一:实验拓扑图及其要求
二;子网划分好的拓扑图
三;实验分析(接口配置已省略)
1,AS1存在两个环回,一个地址为192.168.1.0/24该地址不能在任何协议中宣告,AS3中存在两个环回,一个地址为192.168.2.0/24该地址不能在任何协议中宣告,最终要求这两个环回可以互相通讯。 AS1的另一个环回为10.0.0.0/24,AS3的另一个环回为11.0.0.0/24
这俩个网段192.168.1.0/24 192.168.2.0/24需要通信,则需建立虚链路,通过之前宣告10.0.0.0和11.0.0.0俩进行虚链路搭建
2,整个AS2的 IP地址为172.16.0.0/16,请合理划分
3, AS 间的骨干链路 IP 地址随意定制
见上划分好的拓扑图
4,使用 BGP 协议让整个网络所有设备的环回可以互相访问
因为AS区域内存在水平分割机制,路由信息无法传递,可以通过路由反射器解决
5,减少路由条目数量,避免环路出现
减少路由条目要在R2,R7上进行路由聚合,环路地避免则需要配置空接口
四:配置如下
R1;
手工建邻;
[r1]bgp 1
[r1-bgp]router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-bgp]peer 12.0.0.2 as-number 2
[r1-bgp]
Jul 24 2022 16:37:06-08:00 r1 %%01BGP/3/STATE_CHG_UPDOWN(l)[0]:The status of the
peer 12.0.0.2 changed from OPENCONFIRM to ESTABLISHED. (InstanceName=Public, St
ateChangeReason=Up)
宣告网络
[r1]bgp 1
[r1-bgp]net 10.0.0.0 24
建立虚链路,使俩个未宣告的网络可以通信
[r1]int t 0/0/0
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]ip ad 90.0.0.1 24
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 10.0.0.1
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 11.0.0.1
Jul 24 2022 17:24:39-08:00 r1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface Tunnel0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]q
[r1]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 90.0.0.2
R2;
用OSPF搭建IGP环境(R2-R7均相似不再一一赘述)
[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]a 0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
bgp手工建邻
[r2]bgp 64512
[r2-bgp]router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-bgp]confederation id 2
[r2-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[r2-bgp]peer 12.0.0.1 as-number 1
Jul 24 2022 16:37:06-08:00 r2 %%01BGP/3/STATE_CHG_UPDOWN(l)[10]:The status of th
e peer 12.0.0.1 changed from OPENCONFIRM to ESTABLISHED. (InstanceName=Public, S
tateChangeReason=Up)
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 as
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 as-path-filter
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 as-number 64512
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 as-number 64513
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 ebgp-max-hop
让发出的路由信息下一跳修改为本身
[r2]bgp 64512
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 next-hop-local
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 next-hop-local
空接口配置加路由聚合(后面的R7配置相似,所以R7配置略)
[r2]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 21 NULL 0
[r2]bgp 64512
[r2-bgp]net 172.16.0.0 21
R3;
[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]a 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r3]bgp 64512
[r3-bgp]router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-bgp]confederation id 2
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 as-number 64512
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 connect-interface l 0
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 as-number 64512
Jul 24 2022 16:43:40-08:00 r3 %%01BGP/3/STATE_CHG_UPDOWN(l)[0]:The status of the
peer 172.16.2.1 changed from OPENCONFIRM to ESTABLISHED. (InstanceName=Public,
StateChangeReason=Up)
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 connect-interface l 0
进行路由反射器配置(打破AS内的水平分割)
[r3]bgp 64512
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 reflect-client
R4;
[r4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-ospf-1]a 0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r4]bgp 64512
[r4-bgp]router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-bgp]confederation id 2
[r4-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 as 64512
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 connect-interface l 0
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 as 64513
Jul 24 2022 16:45:59-08:00 r4 %%01BGP/3/STATE_CHG_UPDOWN(l)[0]:The status of the
peer 172.16.3.1 changed from OPENCONFIRM to ESTABLISHED. (InstanceName=Public,
StateChangeReason=Up)
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 connect-interface l 0
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 ebgp-max-hop
R5;
[r5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-ospf-1]a 0
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r5]bgp 64513
[r5-bgp]router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-bgp]confederation id 2
[r5-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 as 64512
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 connect-interface l 0
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 as 64513
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 connect-interface l 0
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 ebgp-max-hop
R6-R7的配置均上文展示一致,这里便不在展示
五;结果验证
R1
R2