设计复数类

最新推荐文章于 2023-11-23 21:29:52 发布

基本模型与排列组合

最新推荐文章于 2023-11-23 21:29:52 发布

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分类专栏： C++ 文章标签： c++

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_50832904/article/details/120593173

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本文展示了三个C++代码示例，分别实现了复数类的不同版本，包括构造函数、析构函数、显示复数、加法和减法操作。通过对比，探讨了代码的优缺点，如直观性、成员函数的使用以及const关键字的意义。同时，还讨论了代码中析构函数调用次数过多的问题。

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代码一

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

class Complex{
public:
	double real;
	double imaginary;
public:
	Complex(double r = 0, double i = 0);
	Complex(const Complex& c);
	~Complex();
	void show(void);
};

Complex::Complex(double r,double i){//带默认参数，不填写参数就调用默认参
	real = r;
	imaginary = i;
}

Complex::Complex(const Complex& c) {
	real = c.real;
	imaginary = c.imaginary;
}

Complex::~Complex(void) {
	cout << "析构完成" << endl;
}

void Complex::show(void) {
	cout << real << "+" << imaginary << "i" << endl;
}

Complex add(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2) {
	Complex x;	 
	x.real = c1.real + c2.real;
	x.imaginary = c1.imaginary + c2.imaginary;
	return x;
}

Complex sub(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2) {
	Complex x;
	x.real = c1.real - c2.real;
	x.imaginary = c1.imaginary - c2.imaginary;
	return x;
}

int main(void) {
	Complex c1(1, 2);
	c1.show();
	Complex c2(2, 2);
	c2.show();
	Complex c3;
	c3=add(c1,c2);
	c3.show();
	return 0;
}

代码二

代码三


#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

class Complex{
private:
	double real;
	double imaginary;
public:
	Complex(double r = 0, double i = 0);
	Complex(const Complex& c);
	~Complex();
	void show();
	void add(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2);
	void sub(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2);
};

Complex::Complex(double r,double i){//带默认参数，不填写参数就调用默认参
	real = r;
	imaginary = i;
}

Complex::Complex(const Complex& c) {
	real = c.real;
	imaginary = c.imaginary;
}

Complex::~Complex(void) {
	cout << real << "+" << imaginary << "i"<< "析构完成" << endl;
}

void Complex::show(void) {
	cout << real << "+" << imaginary << "i" << endl;
}

void Complex::add(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2) {
	real = c1.real + c2.real;
	imaginary = c1.imaginary + c2.imaginary;
}

void Complex::sub(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2) {
	real = c1.real - c2.real;
	imaginary = c1.imaginary - c2.imaginary;
}

int main(void) {
	Complex c1(1, 2);
	c1.show();
	Complex c2(2, 2);
	c2.show();
	Complex c3;
	c3.add(c1,c2);
	c3.show();
	return 0;
}

上面这个代码的缺点是，源程序好看懂，但是用起来不直观

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

class Complex {

private:
	double real;
	double imaginary;

public:
	Complex(double r = 0, double i = 0);
	Complex(const Complex& c);
	~Complex();
	double getReal(void) const ;//为什么要加const,把const都去掉试试
	double getImaginary(void) const ;//为什么要加const,把const都去掉试试
	void setReal(double r);
	void setImaginary(double i);
	void show(void);
};

Complex::Complex(double r, double i) {//带默认参数，不填写参数就调用默认参
	real = r;
	imaginary = i;
}
Complex::Complex(const Complex& c) {
	real = c.real;
	imaginary = c.imaginary;
}
Complex::~Complex(void) {
	cout << real << "+" << imaginary << "i" << "析构完成" << endl;
}
void Complex::show(void) {
	cout << real << "+" << imaginary << "i" << endl;
}
double Complex::getReal(void) const{//为什么要加const,把const都去掉试试
	return real;
}
double Complex::getImaginary(void) const{//为什么要加const,把const都去掉试试
	return imaginary;
}

void Complex::setReal(double r) {
	real = r;
}
void Complex::setImaginary(double i) {
	imaginary = i;
}


Complex add(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2) {
	Complex x;
	x.setReal(c1.getReal() + c2.getReal());
	x.setImaginary(c1.getImaginary() + c2.getImaginary());
	return x;
}

Complex sub(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2) {
	Complex x;
	x.setReal(c1.getReal() - c2.getReal());
	x.setImaginary(c1.getImaginary() - c2.getImaginary());
	return x;
}

int main(void) {
	Complex c1(1, 2);
	c1.show();
	Complex c2(2, 2);
	c2.show();
	Complex c3;
	c3 = add(c1, c2);
	c3.show();
	return 0;
}
/*
* 为什么加const
* https://www.cnblogs.com/caiminfeng/p/4761433.html
*/
/*
1+2i
2+2i
3+4i析构完成//为什么出现两次析构
3+4i析构完成
3+4i
3+4i析构完成
2+2i析构完成
1+2i析构完成

*/

课本上代码

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

class Complex {

private:
	double real;
	double imaginary;

public:
	Complex(double r = 0, double i = 0);
	Complex(const Complex& c);
	~Complex();

	void show(void);

	Complex add(const Complex& c);
	Complex sub(const Complex& c);
};

Complex::Complex(double r, double i) {//带默认参数，不填写参数就调用默认参
	real = r;
	imaginary = i;
}
Complex::Complex(const Complex& c) {
	real = c.real;
	imaginary = c.imaginary;
}
Complex::~Complex(void) {
	cout << real << "+" << imaginary << "i" << "析构完成" << endl;
}
void Complex::show(void) {
	cout << real << "+" << imaginary << "i" << endl;
}


Complex Complex::add(const Complex& c) {
	Complex x;
	x.real = real + c.real;
	x.imaginary = imaginary + c.imaginary;
	return x;
}

Complex Complex::sub(const Complex& c) {
	Complex x;
	x.real = real - c.real;
	x.imaginary = imaginary - c.imaginary;
	return x;
}

int main(void) {

	Complex c1(1, 2);
	c1.show();

	Complex c2(2, 2);
	c2.show();

	Complex c3;
	c3 = c1.add(c2);
	c3.show();

	Complex c4;
	c4 = c1.add(c2);
	c4.show();

	return 0;
}