BGP综合实验

目录

一、实验要求

二、实验步骤

1.划分网段，配置ip

2.启用ospf

3、配置BGP：

4、宣告路由

 5、创建空接口，防止环路

6、建立隧道，连接R1和R8的另一环回

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一、实验要求

1，AS1存在两个环回，一个地址为192.168.1.0/24该地址不能在任何协议中宣告
   AS3中存在两个环回，一个地址为192.168.2.0/24该地址不能在任何协议中宣告，最终要求这两    个环回可以互相通讯
   AS1的另一个环回为10.0.0.0/24，AS3的另一个环回为11.0.0.0/24
2，整个AS2的IP地址为172.16.0.0/16，请合理划分
3，As间的骨干链路IP地址随意定制
4，使用BGP协议让整个网络所有设备的环回可以互相访问
5，减少路由条目数量，避免环路出现

二、实验步骤

1.划分网段，配置ip

将172.16.0.0/16划分为/24网段用于R2-R7环回  ；  

172.16.2.0/24（R2）

172.16.3.0/24 (R3)

172.16.4.0/24 (R4)

172.16.5.0/24 (R5)

172.16.6.0/24 (R6)

172.16.7.0/24 (R7)

骨干链路依据172.16.0.0/24直接划分为/30。

172.16.0.0/30    (R2-R3)  

172.16.0.4/30    (R3-R4)

172.16.0.8/30    (R2-R5)

172.16.0.12/30   (R5-R6)

172.16.0.16/30   (R6-R7)

172.16.0.20/30   (R4-R7)

分配如图：

[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.0.0.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.1 24
[R1-LoopBack0]int lo1
[R1-LoopBack1]ip add 10.0.0.1 24

[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.0.0.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.1 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int lo0 
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.2.1 24
[R2-LoopBack0]int g0/0/2
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 172.16.0.9 30

[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.2 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.5 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int lo0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.3.1 24

[R4]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.6 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.21 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int lo0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.4.1 24

[R5]int g0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.10 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.13 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int lo0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.5.1 24

[R6]int g0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.14 30
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.17 30
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int lo0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.6.1 24

[R7]int g0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.18 30
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.22 30
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 78.0.0.1 24
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int lo0
[R7-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.7.1 24

[R8]int g0/0/0
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 78.0.0.2 24
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[R8-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.2.1 24
[R8-LoopBack0]int lo1
[R8-LoopBack1]ip add 11.0.0.1 24

2.启用ospf

※整个AS2的IP地址为172.16.0.0/16划分，启用ospf宣告时直接用172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255宣告

[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]area 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
	
[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]area 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[R4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4	
[R4-ospf-1]area 0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
	
[R5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5	
[R5-ospf-1]area 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-ospf-1]area 0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[R7-ospf-1]area 0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

查看ospf邻居关系（以R2和R6为例）

3、配置BGP：

• 启动BGP进程
• 配置RID
• 建立邻居

[R1]bgp 1
[R1-bgp]router-id 1.1.1.1
[R1-bgp]peer 12.0.0.2 as-number 2

[R2]bgp 64512   #联邦成员设备启动使用小号AS编号
[R2-bgp]router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-bgp]confederation id 2   #声明大号为AS 2
[R2-bgp]peer 12.0.0.1 as-number 1
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 as-number 64512
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0   #使用环回接口建立对等体关系	
[R2-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513  #在EBGP对等体设备上声明对端联邦的AS号，其余设备不用同步
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 as-number 64513
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0	
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 ebgp-max-hop   #修改TTL值,不写数值默认改为255

[R3]bgp 64512
[R3-bgp]router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-bgp]confederation id 2	
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 as-number 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 as-number 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0

[R4]bgp 64512
[R4-bgp]router-id 4.4.4.4
[R4-bgp]confederation id 2
[R4-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 as-number 64512
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0	
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 as-number 64513
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0	
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 ebgp-max-hop 

[R5]bgp 64513
[R5-bgp]router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-bgp]confederation id 2	
[R5-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 as-number 64512
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0	
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 ebgp-max-hop 
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 as-number 64513
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0

[R6]bgp 64513
[R6-bgp]router-id 6.6.6.6	
[R6-bgp]confederation id 2	
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 as-number 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 as-number 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0

[R7]bgp 64513
[R7-bgp]router-id 7.7.7.7 	
[R7-bgp]confederation id 2
[R7-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 as-number 64513
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 as-number 64512
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 ebgp-max-hop 
[R7-bgp]peer 78.0.0.2 as-number 3

[R8]bgp 3	
[R8-bgp]router-id 8.8.8.8
[R8-bgp]peer 78.0.0.1 as-number 2

查看

4、宣告路由

[R1]bgp 1
[R1-bgp]network 10.0.0.0 24

[R2]bgp 64512	
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 next-hop-local #将下一跳改为本地
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 next-hop-local

[R3]bgp 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 reflect-client #限制IBGP水平分割，设置RR，指定R2为客户

[R6]bgp 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 reflect-client #配置路由反射器，指定R5位客户

[R8]bgp 3
[R8-bgp]network 11.0.0.0 24

[R7]bgp 64513
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 next-hop-local
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 next-hop-local

 5、创建空接口，防止环路

[R2]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 21 NULL 0
[R2]bgp 64512
[R2-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 21

[R7]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 21 NULL 0
[R7]bgp 64513
[R7-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 21

6、建立隧道，连接R1和R8的另一环回

[R1]int t0/0/0
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 192.168.3.1 24	
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre 
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 10.0.0.1
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 11.0.0.1
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]q
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 192.168.3.2

[R8]int t0/0/0
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 192.168.3.2 24
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]source 11.0.0.1	
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 10.0.0.1
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]q
[R8]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.3.1

测试

实验完成！