数据结构与算法(五)图c语言实现(带源码)

数据结构与算法(五)图

  1. 邻接矩阵存储实现、深度优先及广度优先遍历
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <malloc.h>

#define MAX 100
#define MAXNUM 32767//正无穷

typedef struct
{
	char vexs[MAX];//顶点表 (顶点类型是char)
	int arcs[MAX][MAX];//邻接矩阵  (边的类型是int)
	int vexnum, arcnum;//图当前的点数和边数
}AMGraph;

typedef struct
{
	char data[MAX];
	int front, rear;
}SeQueue;

int* Dvisited;
int* Bvisited;

int LocateVex(AMGraph* pG, char* pV)
{
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < pG->vexnum; ++i)
	{
		if ( *pV == pG->vexs[i])
			break;
	}
	return i;
}

void initUDN(AMGraph* pG)//初始化无向网
{
	char V1, V2;
	int i,j,w;
	printf("请输入顶点数: ");
	scanf_s("%d",&pG->vexnum);
	printf("请输入边数: ");
	scanf_s("%d",&pG->arcnum);

	for (int k = 0; k < pG->vexnum; ++k)
	{
		printf("请输入第%d个顶点的数据: ",k+1);
		scanf_s(" %c",&pG->vexs[k]);
	}

	for (int k = 0; k < pG->vexnum; ++k)
	{
		for (int m = 0; m < pG->vexnum; ++m)
		{
			pG->arcs[k][m] = MAXNUM;
			if (k == m)
				pG->arcs[k][m] = 0;
		}
	}

	for (int k = 0; k < pG->arcnum; ++k)
	{
		printf("请输入第一个顶点元素: ");
		scanf_s(" %c",&V1);
		printf("请输入第二个顶点元素: ");
		scanf_s(" %c", &V2);
		printf("请输入两个顶点的权值: ");
		scanf_s("%d", &w);

		i = LocateVex(pG,&V1);
		j = LocateVex(pG,&V2);
		pG->arcs[i][j] = w;
		pG->arcs[j][i] = pG->arcs[i][j];
	}

	Dvisited = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int) * (pG->vexnum));
	for (int m = 0; m < pG->vexnum; ++m)
	{
		Dvisited[m] = 0;
	}

	Bvisited = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int) * (pG->vexnum));
	for (int m = 0; m < pG->vexnum; ++m)
	{
		Bvisited[m] = 0;
	}
}

void DFS(AMGraph* pG, char V)
{
	int i,j;
	i = LocateVex(pG,&V);
	Dvisited[i] = 1;
	if(Dvisited[i]=1)
		printf("访问的元素是: %c\n", V);
	for (j = 0; j < pG->vexnum; j++)
	{
		if ((pG->arcs[i][j] == 1) && (Dvisited[j] == 0))
		{
			DFS(pG, pG->vexs[j]);
		}
	}
}

void initQueue(SeQueue* Sq)
{
	Sq->front = -1;
	Sq->rear = Sq->front;
}

bool is_empty(SeQueue* Sq)
{
	if (Sq->rear == Sq->front)
		return true;
	else
		return false;
}

bool is_full(SeQueue* Sq)
{
	if ((Sq->rear + 1) % MAX == Sq->front)
		return true;
	else
		return false;
}

bool InQueue(SeQueue* Sq, char C)
{
	if (is_full(Sq))
		return false;
	else
	{
		Sq->rear = (Sq->rear + 1) % MAX;
		Sq->data[Sq->rear] = C;
		return true;
	}
}

bool OutQueue(SeQueue* Sq, char* pC)
{
	if (is_empty(Sq))
		return false;
	else
	{
		Sq->front = (Sq->front + 1) % MAX;
		*pC = Sq->data[Sq->front];
		Sq->data[Sq->front] = NULL;
		return true;
	}
}

void BFS(AMGraph* pG, char C)
{
	SeQueue Q;
	int i, j,k;
	char w;
	i = LocateVex(pG,&C);
	Bvisited[i]=1;
	InQueue(&Q,C);
	while (!is_empty(&Q))
	{
		OutQueue(&Q,&w);
		k = LocateVex(pG,&w);
		printf("%c\t",w);
		for (j = 0; j < pG->vexnum; ++j)
		{
			if (Bvisited[j] == 0 && pG->arcs[k][j] == 1)
			{
				Bvisited[j] = 1;
				InQueue(&Q,pG->vexs[j]);
			}
		}
	}
}

int main()
{
	int Dflag = 1;
	int Bflag = 1;
	int n;
	AMGraph G;
	initUDN(&G);
	printf("请输入这个图含有的子图个数:");
	scanf_s("%d",&n);
	for (int i = 0; i < G.vexnum; ++i)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < G.vexnum; ++j)
		{
			printf("%d\t",G.arcs[i][j]);
			if (j == (G.vexnum - 1))
				printf("\n");
		}
	}
	printf("============深度优先遍历==============");
	DFS(&G,'A');
	while (Dflag <= n) //这样可以适应非连通图
	{
		for (int i = 0; i < G.vexnum; ++i)
		{
			if (Dvisited[i] == 0)
			{
				DFS(&G, G.vexs[i]);
			}
		}
		Dflag++;
	}
	printf("======================================");

	printf("============广度优先遍历==============");
	BFS(&G,'A');
	while (Bflag <= n)
	{
		for (int i = 0; i < G.vexnum; ++i)
		{
			if (Bvisited[i] == 0)
			{
				BFS(&G, G.vexs[i]);
			}
		}
		Bflag++;
	}
	printf("======================================");
}

