基于51单片机的DAC0832波形发生器

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已于 2022-07-13 11:19:14 修改

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文章标签： 51单片机 proteus 单片机 mcu

于 2022-07-13 11:17:34 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_51454236/article/details/125759546

版权

输出1HZ正弦波、三角波、方波、锯齿波

使用LCD1602显示

DAC0832的D0~D7数据输入口，IOUT1、IOUT2互补输出口，RFB反馈端口、

VREF基准电压值（一般是5V）。用定时器控制段码表输出速度来控制波形的频率。

（定时数值)*10^(-6)*256=波形频率。

（1）锯齿波的实现原理：锯齿波的实现过程是首先定义一个初值然后进行加法操作，加的步数的多少则根据要求的频率来进行。然后加到某个数之后就再重新设置为初值，再重复执行刚刚的操作，如此循环下去。在本程序中初值为 00H，最大值为 FFH。

（2）三角波的实现原理：三角波的实现是设置一个初值，然后进行加数，同样是加到某个数之后再进行减数，减到初值之后就再返回到先前的操作。此程序输入的 VREF 的电压是＋5V，因此该波形输出的最大频率是初值为 00H 和最终值为 FFH，且步数为 1，这样输出的波形是最大的。

（3）方波的实现原理：此波形的实现只需开始的时候设置一个初值然后直接输出这个值就行了，输出一段时间后，然后再重新置一个数据，然后再输出这个数据一段时间，但是此时的时间一定要等于前面那段时间。这样才是一个方波，如果两个时间不相同，那就相当于一个脉冲波了。

主函数和中断服务函数

#include <REGX52.H>
#include <Delay.h>
#include <LCD1602.h>
#include <data.h>
#include "Timer0.h"
#define BO  P3
#define KEY0  P1_0
#define KEY1  P1_1
#define KEY2  P1_2
#define KEY3  P1_3
#define KEY4  P1_4
unsigned int Number=1,Signal_chose=0,n=0,THHL,x,i;
unsigned int freq=3906;
void main()
{	
	Timer0Init();
	LCD_Init();
	while(1)
	{
		
//		if(KEY4==0)
//		{
//			Delay(20);	
//			while(KEY4==0);	
//			Delay(20);		
//			freq=freq/10;
//		Number=Number*10;
//		}
		
		if(KEY0==0)
		{
			TF0 = 0;
		LCD_ShowString(1,1,"sin:");
		LCD_ShowString(2,1,"FREQ:");
		LCD_ShowNum(2,8,Number,3);
		LCD_ShowString(2,11,"Hz");
			TR0 = 1;
		Signal_chose=0;
		}
		if(KEY1==0)
		{
			TF0 = 0;
		LCD_ShowString(1,1,"squ:");
		LCD_ShowString(2,1,"FREQ:");
		LCD_ShowNum(2,8,000,3);
		LCD_ShowString(2,11,"Hz");
			TR0 = 1;
		Signal_chose=2;
		}
		if(KEY2==0)
		{
			TF0 = 0;
		LCD_ShowString(1,1,"thr:");
		LCD_ShowString(2,1,"FREQ:");
		LCD_ShowNum(2,8,Number,3);
		LCD_ShowString(2,11,"Hz");
			TR0 = 1;
		Signal_chose=1;
		}
		if(KEY3==0)
		{
			TF0 = 0;
		LCD_ShowString(1,1,"jch:");
		LCD_ShowString(2,1,"FREQ:");
		LCD_ShowNum(2,8,Number,3);
		LCD_ShowString(2,11,"Hz");
			TR0 = 1;
		Signal_chose=3;
		}
			switch(Signal_chose)   
			{   
				case 0: {BO=sin[n]; break;}  //正弦波
				case 1: {BO=thr[n]; break;}  //三角波
				case 2: {
									for(i=0;i<256;i++)
									{BO=squ[i];}
									break;
								}  										//方波
				case 3: {BO=256-n;	break;}			//锯齿波
				default:{break;}   
			 }
	}
}

void Timer0_Routine() interrupt 1
{
	THHL=65536-freq;//(freq=3906)*10^(-6)*256=1Hz
	TL0=THHL%256;
	TH0=THHL/256;  
	if(n>=255) 
	{n=0;} 
	else 
	{n++;}   
}

