复习docker

dockers

介绍

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一、压缩包安装docker

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1、上传压缩包

[root@localhost ~]# ll
total 4425304
-rw-------. 1 root root       1390 Nov  6 16:14 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 4329570304 Jun  7  2019 CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  201935496 Nov  6 17:53 Docker.tar.gz

2、解压到/opt/下

[root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf Docker.tar.gz -C /opt

3、配置yum源

[root@localhost ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/* /media/
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /opt/centos
[root@localhost ~]# mount -o loop CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso /opt/centos
mount: /dev/loop0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo
[centos]
name=centos
baseurl=file:///opt/centos
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[docker]
name=docker
baseurl=file:///opt/Docker
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
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"/etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo" [New] 10L, 138C written
[root@localhost ~]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Cleaning repos: centos docker
Cleaning up everything
[root@localhost ~]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
centos                                     | 3.6 kB     00:00     
docker                                     | 2.9 kB     00:00     
(1/3): centos/group_gz                       | 155 kB   00:00     
(2/3): centos/primary_db                     | 2.8 MB   00:00     
(3/3): docker/primary_db                     | 851 kB   00:00     
Determining fastest mirrors
repo id                       repo name                     status
centos                        centos                        3,723
docker                        docker                          463
repolist: 4,186

4、安装docker

[root@localhost ~]# yum install docker-ce -y

5、开启，并设置开机自启

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start docker
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable docker
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.

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docker镜像管理

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1、镜像的获取
（1）拉取镜像
首先，配置一下仓库文件，配置加速器，

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
"registry-mirrors":["https://dhq9bx4f.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
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"/etc/docker/daemon.json" [New] 3L, 64C written
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart docker

拉取镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker pull centos
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/centos
7a0437f04f83: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:5528e8b1b1719d34604c87e11dcd1c0a20bedf46e83b5632cdeac91b8c04efc1
Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:latest
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED                  SIZE
centos              latest              300e315adb2f        Less than a second ago   209MB

（2）将tar包解压成镜像（需要本地有镜像tar包，我的就有跟多）
首先，看我有的镜像tar包

	[root@localhost images]# ll
total 1239652
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 root root   1446400 Oct 31  2019 busybox_latest.tar
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 227455488 Oct 31  2019 centos_latest.tar
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 170482176 Oct 31  2019 httpd_latest.tar
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 130066944 Oct 31  2019 nginx_latest.tar
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 128326656 Oct 31  2019 nginx.tar

然后使用不同方法导成镜像

### docker load < tar包  
[root@localhost images]# docker load < nginx_latest.tar
b67d19e65ef6: Loading layer   72.5MB/72.5MB
6eaad811af02: Loading layer  57.54MB/57.54MB
a89b8f05da3a: Loading layer  3.584kB/3.584kB
Loaded image: nginx:latest

### docker load -i  tar包   （-i 就是 -input 和 < 意思是一样的） 
[root@localhost images]# docker load -i registry_latest.tar
d9ff549177a9: Loading layer  4.671MB/4.671MB
f641ef7a37ad: Loading layer  1.587MB/1.587MB
d5974ddb5a45: Loading layer  20.08MB/20.08MB
5bbc5831d696: Loading layer  3.584kB/3.584kB
73d61bf022fd: Loading layer  2.048kB/2.048kB
Loaded image: registry:latest

### cat tar 包 | docker import - 镜像名字
[root@localhost images]# cat busybox_latest.tar | docker import - busybox
sha256:6e0417bef529384eb8ca0bffb122d29a0aaa88882255d0d66973b997308ecd83

最后查看一下

[root@localhost images]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED                  SIZE
centos              latest              300e315adb2f        Less than a second ago   209MB
busybox             latest              6e0417bef529        7 seconds ago            1.44MB
httpd               latest              d3017f59d5e2        12 months ago            165MB
nginx               latest              540a289bab6c        12 months ago            126MB

镜像太多，删几个，留两个有用的

[root@localhost images]# docker rmi busybox httpd nginx 
Untagged: busybox:latest
Deleted: sha256:6e0417bef529384eb8ca0bffb122d29a0aaa88882255d0d66973b997308ecd83
Deleted: sha256:13ffd3d57b5d03f3f3b56b015424ee136ae623d8a260b1fb6d43c57da6e20bf9
Untagged: httpd:latest
Deleted: sha256:d3017f59d5e25daba517ac35eaf4b862dce70d2af5f27bf40bef5f936c8b2e1f
Deleted: sha256:c015bdd664253fc2ccdff3a425ba085e94b99ce801d6c9c5219ffaad279362b1
Deleted: sha256:c79505e64684e42a92353a6e3430969d8a801f327d24bdde11bd99d41cbef2a0
Deleted: sha256:87158971c3545200bc870118cfa31bf5470204eea10da0b79531388b5f91cea2
Deleted: sha256:0105db3a8b98aea80771956b067b64a26bd630718141bacd6feafdc5b5c0caee
Untagged: nginx:latest
Deleted: sha256:540a289bab6cb1bf880086a9b803cf0c4cefe38cbb5cdefa199b69614525199f
Deleted: sha256:ab18af7cee69bfb22c1771e54d5e0e68b1a1bf57bb46516142da0380b1771f4a
Deleted: sha256:02f7daf1e14541cd61a3dda1a61cc0f78fee8de2984d488b8ba5bbd3cbad9b57
Deleted: sha256:b67d19e65ef653823ed62a5835399c610a40e8205c16f839c5cc567954fcf594
[root@localhost images]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED                  SIZE
centos              latest              300e315adb2f        Less than a second ago   209MB
registry            latest              f32a97de94e1        20 months ago            25.8MB

