springboot上传图片到本地

springboot上传图片到本地

简介：本文讲解，如何使用springboot，将代码上传到本地的某个特定的文件夹。

项目的演示文件，在这个地址：https://gitee.com/geek-li-hua/code-in-blog.git

• 项目结构
  

数据库设计

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `url_database`;
CREATE TABLE `url_database`  (
  `id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '图片id',
  `url` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_bin NOT NULL COMMENT '图片的url',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_bin ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

application.properties

server.port = 8080
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=123456
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db1?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.7.15</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>ImageUploadLocally-demo</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>ImageUploadLocally-demo</name>
    <description>ImageUploadLocally-demo</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot Starter JDBC -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Project Lombok -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- MySQL Connector/J -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.32</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- MyBatis Plus Boot Starter -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- MyBatis Plus Generator -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-plus-generator</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

关键方法

这个方法就是，上传文件的核心代码。

    /**
     * 上传文件方法
     *
     * @param file 要上传的文件
     * @return 返回上传结果
     */
    public String upload(MultipartFile file) {
        if (file.isEmpty()) {
            return "No file uploaded"; // 如果文件为空，则返回提示信息"未上传文件"
        }
        String originalFilename = file.getOriginalFilename(); // 获取原始文件名
        String ext='.' + originalFilename.split("\\.")[1]; // 获取文件扩展名
        String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", ""); // 生成随机UUID
        String newFileName = uuid + ext; // 新文件名

        // 上传图片
        ApplicationHome applicationHome = new ApplicationHome(this.getClass()); // 获取应用程序的根目录
        String pre = applicationHome.getDir().getParentFile().getParentFile().getAbsolutePath() +
                "\\src\\main\\resources\\static\\images\\"; // 设置图片存储路径
        String path = pre + newFileName; // 图片完整路径
        try{
            file.transferTo(new File(path)); // 将文件保存到指定路径
        } catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace(); // 打印异常信息
        }

        return path; // 返回上传成功信息
    }

然后就是再这个基础上封装一下返回结果，和对于数据库的CRUD。

于是有了下面的代码

/**
 * <p>
 *  前端控制器
 * </p>
 *
 * @author jakelihua
 * @since 2023-09-10
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/url-database")
public class UrlDatabaseController {
    /**
     * 上传文件方法
     *
     * @param file 要上传的文件
     * @return 返回上传结果
     */
    @Autowired
    private IUrlDatabaseService urlDatabaseService;

    @PostMapping("/upload")
    public Result addFile(MultipartFile file) {
        String path = upload(file);

        if  (path.equals("No file uploaded")) {
            return Result.fail("No file uploaded");
        }
        System.out.println(path);
        if (urlDatabaseService.save(new UrlDatabase(path))){
            return Result.success(path);
        } else {
            return Result.fail("save fail");
        }
    }

    public String upload(MultipartFile file) {
        if (file.isEmpty()) {
            return "No file uploaded"; // 如果文件为空，则返回提示信息"未上传文件"
        }
        String originalFilename = file.getOriginalFilename(); // 获取原始文件名
        String ext='.' + originalFilename.split("\\.")[1]; // 获取文件扩展名
        String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", ""); // 生成随机UUID
        String newFileName = uuid + ext; // 新文件名

        // 上传图片
        ApplicationHome applicationHome = new ApplicationHome(this.getClass()); // 获取应用程序的根目录
        String pre = applicationHome.getDir().getParentFile().getParentFile().getAbsolutePath() +
                "\\src\\main\\resources\\static\\images\\"; // 设置图片存储路径
        String path = pre + newFileName; // 图片完整路径
        try{
            file.transferTo(new File(path)); // 将文件保存到指定路径
        } catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace(); // 打印异常信息
        }

        return path; // 返回上传成功信息
    }

    // 路由器首页
    @RequestMapping("/")
    public String index(){
        return "index.html";
    }
}

添加成功的标致。

• 前端测试代码

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>上传图片</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form action="/url-database/upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        <input type="file" name="file" value="上传图片">
        <input type="submit" value="上传">
    </form>
</body>
</html>