LCD显示函数

#include <REGX52.H>
//引脚配置：
sbit LCD_RS=P2^0;
sbit LCD_RW=P2^1;
sbit LCD_EN=P2^2;
#define LCD_DataPort P0

//函数定义：
/**
  * @brief  LCD1602延时函数，12MHz调用可延时1ms
  * @param  无
  * @retval 无
  */
void LCD_Delay()
{
	unsigned char i, j;

	i = 2;
	j = 239;
	do
	{
		while (--j);
	} while (--i);
}

/**
  * @brief  LCD1602写命令
  * @param  Command 要写入的命令
  * @retval 无
  */
void LCD_WriteCommand(unsigned char Command)
{
	LCD_RS=0;
	LCD_RW=0;
	LCD_DataPort=Command;
	LCD_EN=1;
	LCD_Delay();
	LCD_EN=0;
	LCD_Delay();
}

/**
  * @brief  LCD1602写数据
  * @param  Data 要写入的数据
  * @retval 无
  */
void LCD_WriteData(unsigned char Data)
{
	LCD_RS=1;
	LCD_RW=0;
	LCD_DataPort=Data;
	LCD_EN=1;
	LCD_Delay();
	LCD_EN=0;
	LCD_Delay();
}

/**
  * @brief  LCD1602设置光标位置
  * @param  Line 行位置，范围：1~2
  * @param  Column 列位置，范围：1~16
  * @retval 无
  */
void LCD_SetCursor(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column)
{
	if(Line==1)
	{
		LCD_WriteCommand(0x80|(Column-1));
	}
	else if(Line==2)
	{
		LCD_WriteCommand(0x80|(Column-1+0x40));
	}
}

/**
  * @brief  LCD1602初始化函数
  * @param  无
  * @retval 无
  */
void LCD_Init()
{
	LCD_WriteCommand(0x38);//八位数据接口，两行显示，5*7点阵
	LCD_WriteCommand(0x0c);//显示开，光标关，闪烁关
	LCD_WriteCommand(0x06);//数据读写操作后，光标自动加一，画面不动
	LCD_WriteCommand(0x01);//光标复位，清屏
}

/**
  * @brief  在LCD1602指定位置上显示一个字符
  * @param  Line 行位置，范围：1~2
  * @param  Column 列位置，范围：1~16
  * @param  Char 要显示的字符
  * @retval 无
  */
void LCD_ShowChar(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,char Char)
{
	LCD_SetCursor(Line,Column);
	LCD_WriteData(Char);
}

/**
  * @brief  在LCD1602指定位置开始显示所给字符串
  * @param  Line 起始行位置，范围：1~2
  * @param  Column 起始列位置，范围：1~16
  * @param  String 要显示的字符串
  * @retval 无
  */
void LCD_ShowString(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,char *String)
{
	unsigned char i;
	LCD_SetCursor(Line,Column);
	for(i=0;String[i]!='\0';i++)
	{
		LCD_WriteData(String[i]);
	}
}

/**
  * @brief  返回值=X的Y次方
  */
int LCD_Pow(int X,int Y)
{
	unsigned char i;
	int Result=1;
	for(i=0;i<Y;i++)
	{
		Result*=X;
	}
	return Result;
}

/**
  * @brief  在LCD1602指定位置开始显示所给数字
  * @param  Line 起始行位置，范围：1~2
  * @param  Column 起始列位置，范围：1~16
  * @param  Number 要显示的数字，范围：0~65535
  * @param  Length 要显示数字的长度，范围：1~5
  * @retval 无
  */
void LCD_ShowNum(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,unsigned int Number,unsigned char Length)
{
	unsigned char i;
	LCD_SetCursor(Line,Column);
	for(i=Length;i>0;i--)
	{
		LCD_WriteData(Number/LCD_Pow(10,i-1)%10+'0');
	}
}

/**
  * @brief  在LCD1602指定位置开始以有符号十进制显示所给数字
  * @param  Line 起始行位置，范围：1~2
  * @param  Column 起始列位置，范围：1~16
  * @param  Number 要显示的数字，范围：-32768~32767
  * @param  Length 要显示数字的长度，范围：1~5
  * @retval 无
  */
void LCD_ShowSignedNum(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,int Number,unsigned char Length)
{
	unsigned char i;
	unsigned int Number1;
	LCD_SetCursor(Line,Column);
	if(Number>=0)
	{
		LCD_WriteData('+');
		Number1=Number;
	}
	else
	{
		LCD_WriteData('-');
		Number1=-Number;
	}
	for(i=Length;i>0;i--)
	{
		LCD_WriteData(Number1/LCD_Pow(10,i-1)%10+'0');
	}
}

