BGP第二次实验

实验内容

实验拓扑图

配置接口地址和环回地址
[r1]int lo0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip ad 10.1.1.1 24
[r1-LoopBack0]int lo1
[r1-LoopBack1]ip ad 192.168.1.1 24
[r1-LoopBack1]int g0/0/1
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 12.1.1.1 24

[r8]int lo0
[r8-LoopBack0]ip ad 10.1.2.1 24
[r8-LoopBack0]int lo1
[r8-LoopBack1]ip ad 192.168.2.1 24
[r8-LoopBack1]int g0/0/0
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 78.1.1.2 24

[r2]int g0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 12.1.1.2 24
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip ad 172.16.2.1 24
[r2]int g0/0/1
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.0.1 30
[r2]int g0/0/2
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip ad 172.16.0.9 30

[r3]int lo0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip ad 172.16.3.1 24
[r3]int g0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.0.2 30
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.0.5 30

[r4]int lo0
[r4-LoopBack0]ip ad 172.16.4.1 24
[r4]int g0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.0.6 30
[r4]int g0/0/2
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip ad 172.16.0.21 30

[r5]int lo0
[r5-LoopBack0]ip ad 172.16.5.1 24
[r5]int g0/0/2
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip ad 172.16.0.10 30
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/1
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.0.13 30

[r6]int lo0
[r6-LoopBack0]ip ad 172.16.6.1 24
[r6]int g0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.0.14 30
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 172.16.0.17 30

[r7]int lo0
[r7-LoopBack0]ip ad 172.16.7.1 24
[r7]int g0/0/1
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 78.1.1.1 24
[r7]int g0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.0.18 30
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/2
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip ad 172.16.0.22 30

启用IGP协议
[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]area 0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]area 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[r4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-ospf-1]area 0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[r5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-ospf-1]area 0
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[r6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[r6-ospf-1]area 0
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[r7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-ospf-1]area 0
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

查看通过ospf学到的路由

启用BGP

建邻

[r1]bgp 1
[r1-bgp]router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-bgp]peer 12.1.1.2 as-number 2

[r2]bgp 64512
[r2-bgp]router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-bgp]confederation id 2 （大号在as2）
[r2-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513 （对端是64513，假的EGP）
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 as-number 64512
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 as-number 64513
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r2-bgp]peer 12.1.1.1 as-number 1

[r3]bgp 64512
[r3-bgp]router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-bgp]confederation id 2
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 as-number 64512
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 as-number 64512
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0

[r4]bgp 64512
[r4-bgp]router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-bgp]confederation id 2
[r4-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 as-number 64512
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 as-number 64513
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 ebgp-max-hop 2

[r5]bgp 64513
[r5-bgp]router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-bgp]confederation id 2
[r5-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 as-number 64512
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 as-number 64513
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0

[r6]bgp 64513
[r6-bgp]router-id 6.6.6.6
[r6-bgp]confederation id 2
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 as-number 64513
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 as-number 64513
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0

[r7]bgp 64513
[r7-bgp]router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-bgp]confederation id 2
[r7-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 as-number 64512
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 as-number 64513
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r7-bgp]peer 78.1.1.2 as-number 3

[r8]bgp 3
[r8-bgp]router-id 8.8.8.8
[r8-bgp]peer 78.1.1.1 as-number 2

宣告ar1的环回并查看路由条目是否可用可优：

[r1]bgp 1
[r1-bgp]network 10.1.1.0 24

这里r3和r5不优

解决ar3和ar5路由表条目不优
[r2]bgp 64512
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 next-hop-local
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 next-hop-local

解决IBGP 水平分割的问题
水平分割会让ar4和ar7都学不到路由，查看路由表的时候没有信息
[r3]bgp 64512
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 reflect-client （172.16.2.1作为用户）
[r6]bgp 64513
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 reflect-client （172.16.7.1 作为用户）

宣告ar8的环回并查看路由条目是否可用可优
[r8]bgp 3
[r8-bgp]network 10.1.2.0 24

这里r4和r6不优

解决ar4和ar6路由表条目不优
[r7]bgp 64513
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 next-hop-local
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 next-hop-loca

宣告as2中所有的环回

可以在as2上每个路由器上宣告自己的环回，或者是在一个路由器上宣告所有的环回，但是这样会涉及到逻辑悖论的规则，所以为了规避这种情况的发生，我们这里采用汇总的办法。需要注意的是，ar2和ar7都要汇总，要汇总一起汇总

[r2]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 21 NULL 0
[r2]bgp 64512
[r2-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 21

[r7]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 21 NULL 0
[r7]bgp 64513
[r7-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 21

完成第一条条件，使不宣告的两个环回可以互通

[r1]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]ip ad 10.1.3.1 24
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 10.1.1.1
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 10.1.2.1

[r8]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[r8-Tunnel0/0/0]ip ad 10.1.3.2 24
[r8-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre
[r8-Tunnel0/0/0]source 10.1.2.1
[r8-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 10.1.1.1

[r1]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 10.1.3.2

[r8]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 Tunnel 0/0/0

测试一下，两个不宣告的环回是否能通