切边
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
Mat src, gray_src, dst;
int threshold_value = 100;
int max_level = 255;
const char* output_win = "Contours Result";
const char* roi_win = "Final Result";
void FindROI(int, void*);
void Check_Skew(int, void*);
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
src = imread("D:/test3.jfif");
if (src.empty()) {
printf("could not load image...\n");
return -1;
}
namedWindow("input image", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
imshow("input image", src);
namedWindow(output_win,WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
Check_Skew(0, 0);
namedWindow(roi_win, WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
createTrackbar("Threshold:", output_win, &threshold_value, max_level, FindROI);
FindROI(0, 0);
waitKey(0);
return 0;
}
void Check_Skew(int, void*) {//旋转变正
//旋转需要找到图片最大的轮廓,然后对轮廓进行旋转
Mat canny_output;
cvtColor(src, gray_src, COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
Canny(gray_src, canny_output, threshold_value, threshold_value * 2, 3, false);
//找轮廓最大的
vector<vector<Point>> contours;
vector<Vec4i> hireachy;
findContours(canny_output, contours, hireachy, RETR_TREE, CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE, Point(0, 0));
Mat drawImg = Mat::zeros(src.size(), CV_8UC3);
float maxw = 0;
float maxh = 0;
double degree = 0;
for (size_t t = 0; t < contours.size(); t++) {
RotatedRect minRect = minAreaRect(contours[t]);
degree = abs(minRect.angle);
if (degree > 0) {
maxw = max(maxw, minRect.size.width);
maxh = max(maxh, minRect.size.height);
}
}
RNG rng(12345);
for (size_t t = 0; t < contours.size(); t++) {
RotatedRect minRect = minAreaRect(contours[t]);
if (maxw == minRect.size.width && maxh == minRect.size.height) {
degree = minRect.angle;
Point2f pts[4];
minRect.points(pts);
Scalar color = Scalar(rng.uniform(0, 255), rng.uniform(0, 255), rng.uniform(0, 255));
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
line(drawImg, pts[i], pts[(i + 1) % 4], color, 2, 8, 0);
}
}
}
printf("max contours width : %f\n", maxw);
printf("max contours height : %f\n", maxh);
printf("max contours angle : %f\n", degree);
imshow(output_win, drawImg);
//旋转
Point2f center(src.cols / 2, src.rows / 2);
Mat rotm = getRotationMatrix2D(center, degree, 1.0);
Mat dst;
warpAffine(src, dst, rotm, src.size(), INTER_LINEAR, 0, Scalar(255, 255, 255));
imshow("Correct Image", dst);
}
void FindROI(int, void*) {//提取轮廓,切边
cvtColor(src, gray_src, COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
Mat canny_output;
Canny(gray_src, canny_output, threshold_value, threshold_value * 2, 3, false);
vector<vector<Point>> contours;
vector<Vec4i> hireachy;
findContours(canny_output, contours, hireachy, RETR_TREE, CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE, Point(0, 0));
int minw = src.cols * 0.75;
int minh = src.rows * 0.75;
RNG rng(12345);
Mat drawImage1 = Mat::zeros(src.size(), CV_8UC3);
Rect bbox;
for (size_t t = 0; t < contours.size(); t++) {
RotatedRect minRect = minAreaRect(contours[t]);
float degree = abs(minRect.angle);
if (minRect.size.width > minw && minRect.size.height > minh && minRect.size.width < (src.cols - 5)) {
printf("current angle : %f\n", degree);
Point2f pts[4];
minRect.points(pts);
bbox = minRect.boundingRect();
Scalar color = Scalar(rng.uniform(0, 255), rng.uniform(0, 255), rng.uniform(0, 255));
