel-spectrogram into "segment_len" frames.
		if len(mel) > self.segment_len:
			# Randomly get the starting point of the segment.
			start = random.randint(0, len(mel) - self.segment_len)
			# Get a segment with "segment_len" frames.
			mel = torch.FloatTensor(mel[start:start+self.segment_len])
		else:
			mel = torch.FloatTensor(mel)
		# Turn the speaker id into long for computing loss later.
		speaker = torch.FloatTensor([speaker]).long()
		return mel, speaker
 
	def get_speaker_number(self):
		return self.speaker_num

数据加载器
将数据集拆分为训练数据集（90%）和验证数据集（10%）。创建数据加载器以迭代数据。

import torch
from torch.utils.data import DataLoader, random_split
from torch.nn.utils.rnn import pad_sequence


def collate_batch(batch):
	# Process features within a batch.
	"""Collate a batch of data."""
	mel, speaker = zip(*batch)
	# Because we train the model batch by batch, we need to pad the features in the same batch to make their lengths the same.
	mel = pad_sequence(mel, batch_first=True, padding_value=-20)    # pad log 10^(-20) which is very small value.
	# mel: (batch size, length, 40)
	return mel, torch.FloatTensor(speaker).long()


def get_dataloader(data_dir, batch_size, n_workers):
	"""Generate dataloader"""
	dataset = myDataset(data_dir)
	speaker_num = dataset.get_speaker_number()
	# Split dataset into training dataset and validation dataset
	trainlen = int(0.9 * len(dataset))
	lengths = [trainlen, len(dataset) - trainlen]
	trainset, validset = random_split(dataset, lengths)

	train_loader = DataLoader(
		trainset,
		batch_size=batch_size,
		shuffle=True,
		drop_last=True,
		num_workers=n_workers,
		pin_memory=True,
		collate_fn=collate_batch,
	)
	valid_loader = DataLoader(
		validset,
		batch_size=batch_size,
		num_workers=n_workers,
		drop_last=True,
		pin_memory=True,
		collate_fn=collate_batch,
	)

	return train_loader, valid_loader, speaker_num

模型
TransformerEncoderLayer是Attention Is All You Need中的基础Transformer编码器层。

参数：

• d_model：输入的预期特征数量（必需）。
• nhead：多头注意力模型的头数（必需）。
• dim_feedforward：前馈网络模型的维度（默认为2048）。
• dropout：dropout值（默认为0.1）。
• activation：中间层的激活函数，可以是relu或gelu（默认为relu）。

TransformerEncoder是N个Transformer编码器层的堆叠。

参数：

• encoder_layer：TransformerEncoderLayer()类的实例（必需）。
• num_layers：编码器中的子编码器层的数量（必需）。
• norm：层归一化组件（可选）。

import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F


class Classifier(nn.Module):
	def __init__(self, d_model=80, n_spks=600, dropout=0.1):
		super().__init__()
		# Project the dimension of features from that of input into d_model.
		self.prenet = nn.Linear(40, d_model)
		# TODO:
		#   Change Transformer to Conformer.
		#   https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.08100
		self.encoder_layer = nn.TransformerEncoderLayer(
			d_model=d_model, dim_feedforward=256, nhead=2
		)
		# self.encoder = nn.TransformerEncoder(self.encoder_layer, num_layers=2)

		# Project the the dimension of features from d_model into speaker nums.
		self.pred_layer = nn.Sequential(
			nn.Linear(d_model, d_model),
			nn.ReLU(),
			nn.Linear(d_model, n_spks),
		)

	def forward(self, mels):
		"""
		args:
			mels: (batch size, length, 40)
		return:
			out: (batch size, n_spks)
		"""
		# out: (batch size, length, d_model)
		out = self.prenet(mels)
		# out: (length, batch size, d_model)
		out = out.permute(1, 0, 2)
		# The encoder layer expect features in the shape of (length, batch size, d_model).
		out = self.encoder_layer(out)
		# out: (batch size, length, d_model)
		out = out.transpose(0, 1)
		# mean pooling
		stats = out.mean(dim=1)