/**
  * @brief  在LCD1602指定位置开始以十六进制显示所给数字
  * @param  Line 起始行位置，范围：1~2
  * @param  Column 起始列位置，范围：1~16
  * @param  Number 要显示的数字，范围：0~0xFFFF
  * @param  Length 要显示数字的长度，范围：1~4
  * @retval 无
  */
void LCD_ShowHexNum(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,unsigned int Number,unsigned char Length)
{
	unsigned char i,SingleNumber;
	LCD_SetCursor(Line,Column);
	for(i=Length;i>0;i--)
	{
		SingleNumber=Number/LCD_Pow(16,i-1)%16;
		if(SingleNumber<10)
		{
			LCD_WriteData(SingleNumber+'0');
		}
		else
		{
			LCD_WriteData(SingleNumber-10+'A');
		}
	}
}

/**
  * @brief  在LCD1602指定位置开始以二进制显示所给数字
  * @param  Line 起始行位置，范围：1~2
  * @param  Column 起始列位置，范围：1~16
  * @param  Number 要显示的数字，范围：0~1111 1111 1111 1111
  * @param  Length 要显示数字的长度，范围：1~16
  * @retval 无
  */
void LCD_ShowBinNum(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,unsigned int Number,unsigned char Length)
{
	unsigned char i;
	LCD_SetCursor(Line,Column);
	for(i=Length;i>0;i--)
	{
		LCD_WriteData(Number/LCD_Pow(2,i-1)%2+'0');
	}
}

定时器配置函数

#include <REGX52.H>
extern unsigned int freq;


void Timer0Init(void)
{
	unsigned int THHL;
	TMOD &= 0xF0;		//设置定时器模式
	TMOD |= 0x01;		//设置定时器模式
	THHL=65536-freq;
	TL0 =THHL%256;		//设置定时初值
	TH0 =THHL/256;	//设置定时初值
	TF0 = 0;		//清除TF0标志
	TR0 = 1;		//定时器0开始计时
	ET0=1;
	EA=1;
	PT0=0;  
}