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
line(drawImage1, pts[i], pts[(i + 1) % 4], color, 2, 8, 0);
}
}
}
imshow(output_win, drawImage1);
if (bbox.width > 0 && bbox.height > 0) {
Mat roiImg = src(bbox);
imshow(roi_win, roiImg);
}
return;
}
直线检测
#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include<iostream>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
const char* output_lines = "j=Hough Line";
Mat src, gray_src, roiImage,dst;
int threshold_value = 5;
int threshold_max = 255;
void detectLines(int ,void*);//此方法不好,准确的太差
void morhpologyLines(int, void*);
int main() {
src = imread("D:/test4.png",0);
if (src.empty()) {
printf("could not load image.../n");
return -1;
}
namedWindow("input", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
imshow("input", src);
//namedWindow(output_lines, WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
Rect roi = Rect(5, 5, src.cols - 10, src.rows - 10);
roiImage = src(roi);
imshow("ROI image", roiImage);
//createTrackbar("threshold:",output_lines,&threshold_value,threshold_max,detectLines);
//detectLines(0,0);
morhpologyLines(0,0);
waitKey(0);
return 0;
}
//方法一,不好,准确度不高
void detectLines(int, void*) {
Canny(src,dst,threshold_value,threshold_value*2,3,false);
vector<Vec4i>lines;
HoughLinesP(dst, lines, 1, CV_PI / 180.0, 30, 30.0, 0);
cvtColor(dst, dst, COLOR_GRAY2BGR);
for (size_t t = 0; t < lines.size(); t++) {
Vec4i ln = lines[t];
line(dst, Point(ln[0], ln[1]), Point(ln[2], ln[3]), Scalar(0, 0, 255), 2, 8, 0);
}
imshow(output_lines, dst);
}
//方法二
void morhpologyLines(int, void*) {
//binary imager 二值化图像
Mat binaryImage, morhpImage;
threshold(roiImage, binaryImage, 0, 255, THRESH_BINARY_INV | THRESH_OTSU);
imshow("binnary_image", binaryImage);
//morptology operation形态学变化
Mat kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(20, 1), Point(-1, -1));
morphologyEx(binaryImage, morhpImage, MORPH_RECT, kernel, Point(-1, -1));
imshow("morphology result", morhpImage);
kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT,Size(3,3),Point(-1,-1));
dilate(morhpImage, morhpImage, kernel);//膨胀
//erode(morhpImage, morhpImage, kernel);//腐蚀
imshow("morphology lines", morhpImage);
//霍夫变换
vector<Vec4i>lines;
HoughLinesP(morhpImage,lines,1,CV_PI/180.0,30,20.0,0);
Mat resultImage = roiImage.clone();
cvtColor(resultImage,resultImage,COLOR_GRAY2BGR);
for (size_t t = 0; t < lines.size(); t++) {
Vec4i ln = lines[t];
line(resultImage, Point(ln[0], ln[1]), Point(ln[2], ln[3]), Scalar(0, 0, 255), 2, 8, 0);
}
imshow(output_lines,resultImage);
return;
}
对象提取
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
Mat src, binary, dst;
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
src = imread("D:/gloomyfish/case3.png", IMREAD_GRAYSCALE);
if (src.empty()) {
printf("could not load image...\n");
return -1;
}
namedWindow("input image", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
imshow("input image", src);
// 二值化
threshold(src, binary, 0, 255, THRESH_BINARY | THRESH_OTSU);
imshow("binary image", binary);
// 形态学操作
Mat kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(3, 3), Point(-1, -1));
morphologyEx(binary, dst, MORPH_CLOSE, kernel, Point(-1, -1));
imshow("close image", dst);
kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(3, 3), Point(-1, -1));
morphologyEx(dst, dst, MORPH_OPEN, kernel, Point(-1, -1));
imshow("open image", dst);