（3）本地仓库上传镜像后拉取
首先要创建一个本地仓库

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -itd -p 5000:5000 registry
52cc7ff29bb9d8230c01cc3f5d696a1a5c05bea19b690fd5e8cabbb8611c9eb6
[root@localhost ~]# curl http://192.168.200.70:5000/v2/_catalog
{"repositories":[]}
[root@localhost ~]# docker tag centos:latest 192.168.200.70:5000/centos
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                   TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED                  SIZE
192.168.200.70:5000/centos   latest              300e315adb2f        Less than a second ago   209MB
centos                       latest              300e315adb2f        Less than a second ago   209MB
registry                     latest              f32a97de94e1        20 months ago            25.8MB
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/docker/daemon.json 
{
"insecure-registries":["192.168.200.70:5000"]
}
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[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart docker
[root@localhost ~]# 

上传镜像并删除那个镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker push 192.168.200.70:5000/centos
The push refers to repository [192.168.200.70:5000/centos]
2653d992f4ef: Pushed 
latest: digest: sha256:dbbacecc49b088458781c16f3775f2a2ec7521079034a7ba499c8b0bb7f86875 size: 529
[root@localhost ~]# docker rmi 192.168.200.70:5000/centos
Untagged: 192.168.200.70:5000/centos:latest
Untagged: 192.168.200.70:5000/centos@sha256:dbbacecc49b088458781c16f3775f2a2ec7521079034a7ba499c8b0bb7f86875
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED                  SIZE
centos              latest              300e315adb2f        Less than a second ago   209MB
registry            latest              f32a97de94e1        20 months ago            25.8MB

然后从本地仓库中拉取

## 先看一下本地仓库
[root@localhost ~]# curl http://192.168.200.70:5000/v2/_catalog
{"repositories":["centos"]}
### 拉取
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull 192.168.200.70:5000/centos
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from centos
Digest: sha256:dbbacecc49b088458781c16f3775f2a2ec7521079034a7ba499c8b0bb7f86875
Status: Downloaded newer image for 192.168.200.70:5000/centos:latest
## 查看
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                   TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED                  SIZE
192.168.200.70:5000/centos   latest              300e315adb2f        Less than a second ago   209MB
centos                       latest              300e315adb2f        Less than a second ago   209MB
registry                     latest              f32a97de94e1        20 months ago            25.8MB

2、管理镜像

（1）删除镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker rmi  192.168.200.70:5000/centos
Untagged: 192.168.200.70:5000/centos:latest

（2）查看镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED                  SIZE
centos              latest              300e315adb2f        Less than a second ago   209MB
registry            latest              f32a97de94e1        20 months ago            25.8MB

（3）给镜像打标签

[root@localhost ~]# docker tag centos:latest 192.168.200.70:5000/centos

（4）运行镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -itd centos
bf418b34cdbc95e7fbf82db40272d86fd27fd908db6ed283ff0bccf4291ab796

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三、容器管理

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1、进入已经启动的容器

2、创建容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -itd --name registry -p5000:5000 registry:latest
be56cb15e2c780eee4bc63e084dc8955585ed6c12a870407b07f8ef7e0fa0661

3、查看容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                   PORTS               NAMES
7adfb6a0d69b        centos              "/bin/bash"              2 minutes ago       Up 2 minutes                                 epic_jones
bf418b34cdbc        centos              "/bin/bash"              15 minutes ago      Up 15 minutes                                heuristic_lamarr
52cc7ff29bb9        registry            "/entrypoint.sh /etc…"   5 hours ago         Exited (2) 5 hours ago                       admiring_ptolemy

4、删除容器
删除一个

[root@localhost ~]# docker rm -f 7adfb6a0d69b
7adfb6a0d69b

全部删除

[root@localhost ~]# docker rm -f $(docker ps -qa)
bf418b34cdbc
52cc7ff29bb9

5、开启容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker restart be56cb15e2c7
be56cb15e2c7
[root@localhost ~]# docker push 192.168.200.70:5000/centos
The push refers to repository [192.168.200.70:5000/centos]
2653d992f4ef: Pushed 
latest: digest: sha256:dbbacecc49b088458781c16f3775f2a2ec7521079034a7ba499c8b0bb7f86875 size: 529

6、将容器打包成容器

7、不进入容器直接执行命令

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it ad720ce49c80 ls
bin   dev  home  lib64       media  opt   root  sbin  sys  usr
data  etc  lib   lost+found  mnt    proc  run   srv   tmp  var
failed to resize tty, using default size