初步实现SpringMVC文件上传功能
功能搭建梳理
1.导入jar包
2.加入文件解析器
3.成功搭建登录成功success界面
4.通过界面的"添加头像"功能跳转添加界面
5添加必要的ajaxfileupload.js组件
6.实现上传功能并将本地图库部署到Tomcat服务器中
7.获取图片通过数据库绑定用户头像添加至success界面
导入上传下载所需 jar 文件
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.3</version>
</dependency>
加入文件解析器加入spring_mvc.xml中
<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"></property><!--上传后编码-->
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="104857600"></property><!--上传大小限制-->
</bean>
搭建success界面并添加"头像添加界面"的跳转
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>信息管理系统界面</title>
<link href="css/style.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
<style type="text/css">
*{
margin: 0px;
padding: 0px;
}
</style>
<script src="js/jquery-1.8.3.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function(){
var account=window.sessionStorage.getItem("account");
var newFileName=window.sessionStorage.getItem("newFileName");
console.log(newFileName+" 111");
if(account==null){
location.replace("login.html");
return;
}
$("#accountId").html(account)
})
//安全退出功能实现
function exit(){
if(confirm("您确定要退出吗?")){
window.sessionStorage.removeItem("account");
$.get("login/loginOut",function (res) {
location.replace("login.html");
})
}}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" height="100%">
<tr style="background:url(images/topbg.gif) repeat-x;">
<td colspan="2">
<div class="topleft">
<img src="images/logo.png" title="系统首页" />
</div>
<div class="topright">
<ul>
<li><span><img src="images/help.png" title="帮助" class="helpimg"/></span><a href="#">帮助</a></li>
<li><a href="#">关于</a></li>
<li><a href="#" target="_parent" onclick="exit()">退出</a></li>
<li id="imgId"><a href="upload.html" target="rightFrame">上传头像</a></li>
</ul>
<div class="user">
<span id="accountId"></span>
</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="187" valign="top" height="100%" style="background:#f0f9fd;">
<div class="lefttop"><span></span>操作菜单</div>
<dl class="leftmenu">
<dd>
<div class="title">
<span><img src="images/leftico01.png" /></span>
<a href="">管理信息</a>
</div>
</dd>
</dl>
</td>
<td>
<iframe name="rightFrame" src="list.html" width="100%" height="600"></iframe>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
注意:在此时的upload.html(添加头像)界面我们如果想实现添加文件的功能,必须添加相关的ajaxfileupload.js组件来实现该功能
ajaxfileupload.js组件的添加
ajaxfileupload.js组件源码如下,读者可以自行导入自己的文件夹中,注意地址标清
jQuery.extend({
createUploadIframe: function(id, uri)
{
//create frame
var frameId = 'jUploadFrame' + id;
if(window.ActiveXObject) {
var io = document.createElement('<iframe id="' + frameId + '" name="' + frameId + '" />');
if(typeof uri== 'boolean'){
io.src = 'javascript:false';
}
else if(typeof uri== 'string'){
io.src = uri;
}
}
else {
var io = document.createElement('iframe');
io.id = frameId;
io.name = frameId;
}
io.style.position = 'absolute';
io.style.top = '-1000px';
io.style.left = '-1000px';
document.body.appendChild(io);
return io
},
createUploadForm: function(id, fileElementId)
{
//create form
var formId = 'jUploadForm' + id;
var fileId = 'jUploadFile' + id;
var form = $('<form action="" method="POST" name="' + formId + '" id="' + formId + '" enctype="multipart/form-data"></form>');
var oldElement = $('#' + fileElementId);
var newElement = $(oldElement).clone();
$(oldElement).attr('id', fileId);
$(oldElement).before(newElement);
$(oldElement).appendTo(form);
//set attributes
$(form).css('position', 'absolute');
$(form).css('top', '-1200px');
$(form).css('left', '-1200px');
$(form).appendTo('body');
return form;
},
//就是这个函数。
handleError: function( s, xhr, status, e ) {
// If a local callback was specified, fire it
if ( s.error ) {
s.error.call( s.context || s, xhr, status, e );
}
// Fire the global callback
if ( s.global ) {
(s.context ? jQuery(s.context) : jQuery.event).trigger( "ajaxError", [xhr, s, e] );
}
},
addOtherRequestsToForm: function(form,data)
{
// add extra parameter
var originalElement = $('<input type="hidden" name="" value="">');