vector<vector<Point>> contours;
vector<Vec4i> hireachy;
findContours(dst, contours, hireachy, RETR_TREE, CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE, Point());
Mat resultImage = Mat::zeros(src.size(), CV_8UC3);
Point cc;
for (size_t t = 0; t < contours.size(); t++) {
// 面积过滤
double area = contourArea(contours[t]);
if (area < 100) continue;
// 横纵比过滤
Rect rect = boundingRect(contours[t]);
float ratio = float(rect.width) / float(rect.height);
if (ratio < 1.1 && ratio > 0.9) {
drawContours(resultImage, contours, t, Scalar(0, 0, 255), -1, 8, Mat(), 0, Point());
printf("circle area : %f\n", area);
printf("circle length : %f\n", arcLength(contours[t], true));
int x = rect.x + rect.width / 2;
int y = rect.y + rect.height / 2;
cc = Point(x, y);
circle(resultImage, cc, 2, Scalar(0, 0, 255), 2, 8, 0);
}
}
imshow("Result", resultImage);
Mat circleImage = src.clone();
cvtColor(circleImage, circleImage, COLOR_GRAY2BGR);
circle(circleImage, cc, 2, Scalar(0, 0, 255), 2, 8, 0);
imshow("Final Result", circleImage);
// detect circle
/*vector<Vec3f> myCircles;
Mat gray_result;
cvtColor(resultImage, gray_result, COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
HoughCircles(gray_result, myCircles, HOUGH_GRADIENT, 1, 7, 50, 20, 23, 100);
Mat circleImage = src.clone();
cvtColor(circleImage, circleImage, COLOR_GRAY2BGR);
for (int i = 0; i < myCircles.size(); i++) {
Vec3f circleInfo = myCircles[i];
circle(circleImage, Point(circleInfo[0], circleInfo[1]), circleInfo[2], Scalar(0, 0, 255), 1, 8, 0);
}
*/
waitKey(0);
return 0;
}
对象计数
#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include<iostream>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
int main() {
Mat src,gray_src,dst,binary;
src = imread("D:/test6.jfif");
if (src.empty()) {
printf("could not load image..\n");
return -1;
}
namedWindow("input",WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
imshow("input",src);
cvtColor(src, gray_src, COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
imshow("gray_image", gray_src);
//二值分割
threshold(gray_src, binary, 0, 255, THRESH_BINARY | THRESH_OTSU);
//THRESH_TRIANGLE用于多峰,THRESH_OTSU用于单峰
imshow("binary", binary);
//形态学变化
Mat kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT,Size(3,3),Point(-1,-1));
dilate(binary,binary,kernel,Point(-1,-1),1);
imshow("dilate iamge",binary);
//距离变换
Mat dist;
//bitwise_not(binary, binary);//像素取反
distanceTransform(binary,dist,DIST_L2,3);//距离变换
normalize(dist, dist, 0, 1.0, NORM_MINMAX);//归一化
imshow("dist image", dist);
//阈值化二值分割
Mat dist_8u;
dist.convertTo(dist_8u, CV_8U);
adaptiveThreshold(dist_8u, dist_8u, 255, ADAPTIVE_THRESH_GAUSSIAN_C, THRESH_BINARY, 85, 0.0);
kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(3, 3), Point(-1, -1));
dilate(dist_8u, dist_8u, kernel, Point(-1, -1), 2);
imshow("dist-binary", dist_8u);
// 连通区域计数
vector<vector<Point>> contours;
findContours(dist_8u, contours, RETR_EXTERNAL, CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE);
// draw result
Mat markers = Mat::zeros(src.size(), CV_8UC3);
RNG rng(12345);
for (size_t t = 0; t < contours.size(); t++) {
drawContours(markers, contours, static_cast<int>(t), Scalar(rng.uniform(0, 255), rng.uniform(0, 255), rng.uniform(0, 255)),
-1, 8, Mat());
}
printf("number of corns : %d", contours.size());
imshow("Final result", markers);
waitKey();
return 0;
}
透视矫正
