STM32F407HAL库使用SPI+DMA驱动LVGL刷屏

#本篇为避坑指南

1、使用HAL库配置SPI+DMA代码

 代码解释：配置SPI1和DMA发送以及DMA接收（坑#一定要是发送和接收都配置，不管你是不是只用一个#）；

DMA发送数据的类型有字节、半字、字三种类型，应当选取与SPI配置的相同类型，例如这里SPI配置的为字节，所以对应的DMA也应该配置为字节；

因为SPI要和DMA连接到一起，所以内存的地址要自增，但外设的地址不允许自增；

中断使能要求SPI的中断优先级小于DMA的优先级

本次实验使用的为ST7789V的屏幕驱动IC，要想实现高效率的数据发送，需将时钟稳定状态（CLKPolarity）设置为低电平；时钟捕获边沿设置为（SPI_PHASE_1EDGE），此时满足ST7789V手册上所说的4Line SPI 的连续发送时序

########此处为stm32f4xx_hal_msp.c文件##########

void HAL_SPI_MspInit(SPI_HandleTypeDef* hspi)
{
  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
  if(hspi->Instance==SPI1)
  {
  /* USER CODE BEGIN SPI1_MspInit 0 */

  /* USER CODE END SPI1_MspInit 0 */
    /* Peripheral clock enable */
    __HAL_RCC_SPI1_CLK_ENABLE();

    __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
    /**SPI1 GPIO Configuration
    PA5     ------> SPI1_SCK
    PA7     ------> SPI1_MOSI
    */
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_5|GPIO_PIN_7;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_VERY_HIGH;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF5_SPI1;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);

    /* SPI1 DMA Init */
    /* SPI1_TX Init */
    hdma_spi1_tx.Instance = DMA2_Stream5;
    hdma_spi1_tx.Init.Channel = DMA_CHANNEL_3;
    hdma_spi1_tx.Init.Direction = DMA_MEMORY_TO_PERIPH;
    hdma_spi1_tx.Init.PeriphInc = DMA_PINC_DISABLE;
    hdma_spi1_tx.Init.MemInc = DMA_MINC_ENABLE;
    hdma_spi1_tx.Init.PeriphDataAlignment = DMA_PDATAALIGN_BYTE;
    hdma_spi1_tx.Init.MemDataAlignment = DMA_MDATAALIGN_BYTE;
    hdma_spi1_tx.Init.Mode = DMA_NORMAL;
    hdma_spi1_tx.Init.Priority = DMA_PRIORITY_HIGH;
    hdma_spi1_tx.Init.FIFOMode = DMA_FIFOMODE_DISABLE;
    if (HAL_DMA_Init(&hdma_spi1_tx) != HAL_OK)
    {
      Error_Handler();
    }

    __HAL_LINKDMA(hspi,hdmatx,hdma_spi1_tx);

    /* SPI1_RX Init */
    hdma_spi1_rx.Instance = DMA2_Stream0;
    hdma_spi1_rx.Init.Channel = DMA_CHANNEL_3;
    hdma_spi1_rx.Init.Direction = DMA_PERIPH_TO_MEMORY;
    hdma_spi1_rx.Init.PeriphInc = DMA_PINC_DISABLE;
    hdma_spi1_rx.Init.MemInc = DMA_MINC_ENABLE;
    hdma_spi1_rx.Init.PeriphDataAlignment = DMA_PDATAALIGN_BYTE;
    hdma_spi1_rx.Init.MemDataAlignment = DMA_MDATAALIGN_BYTE;
    hdma_spi1_rx.Init.Mode = DMA_NORMAL;
    hdma_spi1_rx.Init.Priority = DMA_PRIORITY_HIGH;
    hdma_spi1_rx.Init.FIFOMode = DMA_FIFOMODE_DISABLE;
    if (HAL_DMA_Init(&hdma_spi1_rx) != HAL_OK)
    {
      Error_Handler();
    }

    __HAL_LINKDMA(hspi,hdmarx,hdma_spi1_rx);

    /* SPI1 interrupt Init */
    HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(SPI1_IRQn, 0, 3);
    HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(SPI1_IRQn);
  /* USER CODE BEGIN SPI1_MspInit 1 */
  /* DMA interrupt init */
  /* DMA2_Stream0_IRQn interrupt configuration */
  HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(DMA2_Stream0_IRQn, 0, 2);
  HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(DMA2_Stream0_IRQn);
  /* DMA2_Stream5_IRQn interrupt configuration */
  HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(DMA2_Stream5_IRQn, 0, 1);
  HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(DMA2_Stream5_IRQn);
  /* USER CODE END SPI1_MspInit 1 */
  }
}

这里有一个SPI回调函数需要自己写，HAL_SPI_TxCpltCallback函数表示SPI发送完成的回调函数，只在SPI的中断发送完成或DMA发送完成后调用，因此可以将LVGL的刷新函数lv_disp_flush_ready放在此处调用，以保证刷新的实时性。

############此处为main.c文件############ 

static void MX_SPI1_Init(void)
{

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SPI1_Init 0 */

  /* USER CODE END SPI1_Init 0 */

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SPI1_Init 1 */

  /* USER CODE END SPI1_Init 1 */
  /* SPI1 parameter configuration*/
  hspi1.Instance = SPI1;
  hspi1.Init.Mode = SPI_MODE_MASTER;
  hspi1.Init.Direction = SPI_DIRECTION_1LINE;
  hspi1.Init.DataSize = SPI_DATASIZE_8BIT;
  hspi1.Init.CLKPolarity = SPI_POLARITY_LOW;
  hspi1.Init.CLKPhase = SPI_PHASE_1EDGE;
  hspi1.Init.NSS = SPI_NSS_SOFT;
  hspi1.Init.BaudRatePrescaler = SPI_BAUDRATEPRESCALER_2;
  hspi1.Init.FirstBit = SPI_FIRSTBIT_MSB;
  hspi1.Init.TIMode = SPI_TIMODE_DISABLE;
  hspi1.Init.CRCCalculation = SPI_CRCCALCULATION_DISABLE;
  hspi1.Init.CRCPolynomial = 7;
  if (HAL_SPI_Init(&hspi1) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /* USER CODE BEGIN SPI1_Init 2 */

  /* USER CODE END SPI1_Init 2 */

}
static void MX_DMA_Init(void)
{

  /* DMA controller clock enable */
  __HAL_RCC_DMA2_CLK_ENABLE();

}
void HAL_SPI_TxCpltCallback(SPI_HandleTypeDef *hspi)
{
  /* Turn LED4 on: Transfer in transmission process is correct */
  lv_disp_flush_ready(&disp_drv1);
  /* Turn LED6 on: Transfer in reception process is correct */
}

至此SPI+DMA配置完毕；其余的ST7789V的驱动以及LVGL需要自己根据情况更改，这里不再赘述，点赞+关注了解更多