源码安装mysql

使用源码安装mysql，这里选择的版本是mysql5.7.35 ,系统是Centos7.6

官网下载地址：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

1. 下载源码压缩包

    [root@localhost ~]# cd /opt
    [root@localhost opt]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-boost-5.7.35.tar.gz
    [root@localhost opt]# tar -xf mysql-boost-5.7.35.tar.gz
   

2. 下载依赖软件

    [root@localhost ~]# yum install -y  cmake gcc  gcc-c++ ncurses-devel perl-Data-Dumper boost boost-doc boost-devel bzip2 openssl-devel libtirpc-devel.x86_64
   

3. 编译安装

    [root@localhost opt]# cd mysql-5.7.35/
   

   ## 新建目录，存放编译产生的中间文件。因为不允许在源码目录下进行编译

    [root@localhost mysql-5.7.35]# mkdir builder
    [root@localhost mysql-5.7.35]# cd builder/
   

   ## 编辑源码

    cmake ../ -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc -DMYSQL_USER=mysql -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci -DWITH_DEBUG=0 -DMYSQL_MAINTAINER_MODE=0 -DWITH_SYSTEMD=1 -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 -DWITH_BOOST=../boost
   

• -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql 指定安装目录

• -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql 数据存放目录

• -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc 配置文件存放目录

• -DMYSQL_USER=mysql 启动用户

• -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 安装MyISAM引擎

• -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 安装InnoDB引擎

• -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 安装Archive引擎

• -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 安装Memory引擎

• -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 安装Federated引擎

• -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 安装Partition引擎

• -DWITH_READLINE=1 MySQL的readline library

• -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock sock文件的路径

• -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 MySQL的监听端口

• -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 启用加载本地数据

• -DENABLE_DOWNLOADS=1 编译时允许自主下载相关文件

• -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all 使MySQL支持所有的扩展字符

• -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 设置默认字符集为utf8mb4

• -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci 设置默认字符校对

• -DWITH_DEBUG=0 禁用调试模式

• -DMYSQL_MAINTAINER_MODE=0 是否启用mysql维护器特定的开发环境

• -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 允许在线更新boost库

• -DWITH_BOOST=…/boost 指定boost安装路径

  ## 生成二进制安装程序

    [root@localhost builder]# make
  

  ## 安装

    [root@localhost builder]# make install
  

4. 创建用户，创建目录，并授权
   ## 创建数据存放目录，编译的时候有指定目录，这里创建指定的目录即可

      [root@localhost builder]# mkdir -p  /data/mysql
   

   ## 创建日志存放目录，pid存放目录

      [root@localhost builder]# mkdir -p /var/log/mysqld /var/run/mysqld
      [root@localhost builder]# touch /var/run/mysqld/mysql.pid  
      [root@localhost builder]# touch /var/log/mysqld/mysqld.log
   

   ## 创建用户

      useradd --system -s /sbin/nologin mysql
   

   # 授权目录权限给用户

      [root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log/mysqld		# 日志目录
      [root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/run/mysqld		# 存放目录
      [root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/	# 安装目录
      [root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/        # 数据存放目录
   

5. 修改配置文件

    [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
   

   [mysqld]
   basedir=/usr/local/mysql
   datadir=/data/mysql
   socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
   
   [mysqld_safe]
   log-error=/var/log/mysqld/mysqld.log
   pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysql.pid
   

6. 设置环境变量

    [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/profile
   

   # mysql 
   export MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql
   export PATH=$PATH:$MYSQL_HOME/bin
   

   ## 加载环境变量，并测试

    source /etc/profile
    mysql --version
   

     mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.35, for Linux (x86_64) using  EditLine wrapper
   

7. 初始化数据库

   ## 初始化数据库，并生成临时密码

    [root@localhost ~]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql
   

   2023-11-30T02:02:22.576131Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
   2023-11-30T02:02:23.167149Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
   2023-11-30T02:02:23.259734Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
   2023-11-30T02:02:23.324006Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 808acff3-8f24-11ee-a4dd-000c29b3fe28.
   2023-11-30T02:02:23.325188Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
   2023-11-30T02:02:23.765959Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
   2023-11-30T02:02:23.766008Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
   2023-11-30T02:02:23.766902Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
   2023-11-30T02:02:24.007794Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Vm;n/i<44P(P
   

8. 将mysql加入到systemd进程中

    [root@localhost ~]# cd /opt/mysql-5.7.35/builder
    [root@localhost builder]# cp scripts/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
   

9. 启动mysql并修改密码

   ## 启动mysql并加入到开启自启

    [root@localhost ~]# systemctl  start mysqld 
    [root@localhost ~]# systemctl  enable mysqld 
   

   ## 修改mysql密码
   在mysql初始化的时候会生成临时密码

    [root@localhost log]# mysql -uroot -p'Vm;n/i<44P(P'
   

   mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
   Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
   Your MySQL connection id is 2
   Server version: 5.7.35
   
   Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
   
   Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
   affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
   owners.
   
   Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
   
   mysql>
   

    mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'your_password';		# your_password 设置为你的密码
    mysql> use mysql;			
    mysql> update user set host ='%' where user='root';			# 设置root可远程访问，如不需要可忽略
    mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;		# 刷新权限表
   

   ## 登录测试

    [root@localhost log]# mysql -uroot -p'your_password'
   

   mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
   Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
   Your MySQL connection id is 3
   Server version: 5.7.35 Source distribution
   
   Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
   
   Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
   affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
   owners.
   
   Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
   
   mysql>