Servlet（三）ServletContext

web容器在启动的时候，它会为每个web程序都创建一个对应ServletContext对象，它代表了当前的web应用；

1、共享数据

我在这个Servlet中保存的数据，可以在另外一个servlet中拿到；

public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
  @Override
  protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
   
    //this.getInitParameter()  初始化参数
    //this.getServletConfig()  Servlet配置
    //this.getServletContext() Servlet上下文
    ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
    String username = "javaEE"; //数据
    context.setAttribute("username",username); //将一个数据保存在了
ServletContext中，名字为：username 。值 username
 }
}

public class GetServlet extends HttpServlet {
  @Override
  protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
    ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
    String username = (String) context.getAttribute("username");
    resp.setContentType("text/html");
    resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
    resp.getWriter().print("名字"+username);
 }
 @Override
  protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
    doGet(req, resp);
 }
}

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.kuang.servlet.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>getc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.demo.servlet.GetServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>getc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/getc</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

测试访问结果；

2、获取初始化参数

<!--配置一些web应用初始化参数-->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>url</param-name>
    <param-value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis</param-value>
  </context-param>

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws
ServletException, IOException {
  ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
  String url = context.getInitParameter("url");
  resp.getWriter().print(url);
}

3、请求转发

@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws
ServletException, IOException {
  ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
  System.out.println("进入了ServletDemo04");
  //RequestDispatcher requestDispatcher =
context.getRequestDispatcher("/gp"); //转发的请求路径
  //requestDispatcher.forward(req,resp); //调用forward实现请求转发；
  context.getRequestDispatcher("/gp").forward(req,resp);
}

4、读取资源文件

Properties
在java目录下新建properties
在resources目录下新建properties
发现：都被打包到了同一个路径下：classes，我们俗称这个路径为classpath:
思路：需要一个文件流；

username=root12312
password=zxczxczxc

public class ServletDemo05 extends HttpServlet {
  @Override
  protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
    InputStream is = this.getServletContext().getResourceAsStream("/WEB-
INF/classes/com/kuang/servlet/aa.properties");
    Properties prop = new Properties();
    prop.load(is);
    String user = prop.getProperty("username");
    String pwd = prop.getProperty("password");
    resp.getWriter().print(user+":"+pwd);
    }
  @Override
  protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
    doGet(req, resp);
 }
}