		# out: (batch, n_spks)
		out = self.pred_layer(stats)
		return out

学习进度表
对于变压器架构，学习速率调度的设计与CNN的不同。先前的工作表明，学习率的预热对于使用变压器架构训练模型是有用的。热身时间表在开始时将学习率设置为0。在预热期间，学习率从0线性增加到初始学习率。

import math

import torch
from torch.optim import Optimizer
from torch.optim.lr_scheduler import LambdaLR


def get_cosine_schedule_with_warmup(
	optimizer: Optimizer,
	num_warmup_steps: int,
	num_training_steps: int,
	num_cycles: float = 0.5,
	last_epoch: int = -1,
):
	"""
	Create a schedule with a learning rate that decreases following the values of the cosine function between the
	initial lr set in the optimizer to 0, after a warmup period during which it increases linearly between 0 and the
	initial lr set in the optimizer.

	Args:
		optimizer (:class:`~torch.optim.Optimizer`):
		The optimizer for which to schedule the learning rate.
		num_warmup_steps (:obj:`int`):
		The number of steps for the warmup phase.
		num_training_steps (:obj:`int`):
		The total number of training steps.
		num_cycles (:obj:`float`, `optional`, defaults to 0.5):
		The number of waves in the cosine schedule (the defaults is to just decrease from the max value to 0
		following a half-cosine).
		last_epoch (:obj:`int`, `optional`, defaults to -1):
		The index of the last epoch when resuming training.

	Return:
		:obj:`torch.optim.lr_scheduler.LambdaLR` with the appropriate schedule.
	"""
	def lr_lambda(current_step):
		# Warmup
		if current_step < num_warmup_steps:
			return float(current_step) / float(max(1, num_warmup_steps))
		# decadence
		progress = float(current_step - num_warmup_steps) / float(
			max(1, num_training_steps - num_warmup_steps)
		)
		return max(
			0.0, 0.5 * (1.0 + math.cos(math.pi * float(num_cycles) * 2.0 * progress))
		)

	return LambdaLR(optimizer, lr_lambda, last_epoch)

模型函数

import torch


def model_fn(batch, model, criterion, device):
	"""Forward a batch through the model."""

	mels, labels = batch
	mels = mels.to(device)
	labels = labels.to(device)

	outs = model(mels)

	loss = criterion(outs, labels)

	# Get the speaker id with highest probability.
	preds = outs.argmax(1)
	# Compute accuracy.
	accuracy = torch.mean((preds == labels).float())

	return loss, accuracy

验证

from tqdm import tqdm
import torch


def valid(dataloader, model, criterion, device): 
	"""Validate on validation set."""

	model.eval()
	running_loss = 0.0
	running_accuracy = 0.0
	pbar = tqdm(total=len(dataloader.dataset), ncols=0, desc="Valid", unit=" uttr")

	for i, batch in enumerate(dataloader):
		with torch.no_grad():
			loss, accuracy = model_fn(batch, model, criterion, device)
			running_loss += loss.item()
			running_accuracy += accuracy.item()

		pbar.update(dataloader.batch_size)
		pbar.set_postfix(
			loss=f"{running_loss / (i+1):.2f}",
			accuracy=f"{running_accuracy / (i+1):.2f}",
		)

	pbar.close()
	model.train()

	return running_accuracy / len(dataloader)

Main function

from tqdm import tqdm

import torch
import torch.nn as nn
from torch.optim import AdamW
from torch.utils.data import DataLoader, random_split


def parse_args():
	"""arguments"""
	config = {
		"data_dir": "./Dataset",
		"save_path": "model.ckpt",
		"batch_size": 32,
		"n_workers": 8,
		"valid_steps": 2000,
		"warmup_steps": 1000,
		"save_steps": 10000,
		"total_steps": 70000,
	}

	return config


def main(
	data_dir,
	save_path,
	batch_size,
	n_workers,
	valid_steps,
	warmup_steps,
	total_steps,
	save_steps,
):
	"""Main function."""
	device = torch.device("cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu")
	print(f"[Info]: Use {device} now!")

