【LeetCode刷题-二叉树】--110.平衡二叉树

110.平衡二叉树

方法一：自顶向下递归

对于当前遍历到的节点，首先计算左右子树的高度，如果左右子树的高度差是否不超过 111，再分别递归地遍历左右子节点，并判断左子树和右子树是否平衡。这是一个自顶向下的递归的过程。

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode() {}
 *     TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
 *     TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
 *         this.val = val;
 *         this.left = left;
 *         this.right = right;
 *     }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    public boolean isBalanced(TreeNode root) {
        if(root == null){
            return true;
        }else{
            return Math.abs(height(root.left)- height(root.right)) <= 1 && isBalanced(root.left) && isBalanced(root.right);
        }
    }

    public int height(TreeNode root){
        if(root == null){
            return 0;
        }else{
            return Math.max(height(root.left),height(root.right)) + 1;
        }
    }
}

方法二：自底向上递归

对于当前遍历到的节点，先递归地判断其左右子树是否平衡，再判断以当前节点为根的子树是否平衡。如果一棵子树是平衡的，则返回其高度（高度一定是非负整数），否则返回 −1。如果存在一棵子树不平衡，则整个二叉树一定不平衡。

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode() {}
 *     TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
 *     TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
 *         this.val = val;
 *         this.left = left;
 *         this.right = right;
 *     }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    public boolean isBalanced(TreeNode root) {
        return height(root) >= 0;
    }

    public int height(TreeNode root){
        if(root == null){
            return 0;
        }
        int left = height(root.left);
        int right = height(root.right);
        if(left == -1 || right == -1 || Math.abs(left - right) > 1){
            return -1;
        }else{
            return Math.max(left,right) + 1;
        }
    }
}