for (var key in data) {
name = key;
value = data[key];
var cloneElement = originalElement.clone();
cloneElement.attr({'name':name,'value':value});
$(cloneElement).appendTo(form);
}
return form;
},
ajaxFileUpload: function(s) {
// TODO introduce global settings, allowing the client to modify them for all requests, not only timeout
s = jQuery.extend({}, jQuery.ajaxSettings, s);
var id = new Date().getTime()
var form = jQuery.createUploadForm(id, s.fileElementId);
if ( s.data ) form = jQuery.addOtherRequestsToForm(form,s.data);
var io = jQuery.createUploadIframe(id, s.secureuri);
var frameId = 'jUploadFrame' + id;
var formId = 'jUploadForm' + id;
// Watch for a new set of requests
if ( s.global && ! jQuery.active++ )
{
jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxStart" );
}
var requestDone = false;
// Create the request object
var xml = {}
if ( s.global )
jQuery.event.trigger("ajaxSend", [xml, s]);
// Wait for a response to come back
var uploadCallback = function(isTimeout)
{
var io = document.getElementById(frameId);
try
{
if(io.contentWindow)
{
xml.responseText = io.contentWindow.document.body?io.contentWindow.document.body.innerHTML:null;
xml.responseXML = io.contentWindow.document.XMLDocument?io.contentWindow.document.XMLDocument:io.contentWindow.document;
}else if(io.contentDocument)
{
xml.responseText = io.contentDocument.document.body?io.contentDocument.document.body.innerHTML:null;
xml.responseXML = io.contentDocument.document.XMLDocument?io.contentDocument.document.XMLDocument:io.contentDocument.document;
}
}catch(e)
{
jQuery.handleError(s, xml, null, e);
}
if ( xml || isTimeout == "timeout")
{
requestDone = true;
var status;
try {
status = isTimeout != "timeout" ? "success" : "error";
// Make sure that the request was successful or notmodified
if ( status != "error" )
{
// process the data (runs the xml through httpData regardless of callback)
var data = jQuery.uploadHttpData( xml, s.dataType );
// If a local callback was specified, fire it and pass it the data
if ( s.success )
s.success( data, status );
// Fire the global callback
if( s.global )
jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxSuccess", [xml, s] );
} else
jQuery.handleError(s, xml, status);
} catch(e)
{
status = "error";
jQuery.handleError(s, xml, status, e);
}
// The request was completed
if( s.global )
jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxComplete", [xml, s] );
// Handle the global AJAX counter
if ( s.global && ! --jQuery.active )
jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxStop" );
// Process result
if ( s.complete )
s.complete(xml, status);
jQuery(io).unbind()
setTimeout(function()
{ try
{
$(io).remove();
$(form).remove();
} catch(e)
{
jQuery.handleError(s, xml, null, e);
}
}, 100)
xml = null
}
}
// Timeout checker
if ( s.timeout > 0 )
{
setTimeout(function(){
// Check to see if the request is still happening
if( !requestDone ) uploadCallback( "timeout" );
}, s.timeout);
}
try
{
// var io = $('#' + frameId);
var form = $('#' + formId);
$(form).attr('action', s.url);
$(form).attr('method', 'POST');
$(form).attr('target', frameId);
if(form.encoding)
{
form.encoding = 'multipart/form-data';
}
else
{
form.enctype = 'multipart/form-data';
}
$(form).submit();
} catch(e)
{
jQuery.handleError(s, xml, null, e);
}
if(window.attachEvent){
document.getElementById(frameId).attachEvent('onload', uploadCallback);
}
else{
document.getElementById(frameId).addEventListener('load', uploadCallback, false);
}
return {abort: function () {}};
},
uploadHttpData: function( r, type ) {
var data = !type;
data = type == "xml" || data ? r.responseXML : r.responseText;
// If the type is "script", eval it in global context
if ( type == "script" )
jQuery.globalEval( data );
// Get the JavaScript object, if JSON is used.
if ( type == "json" )
{
// If you add mimetype in your response,
// you have to delete the '<pre></pre>' tag.