波形段码表

#ifndef _DATA_H
#define _DATA_H
unsigned code sin[256]={   
                          0x80,0x83,0x85,0x88,0x8A,0x8D,0x8F,0x92,   
                          0x94,0x97,0x99,0x9B,0x9E,0xA0,0xA3,0xA5,   
                          0xA7,0xAA,0xAC,0xAE,0xB1,0xB3,0xB5,0xB7,   
                          0xB9,0xBB,0xBD,0xBF,0xC1,0xC3,0xC5,0xC7,   
                          0xC9,0xCB,0xCC,0xCE,0xD0,0xD1,0xD3,0xD4,   
                          0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,   
                          0xDF,0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE3,0xE4,0xE4,   
                          0xE5,0xE5,0xE6,0xE6,0xE7,0xE7,0xE7,0xE7,   
                          0xE7,0xE7,0xE7,0xE7,0xE6,0xE6,0xE5,0xE5,   
                          0xE4,0xE4,0xE3,0xE3,0xE2,0xE1,0xE0,0xDF,   
                          0xDE,0xDD,0xDC,0xDB,0xDA,0xD8,0xD7,0xD6,   
                          0xD4,0xD3,0xD1,0xD0,0xCE,0xCC,0xCB,0xC9,   
                          0xC7,0xC5,0xC3,0xC1,0xBF,0xBD,0xBB,0xB9,   
                          0xB7,0xB5,0xB3,0xB1,0xAE,0xAC,0xAA,0xA7,   
                          0xA5,0xA3,0xA0,0x9E,0x9B,0x99,0x97,0x94,   
                          0x92,0x8F,0x8D,0x8A,0x88,0x85,0x83,0x80,   
                          0x7D,0x7B,0x78,0x76,0x73,0x71,0x6E,0x6C,   
                          0x69,0x67,0x65,0x62,0x60,0x5D,0x5B,0x59,   
                          0x56,0x54,0x52,0x4F,0x4D,0x4B,0x49,0x47,   
                          0x45,0x43,0x41,0x3F,0x3D,0x3B,0x39,0x37,   
                          0x35,0x34,0x32,0x30,0x2E,0x2D,0x2C,0x2A,   
                          0x29,0x28,0x26,0x25,0x24,0x23,0x22,0x21,   
                          0x20,0x1F,0x1E,0x1D,0x1D,0x1C,0x1C,0x1B,   
                          0x1B,0x1A,0x1A,0x1A,0x19,0x19,0x19,0x19,   
                          0x19,0x19,0x19,0x19,0x1A,0x1A,0x1A,0x1B,   
                          0x1B,0x1C,0x1C,0x1D,0x1D,0x1E,0x1F,0x20,   
                          0x21,0x22,0x23,0x24,0x25,0x26,0x28,0x29,   
                          0x2A,0x2C,0x2D,0x2F,0x30,0x32,0x34,0x35,   
                          0x37,0x39,0x3B,0x3D,0x3F,0x41,0x43,0x45,   
                          0x47,0x49,0x4B,0x4D,0x4F,0x52,0x54,0x56,   
                          0x59,0x5B,0x5D,0x60,0x62,0x65,0x67,0x69,   
                          0x6C,0x6E,0x71,0x73,0x76,0x78,0x7B,0x7D   
                                                                   };   
unsigned code thr[256]={      
                          0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,   
                          0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F,   
                          0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,   
                          0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F,   
                          0xA0,0xA1,0xA2,0xA3,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,   
                          0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF,
                          0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,   
                          0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF,   
                          0xBF,0xBE,0xBD,0xBC,0xBB,0xBA,0xB9,0xB8,   
                          0xB7,0xB6,0xB5,0xB4,0xB3,0xB2,0xB1,0xB0,
                          0xAF,0xAE,0xAD,0xAC,0xAB,0xAA,0xA9,0xA8,   
                          0xA7,0xA6,0xA5,0xA4,0xA3,0xA2,0xA1,0xA0,   
                          0x9F,0x9E,0x9D,0x9C,0x9B,0x9A,0x99,0x98,   
                          0x97,0x96,0x95,0x94,0x93,0x92,0x91,0x90,   
                          0x8F,0x8E,0x8D,0x8C,0x8B,0x8A,0x89,0x88,   
                          0x87,0x86,0x85,0x84,0x83,0x82,0x81,0x80,   
                          0x7F,0x7E,0x7D,0x7C,0x7B,0x7A,0x79,0x78,   
                          0x77,0x76,0x75,0x74,0x73,0x72,0x71,0x70,   
                          0x6F,0x6E,0x6D,0x6C,0x6B,0x6A,0x69,0x68,   
                          0x67,0x66,0x65,0x64,0x63,0x62,0x61,0x60,   
                          0x5F,0x5E,0x5D,0x5C,0x5B,0x5A,0x59,0x58,   
                          0x57,0x56,0x55,0x54,0x53,0x52,0x51,0x50,   
                          0x4F,0x4E,0x4D,0x4C,0x4B,0x4A,0x49,0x48,   
                          0x47,0x46,0x45,0x44,0x43,0x42,0x41,0x40,   
                          0x40,0x41,0x42,0x43,0x44,0x45,0x46,0x47,   
                          0x48,0x49,0x4A,0x4B,0x4C,0x4D,0x4E,0x4F,   
                          0x50,0x51,0x52,0x53,0x54,0x55,0x56,0x57,   
                          0x58,0x59,0x5A,0x5B,0x5C,0x5D,0x5E,0x5F,   
                          0x60,0x61,0x62,0x63,0x64,0x65,0x66,0x67,   
                          0x68,0x69,0x6A,0x6B,0x6C,0x6D,0x6E,0x6F,   
                          0x70,0x71,0x72,0x73,0x74,0x75,0x76,0x77,   
                          0x78,0x79,0x7A,0x7B,0x7C,0x7D,0x7E,0x7F    
                                                                   }; 
unsigned code squ[256]={
													0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
													0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
													0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
													0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
													0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
													0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
													0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
													0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
													0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
													0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
													0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
													0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
													0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
													0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
													0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
												  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
													0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,
													0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,	
													0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,
													0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,
													0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,
													0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,	
													0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,
													0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,													
													0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,
													0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,	
													0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,
													0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,			
													0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,
													0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,	
													0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,
													0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff												
														};
																								
	
#endif

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