MySQL学习笔记-子查询练习题

本文记录了学习MySQL的笔记，其中课件资源全部来源于尚硅谷，详细信息请移步b站
MySQL所有笔记链接

子查询练习

子查询应该算是基础篇章的难度天花板了🐳孩怕。。。

1.查询和Zlotkey相同部门的员工姓名和工资

#自古第一题还是不算很难的，直接用子查询就行了
#注意用IN而不是=，万一有多个员工都是叫Zlotkey呢
SELECT department_id,last_name,salary
FROM employees
WHERE department_id IN (
											SELECT department_id
											FROM employees
											WHERE last_name = 'Zlotkey'
											) 

2.查询工资比公司平均工资高的员工的员工号，姓名，工资

#内部查询：查询平均工资
SELECT employee_id, last_name, salary 
FROM employees
WHERE salary > (
								SELECT AVG(salary)
								FROM employees
								)

3.选择工资大于所有JOB_ID = 'SA_MAN’的员工的工资的员工的信息

#使用ALL，大于所有的工资就行啦
SELECT last_name, salary
FROM employees
WHERE salary > ALL(
									SELECT salary
									FROM employees
									WHERE job_id = 'SA_MAN'
									)

4.查询和姓名中包含字母u的员工在相同部门的员工的员工号和姓名

SELECT employee_id, last_name
FROM employees
WHERE department_id IN (
											SELECT DISTINCT department_id
											FROM employees
											WHERE last_name LIKE '%u%'
											)

5.查询在部门的location_id为1700的部门工作的员工的员工号

#需要在部门表中查询部门的id（内查询）
SELECT employee_id
FROM employees
WHERE department_id IN (
												SELECT department_id
												FROM departments
												WHERE location_id = 1700
												)

6.查询管理者是King的员工姓名和工资

#员工表中没有manager_name，但是有manager_id，我们就通过姓名找到领导的id就行了（记住使用IN）
SELECT last_name, salary, manager_id
FROM employees
WHERE manager_id IN (
										SELECT employee_id
										FROM employees
										WHERE last_name = 'King'
										)

7.查询工资最低的员工的信息

#查询最低的工资，查询谁是这个工资
SELECT last_name, salary
FROM employees
WHERE salary = (
								SELECT MIN(salary)
								FROM employees
								)

8.查询平均工资最低的部门信息🤯🤯

首先是用部门进行分组，查询各个部门的平均工资。

然后将得到的数据看作是一张表（因此需要另起别名）,使用MIN函数就能得到最低的工资

因为我们需要查询的是部门的信息，然后就根据工资匹配上面求的最低工资就行了,就能够得到部门id

然后查询部门的信息

SELECT MIN(avg_sal)										#查询最低工资
FROM (
				SELECT AVG(salary)	avg_sal				#各个部门的平均工资
				FROM employees
				GROUP BY department_id
			) t_dept_avg_sal

#人麻了，隔这套娃呢
SELECT *
FROM departments
WHERE department_id = (
											SELECT department_id
											FROM employees
											GROUP BY department_id
											HAVING AVG(salary) = (
																						SELECT MIN(avg_sal)
																						FROM (
																										SELECT AVG(salary)	avg_sal				#各个部门的平均工资
																										FROM employees
																										GROUP BY department_id
																									) t_dept_avg_sal
																						)

											)

#第二种方式
SELECT *
FROM departments
WHERE department_id = (
											SELECT department_id
											FROM employees
											GROUP BY department_id
											HAVING AVG(salary) <= ALL(
																										SELECT AVG(salary)					#各个部门的平均工资
																										FROM employees
																										GROUP BY department_id
																									 
																						)

											)

#查询最低工资部门的方式2（使用LIMIT）:
SELECT AVG(salary) avg_sal
FROM employees
GROUP BY department_id
ORDER BY avg_sal ASC
LIMIT 1