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
Mat src = imread("D:/test7.png");
if (src.empty()) {
printf("could not load image...\n");
return 0;
}
namedWindow("input image", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
imshow("input image", src);
// 二值处理
Mat gray_src, binary, dst;
cvtColor(src, gray_src, COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
threshold(gray_src, binary, 0, 255, THRESH_BINARY_INV | THRESH_OTSU);
imshow("binary image", binary);
// 形态学操作
Mat kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(5, 5), Point(-1, -1));
morphologyEx(binary, dst, MORPH_CLOSE, kernel, Point(-1, -1), 3);
imshow("morphology", dst);
// 轮廓发现
bitwise_not(dst, dst, Mat());
vector<vector<Point>> contours;
vector<Vec4i> hireachy;
findContours(dst, contours, hireachy, RETR_TREE, CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE, Point());
// 轮廓绘t制
int width = src.cols;
int height = src.rows;
Mat drawImage = Mat::zeros(src.size(), CV_8UC3);
for (size_t t = 0; t < contours.size(); t++) {
Rect rect = boundingRect(contours[t]);
if (rect.width > width / 2 && rect.width < width - 5) {
drawContours(drawImage, contours, static_cast<int>(t), Scalar(0, 0, 255), 2, 8, hireachy, 0, Point());
}
}
imshow("contours", drawImage);
vector<Vec4i> lines;
Mat contoursImg;
int accu = min(width * 0.5, height * 0.5);
cvtColor(drawImage, contoursImg, COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
HoughLinesP(contoursImg, lines, 1, CV_PI / 180.0, accu, accu, 0);
Mat linesImage = Mat::zeros(src.size(), CV_8UC3);
for (size_t t = 0; t < lines.size(); t++) {
Vec4i ln = lines[t];
line(linesImage, Point(ln[0], ln[1]), Point(ln[2], ln[3]), Scalar(0, 0, 255), 2, 8, 0);
}
printf("number of lines : %d\n", lines.size());
imshow("lines image", linesImage);
// 寻找与定位上下左右四条直线
int deltah = 0;
Vec4i topLine, bottomLine;
Vec4i leftLine, rightLine;
for (int i = 0; i < lines.size(); i++) {
Vec4i ln = lines[i];
deltah = abs(ln[3] - ln[1]);
if (ln[3] < height / 2.0 && ln[1] < height / 2.0 && deltah < accu - 1) {
if (topLine[3] > ln[3] && topLine[3] > 0) {
topLine = lines[i];
}
else {
topLine = lines[i];
}
}
if (ln[3] > height / 2.0 && ln[1] > height / 2.0 && deltah < accu - 1) {
bottomLine = lines[i];
}
if (ln[0] < width / 2.0 && ln[2] < width / 2.0) {
leftLine = lines[i];
}
if (ln[0] > width / 2.0 && ln[2] > width / 2.0) {
rightLine = lines[i];
}
}
cout << "top line : p1(x, y) = " << topLine[0] << "," << topLine[1] << " p2(x, y) = " << topLine[2] << "," << topLine[3] << endl;
cout << "bottom line : p1(x, y) = " << bottomLine[0] << "," << bottomLine[1] << " p2(x, y) = " << bottomLine[2] << "," << bottomLine[3] << endl;
cout << "left line : p1(x, y) = " << leftLine[0] << "," << leftLine[1] << " p2(x, y) = " << leftLine[2] << "," << leftLine[3] << endl;
cout << "right line : p1(x, y) = " << rightLine[0] << "," << rightLine[1] << " p2(x, y) = " << rightLine[2] << "," << rightLine[3] << endl;
// 拟合四条直线方程
float k1, c1;
k1 = float(topLine[3] - topLine[1]) / float(topLine[2] - topLine[0]);
c1 = topLine[1] - k1 * topLine[0];
float k2, c2;
k2 = float(bottomLine[3] - bottomLine[1]) / float(bottomLine[2] - bottomLine[0]);
c2 = bottomLine[1] - k2 * bottomLine[0];
float k3, c3;
k3 = float(leftLine[3] - leftLine[1]) / float(leftLine[2] - leftLine[0]);
c3 = leftLine[1] - k3 * leftLine[0];
float k4, c4;