// The pre tag in Chrome has attribute, so have to use regex to remove
var data = r.responseText;
var rx = new RegExp("<pre.*?>(.*?)</pre>","i");
var am = rx.exec(data);
//this is the desired data extracted
var data = (am) ? am[1] : ""; //the only submatch or empty
eval( "data = " + data );
}
// evaluate scripts within html
if ( type == "html" )
jQuery("<div>").html(data).evalScripts();
//alert($('param', data).each(function(){alert($(this).attr('value'));}));
return data;
}
})
upload.html的简易构建
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<script type="application/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.8.3.min.js"></script>
<script type="application/javascript" src="js/ajaxfileupload.js"></script>
<script type="application/javascript">
function fileUpload(){
$.ajaxFileUpload({
url: 'admin/fileUpload', //用于文件上传的服务器端请求地址 调动后端接口
fileElementId: 'fileID', //文件上传域的ID
dataType: 'json', //返回值类型 一般设置为json
success: function (data){
if(data.code==200){
var account=window.sessionStorage.getItem("account");
var imgsrc="http://localhost:8080/userimg/admin/"+account+"/"+data.data.newFileName;
window.parent.document.getElementById("imgId").innerHTML="<img src='"+imgsrc+"' width='50' height='50'/>";
window.sessionStorage.setItem("newFileName",imgsrc);
}
}}
)
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
上传头像
<input type="file" name="fileName" accept=".jpg,.png,.gif" id="fileID">//限制添加文件的格式
<input type="button" value="上传头像" onclick="fileUpload()">
</body>
</html>
通过服务器地址访问,我们进行编写Service层代码,在此期间我们还有一个问题还就是如何避免上传的图片重名?
我们可以通过编写一个util组件根据时间生成随机数用于给图片重命名
防止重名添加Util组件代码
package com.qn.ssm.util;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.UUID;
import java.util.logging.SimpleFormatter;
public class Stringutil {
public static String subFileType(String fileName){
if (fileName!=null){
return fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf(".")+1);
}
return null;
}
public static String newFileName(String oldFileName){
// UUID uuid=UUID.randomUUID();//字母与数字组合的随机数
Date date=new Date();
SimpleDateFormat sdf=new SimpleDateFormat ("yyyyMMddHHmmssSSS");
return sdf.format(date)+"."+subFileType(oldFileName);
}
}
package com.qn.ssm.controller;
import com.qn.ssm.common.CommonResult;
import com.qn.ssm.model.Admin;
import com.qn.ssm.service.AdminService;
import com.qn.ssm.util.Stringutil;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartFile;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
@Controller
@RequestMapping(path = "/admin")
public class AdminController {
@Autowired
AdminService adminService;
/*apache文件+springmvc组件*/
@ResponseBody
@PostMapping(path = "/fileUpload")
public CommonResult fileUpload(@RequestParam("fileName") CommonsMultipartFile file, HttpSession session){
CommonResult commonResult=null;
System.out.println(file.getOriginalFilename());
Admin admin=(Admin)session.getAttribute("admin");
File f0=new File("D:\\userimg\\admin\\"+admin.getAccount());
if (!f0.exists()){
f0.mkdir();
}
String oldFileName=file.getOriginalFilename();
String newFileName= Stringutil.newFileName(oldFileName);//避免文件重名,生成新文件名
File f=new File(f0,newFileName);
try {
file.transferTo(f);
//保存用户与文件的关系,把文件地址响应给前端
Admin a=new Admin();
a.setId(admin.getId());
a.setNewFileName(newFileName);
a.setOldFileName(oldFileName);
adminService.updateAdmin(a);
commonResult=new CommonResult(200,"上传成功",a);
// 存储文件可能会重名,借助数据库储存文件与账号的关系
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
commonResult=new CommonResult(200,"上传失败",null);
}
return commonResult;
}
}
将图库部署至服务器上
在这里我们已经可以通过文件上传的地址调动后端接口了,我们还需要将上传的图片文件部署到服务器中
这样打开运行我们就可以将图片上传到本地图库,再上传到服务器中
将头像添加至success界面
最后一步获取图片通过数据库绑定用户头像添加至success界面
再success.html加入以下代码即可
//判断用户是否有头像
if (newFileName != "null"){
var imgsrc="http://localhost:8080/userimg/admin/"+account+"/"+newFileName;
console.log(imgsrc);
document.getElementById("imgId").innerHTML="<img src='"+imgsrc+"' width='50' height='50'/>";
}
开始验证
上传图片,点击上传
上传成功实时更新
再次重新登录
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