上面演示了两种方式，还有两种使用LIMIT确定最高或者最低的方法

9.查询平均工资最低的部门的信息和该部门的平均工资（相关子查询）

前面同第八题一样，多了一个显示平均工资的需求

在最最外层查询信息的一行中查询平均工资，其中部门id从表中得到（注意SQL的执行顺序）

SELECT d.*,(SELECT AVG(salary) FROM employees WHERE department_id = d.department_id) avg_sal
FROM departments d
WHERE department_id = (
											SELECT department_id
											FROM employees
											GROUP BY department_id
											HAVING AVG(salary) = (
																						SELECT MIN(avg_sal)
																						FROM (
																										SELECT AVG(salary)	avg_sal				#各个部门的平均工资
																										FROM employees
																										GROUP BY department_id
																									) t_dept_avg_sal
																						)

											)

10.查询平均工资最高的job的信息

基本同第八题一样

SELECT *
FROM jobs
WHERE job_id = (
								SELECT job_id
								FROM employees
								GROUP BY job_id
								HAVING AVG(salary) = (
																		SELECT MAX(avg_sal) 
																		FROM (
																					SELECT AVG(salary) avg_sal
																					FROM employees 
																					GROUP BY job_id
																					) t_job_avg_sal
																			)
								)

SELECT *
FROM jobs
WHERE job_id = (
								SELECT job_id
								FROM employees
								GROUP BY job_id
								HAVING AVG(salary) >= ALL(
																					SELECT AVG(salary) 
																					FROM employees 
																					GROUP BY job_id
																					) 
								)

11.查询平均工资高于公司平均工资的部门有哪些

SELECT department_id
FROM employees
WHERE department_id IS NOT NULL
GROUP BY department_id
HAVING AVG(salary) > (
											SELECT AVG(salary)
											FROM employees
											)

12.查询公司中manager的详细信息

#自连接方式：
SELECT DISTINCT mgr.employee_id, mgr.last_name, mgr.job_id, mgr.department_id
FROM employees emp JOIN employees mgr
ON emp.manager_id = mgr.employee_id
#子查询方式：
SELECT employee_id, last_name, job_id, department_id
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id IN (
											SELECT DISTINCT manager_id#查询所有的mgr_id
											FROM employees
											)

13.各个部门中，按照各自最高工资排序，排名最低的那个部门中的最低工资？

SELECT MIN(salary)
FROM employees
WHERE department_id = (
											SELECT department_id 
															FROM employees
															GROUP BY department_id
															HAVING MAX(salary) = (
																										SELECT MIN(max_sal)
																										FROM (
																													SELECT max(salary) max_sal
																													FROM employees
																													GROUP BY department_id
																													) t_dept_max_sal
																										)
											)

SELECT MIN(salary)
FROM employees
WHERE department_id = (
											SELECT department_id 
															FROM employees
															GROUP BY department_id
															HAVING MAX(salary) <= ALL(
																													SELECT max(salary) max_sal
																													FROM employees
																													GROUP BY department_id
																											)
											)

14.查询平均工资最高的部门的manager的详细信息（我已经快晕掉了）

SELECT last_name, department_id, email, salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = ANY(
										SELECT DISTINCT manager_id
										FROM employees
										WHERE department_id = (
																						SELECT department_id
																						FROM employees
																						GROUP BY department_id
																						HAVING AVG(salary) = (	
																																	SELECT MAX(avg_sal)
																																	FROM (											
																																				SELECT AVG(salary) avg_sal
																																				FROM employees
																																				GROUP BY department_id
																																			) t_dept_avg_sal
																																	)


																						)

										);

15.查询部门的部门号，其中不包括job_id是‘ST_CELRK’的部门号

SELECT department_id
FROM departments
WHERE department_id NOT IN (
										SELECT DISTINCT department_id
										FROM employees
										WHERE job_id = 'ST_CLERK'
										)

SELECT department_id
FROM departments d
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
								SELECT *
								FROM employees e
								WHERE d.department_id = e.department_id
								AND e.job_id = 'ST_CLERK'
								)

🤕🤕🤕😿😿😿