10.单元测试：Junit-尚硅谷Spring零基础入门到进阶，一套搞定spring6全套视频教程（源码级讲解）

整合JUnit5

1. 引入依赖

   <!--spring对junit的支持相关依赖-->  
   <dependency>  
       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
       <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>  
       <version>6.0.2</version>  
   </dependency>  
   <!--junit5测试-->  
   <dependency>  
       <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>  
       <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>  
       <version>5.9.0</version>  
   </dependency>  
   <!--1og4j2的依赖-->  
   <dependency>  
       <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>  
       <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>  
       <version>2.19.0</version>  
   </dependency>
   

2. 创建spring配置类，开启组件扫描

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
   <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
          xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">  
       <!-- 开启组件扫描           -->  
       <context:component-scan base-package="com.example"/>  
   </beans>
   

3. 创建User测试实体类

4. 创建SpringJUnit5测试类

   package com.example;  
   
   import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;  
   import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;  
   import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;  
   import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;  
   import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension;  
   import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringJUnitConfig;  
   
   @SpringJUnitConfig(locations = "classpath:bean.xml")  
   public class SpringJUnit5 {  
       //自动注入User类  
       @Autowired  
       User user;  
   
       //使用的是org.junit.jupiter.api.Test  
       @Test  
       public void UserTest() {  
           //直接使用User实例  
           System.out.println(user);  
           user.work();  
       }  
   }
   

输出结果

com.example.User@4628b1d3
User work

另一个不常用的写法：
用

@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)  ‘
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:bean.xml")

代替

@SpringJUnitConfig(locations = "classpath:bean.xml")

整合JUnit4

1. 额外添加依赖

   <dependency>  
       <groupId>junit</groupId>  
       <artifactId>junit</artifactId>  
       <version>4.12</version>  
   </dependency>
   

2. 创建SpringJUnit4测试类

   package com.example;  
   
   import org.junit.Test;  
   import org.junit.runner.RunWith;  
   import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;  
   import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;  
   import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;  
   
   @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)  
   @ContextConfiguration("classpath:bean.xml")  
   public class SpringJUnit4 {  
       @Autowired  
       User user;  
   
       //使用的是org.junit.Test  
       @Test  
       public void UserTest() {  
           //直接使用User实例  
           System.out.println(user);  
           user.work();  
       }  
   }