	train_loader, valid_loader, speaker_num = get_dataloader(data_dir, batch_size, n_workers)
	train_iterator = iter(train_loader)
	print(f"[Info]: Finish loading data!",flush = True)

	model = Classifier(n_spks=speaker_num).to(device)
	criterion = nn.CrossEntropyLoss()
	optimizer = AdamW(model.parameters(), lr=1e-3)
	scheduler = get_cosine_schedule_with_warmup(optimizer, warmup_steps, total_steps)
	print(f"[Info]: Finish creating model!",flush = True)

	best_accuracy = -1.0
	best_state_dict = None

	pbar = tqdm(total=valid_steps, ncols=0, desc="Train", unit=" step")

	for step in range(total_steps):
		# Get data
		try:
			batch = next(train_iterator)
		except StopIteration:
			train_iterator = iter(train_loader)
			batch = next(train_iterator)

		loss, accuracy = model_fn(batch, model, criterion, device)
		batch_loss = loss.item()
		batch_accuracy = accuracy.item()

		# Updata model
		loss.backward()
		optimizer.step()
		scheduler.step()
		optimizer.zero_grad()

		# Log
		pbar.update()
		pbar.set_postfix(
			loss=f"{batch_loss:.2f}",
			accuracy=f"{batch_accuracy:.2f}",
			step=step + 1,
		)

		# Do validation
		if (step + 1) % valid_steps == 0:
			pbar.close()

			valid_accuracy = valid(valid_loader, model, criterion, device)

			# keep the best model
			if valid_accuracy > best_accuracy:
				best_accuracy = valid_accuracy
				best_state_dict = model.state_dict()

			pbar = tqdm(total=valid_steps, ncols=0, desc="Train", unit=" step")

		# Save the best model so far.
		if (step + 1) % save_steps == 0 and best_state_dict is not None:
			torch.save(best_state_dict, save_path)
			pbar.write(f"Step {step + 1}, best model saved. (accuracy={best_accuracy:.4f})")

	pbar.close()


if __name__ == "__main__":
	main(**parse_args())

推论
推理数据集

import os
import json
import torch
from pathlib import Path
from torch.utils.data import Dataset


class InferenceDataset(Dataset):
	def __init__(self, data_dir):
		testdata_path = Path(data_dir) / "testdata.json"
		metadata = json.load(testdata_path.open())
		self.data_dir = data_dir
		self.data = metadata["utterances"]

	def __len__(self):
		return len(self.data)

	def __getitem__(self, index):
		utterance = self.data[index]
		feat_path = utterance["feature_path"]
		mel = torch.load(os.path.join(self.data_dir, feat_path))

		return feat_path, mel


def inference_collate_batch(batch):
	"""Collate a batch of data."""
	feat_paths, mels = zip(*batch)

	return feat_paths, torch.stack(mels)

推理的主要功能

import json
import csv
from pathlib import Path
from tqdm.notebook import tqdm

import torch
from torch.utils.data import DataLoader

def parse_args():
	"""arguments"""
	config = {
		"data_dir": "./Dataset",
		"model_path": "./model.ckpt",
		"output_path": "./output.csv",
	}

	return config


def main(
	data_dir,
	model_path,
	output_path,
):
	"""Main function."""
	device = torch.device("cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu")
	print(f"[Info]: Use {device} now!")

	mapping_path = Path(data_dir) / "mapping.json"
	mapping = json.load(mapping_path.open())

	dataset = InferenceDataset(data_dir)
	dataloader = DataLoader(
		dataset,
		batch_size=1,
		shuffle=False,
		drop_last=False,
		num_workers=8,
		collate_fn=inference_collate_batch,
	)
	print(f"[Info]: Finish loading data!",flush = True)

	speaker_num = len(mapping["id2speaker"])
	model = Classifier(n_spks=speaker_num).to(device)
	model.load_state_dict(torch.load(model_path))
	model.eval()
	print(f"[Info]: Finish creating model!",flush = True)

	results = [["Id", "Category"]]
	for feat_paths, mels in tqdm(dataloader):
		with torch.no_grad():
			mels = mels.to(device)
			outs = model(mels)
			preds = outs.argmax(1).cpu().numpy()
			for feat_path, pred in zip(feat_paths, preds):
				results.append([feat_path, mapping["id2speaker"][str(pred)]])

	with open(output_path, 'w', newline='') as csvfile:
		writer = csv.writer(csvfile)
		writer.writerows(results)


if __name__ == "__main__":
	main(**parse_args())