ssm框架的介绍
ssm框架是Spring MVC,Spring和Mybatis框架的整合,是标准的MVC(model,view,controller)模式。其将整个系统划分为表示层,控制层,业务层,持久层四个层次,使用Spring MVC负责请求的转发和视图管理 (Spring实现业务对象管理,Mybatis作为数据对象的持久化引擎),ssm框架是目前比较主流的JavaEE企业级框架,适用于搭建各种大型的企业级应用系统。
ssm框架的各层次的介绍
持久层(Mybatis):Dao层(mapper)
主要是做数据持久层的工作,负责与数据库进行联络的一些任务都封装在这里。Dao层作为接口层,在Spring的配置文件中定义接口实现类就可以在模块中调用此接口进行数据业务的处理,不需要关系具体的实现类,Dao层数据得到配置以及相关数据库的参数配置都在Spring中进行配置。
业务层(Spring):Service
主要进行模块的逻辑应用设计。添加其接口和对应的实现类,在Spring配置文件中配置其先关得到关联,则可以在应用中调用Service接口进行业务处理,封装其业务逻辑可独立重复的使用,Service层调用Dao层接口。
控制层(SpringMVC):Controller层(Hander层)
主要负责业务模块流程的控制。控制层的配置也需要在Spring文件中配置,针对具体的业务流程,会有不同的控制器,Controller层调用Service层的接口实现控制业务管理。
视图层:Viwe层
主要负责调用前台jsp页面的表示。此层与Controller层结合紧密。
ssm环境配置
1,开启idea,创建一个maven项目,将其变成一个web项目,在src包名下创建一个java,resources包(右键将其分别创建为Sources Root;Resources Root包如下:)
2,搭建Controller,service,Dao,Domain层:
3,在添加Spring相关的配置
文件中相关代码如下:
applicationContenxt.xml文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"> <!--开启注解的扫描,希望处理service和dao,controller不需要Spring框架去处理--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.sm" > <!--配置哪些注解不扫描--> <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" /> </context:component-scan> <!--Spring整合MyBatis框架--> <!--配置连接池--> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/> <!--jdbc的两种url--> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/数据库名?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&userSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8"/> <!-- <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/数据库名?characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>--> <property name="user" value="root"/> <property name="password" value="数据库密码"/> </bean> <!-- Spring整合MyBatis ,配置MyBatis的sqlSessionFactory --> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> <!-- 自动扫描mapper.xml文件 value="classpath:com/sm/dao/*.xml"持久层接口的映射文件--> <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/sm/dao/*.xml"/> <!-- MyBatis配置文件 --> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:SqlMapConfig.xml"></property> </bean> <!--配置SqlSessionFactory工厂--> <!-- <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean>--> <!--配置AccountDao接口所在包--> <bean id="mapperScanner" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <property name="basePackage" value="com.sm.dao"/> </bean> <!--配置Spring框架声明式事务管理--> <!--配置事务管理器--> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <!--配置事务通知--> <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager"> <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="find*" read-only="true"/> <tx:method name="*" isolation="DEFAULT"/> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <!--配置AOP增强--> <aop:config> <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut="execution(* com.sm.service.impl.*ServiceImpl.*(..))"/> </aop:config> </beans>
log4j.properties文件
# Set root category priority to INFO and its only appender to CONSOLE. #log4j.rootCategory=INFO, CONSOLE debug info warn error fatal log4j.rootCategory=info, CONSOLE, LOGFILE # Set the enterprise logger category to FATAL and its only appender to CONSOLE. log4j.logger.org.apache.axis.enterprise=FATAL, CONSOLE # CONSOLE is set to be a ConsoleAppender using a PatternLayout. log4j.appender.CONSOLE=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ISO8601} %-6r [%15.15t] %-5p %30.30c %x - %m\n # LOGFILE is set to be a File appender using a PatternLayout. log4j.appender.LOGFILE=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender log4j.appender.LOGFILE.File=d:\axis.log log4j.appender.LOGFILE.Append=true log4j.appender.LOGFILE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.LOGFILE.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ISO8601} %-6r [%15.15t] %-5p %30.30c %x - %m\n
springmvc.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!--开启注解扫描,只扫描Controller注解--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.sm"> <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" /> </context:component-scan> <!--配置的视图解析器对象--> <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> <!--过滤静态资源--> <mvc:resources location="/css/" mapping="/css/**" /> <mvc:resources location="/images/" mapping="/images/**" /> <mvc:resources location="/fonts/" mapping="/fonts/**" /> <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**" /> <!--开启SpringMVC注解的支持--> <mvc:annotation-driven/> </beans>
SqlMapConfig.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> <!--扫描的包路径--> <typeAliases> <package name="com.sm"></package> </typeAliases> <!--配置环境--> <!-- <environments default="mysql"> <!– 配置mysql的环境–> <environment id="mysql"> <!– 配置事务 –> <transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager> <!–配置连接池–> <dataSource type="POOLED"> <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?characterEncoding=UTF-8"/> <property name="username" value="root"/> <property name="password" value="123456"/> </dataSource> </environment> </environments>--> <!-- 配置映射文件的位置 --> <!-- <mappers> <mapper resource="com/sm/dao/UserDao.xml"></mapper> <!– package标签是用于指定dao接口所在的包,当指定了之后就不需要在写mapper以及resource或者class了 –> </mappers>--> </configuration>
4,在pom.xml中添加项目中需要用到的依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.sm.www</groupId> <artifactId>stu</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <name>stu Maven Webapp</name> <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website --> <url>http://www.example.com</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target> <spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version> <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version> <log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version> <mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version> <mybatis.version>3.4.5</mybatis.version> </properties> <dependencies> <!-- spring --> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.6.8</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- springMvc--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> <scope>compile</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>${mysql.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- servlet--> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.0</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <!--表达式--> <dependency> <groupId>jstl</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!-- log start --> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>${log4j.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>${slf4j.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>${slf4j.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- log end --> <!-- mybatis--> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>${mybatis.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>1.3.0</version> </dependency> <!-- 连接池--> <dependency> <groupId>c3p0</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.1.2</version> <type>jar</type> <scope>compile</scope> </dependency> <!-- mybatis分页插件--> <dependency> <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId> <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId> <version>5.1.2</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>SSM</finalName> <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) --> <plugins> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </plugin> <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging --> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.0.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.8.0</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.22.1</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.2.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.5.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.8.2</version> </plugin> </plugins> </pluginManagement> </build> </project>
5,web.xml中的配置
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" > <web-app> <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> <!--配置Spring的监听器,默认只加载WEB-INF目录下的applicationContext.xml配置文件--> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!--设置配置文件的路径 启动spring--> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <context-param> <param-name/> <param-value/> </context-param> <!--SpringMVc配置前端控制器--> <servlet> <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!--加载springmvc.xml配置文件的读取路径--> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <!--启动服务器,创建该servlet--> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <!-- 加载静态资源--> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!--解决中文乱码的过滤器--> <filter> <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> </web-app>
6,配置Tomcat
打war包:
7,点击运行环境就搭建好了