k4 = float(rightLine[3] - rightLine[1]) / float(rightLine[2] - rightLine[0]);
c4 = rightLine[1] - k4 * rightLine[0];
// 四条直线交点
Point p1; // 左上角
p1.x = static_cast<int>((c1 - c3) / (k3 - k1));
p1.y = static_cast<int>(k1 * p1.x + c1);
Point p2; // 右上角
p2.x = static_cast<int>((c1 - c4) / (k4 - k1));
p2.y = static_cast<int>(k1 * p2.x + c1);
Point p3; // 左下角
p3.x = static_cast<int>((c2 - c3) / (k3 - k2));
p3.y = static_cast<int>(k2 * p3.x + c2);
Point p4; // 右下角
p4.x = static_cast<int>((c2 - c4) / (k4 - k2));
p4.y = static_cast<int>(k2 * p4.x + c2);
cout << "p1(x, y)=" << p1.x << "," << p1.y << endl;
cout << "p2(x, y)=" << p2.x << "," << p2.y << endl;
cout << "p3(x, y)=" << p3.x << "," << p3.y << endl;
cout << "p4(x, y)=" << p4.x << "," << p4.y << endl;
// 显示四个点坐标
circle(linesImage, p1, 2, Scalar(255, 0, 0), 2, 8, 0);
circle(linesImage, p2, 2, Scalar(255, 0, 0), 2, 8, 0);
circle(linesImage, p3, 2, Scalar(255, 0, 0), 2, 8, 0);
circle(linesImage, p4, 2, Scalar(255, 0, 0), 2, 8, 0);
line(linesImage, Point(topLine[0], topLine[1]), Point(topLine[2], topLine[3]), Scalar(0, 255, 0), 2, 8, 0);
imshow("four corners", linesImage);
// 透视变换
vector<Point2f> src_corners(4);
src_corners[0] = p1;
src_corners[1] = p2;
src_corners[2] = p3;
src_corners[3] = p4;
vector<Point2f> dst_corners(4);
dst_corners[0] = Point(0, 0);
dst_corners[1] = Point(width, 0);
dst_corners[2] = Point(0, height);
dst_corners[3] = Point(width, height);
// 获取透视变换矩阵
Mat resultImage;
Mat warpmatrix = getPerspectiveTransform(src_corners, dst_corners);
warpPerspective(src, resultImage, warpmatrix, resultImage.size(), INTER_LINEAR);
namedWindow("Final Result", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
imshow("Final Result", resultImage);
waitKey(0);
return 0;
}
目标提取与测量
#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include<iostream>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
int main() {
Mat src, gray_src, binnary,dst;
src = imread("D:/test8.png");
if (src.empty()) {
printf("could not load image...\n");
return -1;
}
namedWindow("input_image",WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
imshow("input_image",src);
Mat blurImage;
GaussianBlur(src, blurImage, Size(15, 15), 0, 0);
imshow("blur", blurImage);
cvtColor(blurImage, gray_src, COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
imshow("gray_src", gray_src);
threshold(gray_src,binnary,0,255,THRESH_BINARY|THRESH_TRIANGLE);
imshow("binnary",binnary);
//形态学操作
Mat morphImage;
Mat kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT,Size(3,3),Point(-1,-1));
morphologyEx(binnary, morphImage, MORPH_CLOSE, kernel, Point(-1, -1), 2);
imshow("morph_image",morphImage);
//获取最大轮廓
vector<vector<Point>> contours;
vector<Vec4i> hireachy;
findContours(morphImage, contours, hireachy, RETR_TREE, CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE, Point());
Mat conImage = Mat::zeros(src.size(), CV_8UC3);
for (size_t t = 0; t < contours.size(); t++) {
Rect rect = boundingRect(contours[t]);
if (rect.width < src.cols / 2)continue;
if (rect.width > (src.cols - 20))continue;
double area = contourArea(contours[t]);//计算轮廓面积
double len = arcLength(contours[t],true);//计算周长
drawContours(conImage,contours,static_cast<int>(t),Scalar(0,0,255),1,8,hireachy);
printf("area of star could:%f\n",area);
printf("length of star could:%f\n", len);
}
imshow("result",conImage);
waitKey(0);
return 0;
}