也适合非连通图

  1. 邻接表存储实现、深度优先及广度优先遍历
#include  <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <malloc.h>

#define MAX 100

typedef struct arc
{
	int adjvex;
	int weight;
	struct arc* next;
}ArcNode;//边表节点

typedef struct
{
	char data;
	ArcNode* firstarc;
}VertexNode;

typedef struct
{
	VertexNode vertex[MAX];
	int vernum, arcnum;
}ALGraph;

typedef struct node
{
	char data[MAX];
	int front, rear;
}SeQueue;

int* Dvisited;
int* Bvisited;

int LocateVex(ALGraph* pG, char* pV)
{
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < pG->vernum; ++i)
	{
		if (*pV == pG->vertex[i].data)
			break;
	}
	return i;
}

void initGraph(ALGraph* pG)
{
	int i, j, w;
	printf("请你输入顶点数: ");
	scanf_s("%d",&(pG->vernum));
	printf("请输入你的边数: ");
	scanf_s("%d",&(pG->arcnum));

	for (int k = 0; k < pG->vernum; ++k)
	{
		printf("请输入第%d个节点的元素: ",k+1);
		scanf_s(" %c",&(pG->vertex[k].data));
		pG->vertex[k].firstarc = NULL;
	}
	for (int k = 0; k < pG->arcnum; ++k)
	{
		char V1, V2;
		printf("请输入两个互相连接的元素:");
		printf("第一个元素是: ");
		scanf_s(" %c",&V1);
		printf("第二个元素是: ");
		scanf_s(" %c", &V2);
		i = LocateVex(pG,&V1);
		j = LocateVex(pG,&V2);

		ArcNode* pNew1 = (ArcNode*)malloc(sizeof(ArcNode));
		if (pNew1 == NULL)
		{
			exit(-1);
			return;
		}
		pNew1->adjvex = j;
		pNew1->next = pG->vertex[i].firstarc;
		pG->vertex[i].firstarc = pNew1;

		ArcNode* pNew2 = (ArcNode*)malloc(sizeof(ArcNode));
		if (pNew2 == NULL)
		{
			exit(-1);
			return;
		}
		pNew2->adjvex = i;
		pNew2->next = pG->vertex[j].firstarc;
		pG->vertex[j].firstarc = pNew2;
	}

	Dvisited = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int)*pG->vernum);
	for (int i = 0; i < pG->vernum; ++i)
		Dvisited[i] = 0;

	Bvisited = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int) * pG->vernum);
	for (int i = 0; i < pG->vernum; ++i)
		Bvisited[i] = 0;
}

void DFS(ALGraph* pG, char V)
{
	int i;
	ArcNode* p;
	i = LocateVex(pG,&V);
	Dvisited[i] = 1;
	if (Dvisited[i] == 1)
		printf("访问的元素是:%c\n",pG->vertex[i].data);
	p = pG->vertex[i].firstarc;
	while (p != NULL)
	{
		if (Dvisited[p->adjvex] == 0)
		{
			DFS(pG,pG->vertex[p->adjvex].data);
		}
		p = p->next;
	}
}

void initQueue(SeQueue* Sq)
{
	Sq->front = -1;
	Sq->rear = Sq->front;
}

bool is_empty(SeQueue* Sq)
{
	if (Sq->front == Sq->rear)
		return true;
	else
		return false;
}

bool is_full(SeQueue* Sq)
{
	if ((Sq->rear + 1) % MAX == Sq->front)
		return true;
	else
		return false;
}

bool InQueue(SeQueue* Sq,char c)
{
	if (is_full(Sq))
		return false;
	else
	{
		Sq->rear = (Sq->rear + 1) % MAX;
		Sq->data[Sq->rear] = c;
	}
	return true;
}

bool OutQueue(SeQueue* Sq, char* pC)
{
	if (is_empty(Sq))
		return false;
	else
	{
		Sq->front = (Sq->front + 1) % MAX;
		*pC = Sq->data[Sq->front];
		Sq->data[Sq->front] = NULL;
		return true;
	}
}

void BFS(ALGraph* pG, char C)
{
	int i,j,w;
	char V;
	ArcNode* p;
	SeQueue Q;
	//printf("%c\t",C);
	i = LocateVex(pG,&C);
	Bvisited[i] = 1;
	initQueue(&Q);
	InQueue(&Q,C);
	while (!is_empty(&Q))
	{
		OutQueue(&Q,&V);
		j=LocateVex(pG,&V);
		p = pG->vertex[j].firstarc;
		printf("访问的元素是:%c\n",V);
		while (p != NULL)
		{
			w = p->adjvex;
			if (Bvisited[w] == 0)
			{
				//printf("%c\t",pG->vertex[w].data);
				Bvisited[w]=1;
				InQueue(&Q,pG->vertex[w].data);
			}
			p = p->next;
		}
	}
}

int main()
{
	int Dflag = 1;
	int Bflag = 1;
	int n;
	ALGraph G;
	initGraph(&G);
	printf("请您输入这个图有几个子图:");
	scanf_s("%d", &n);
	for (int i = 0; i < G.vernum; ++i)
	{
		ArcNode* p = G.vertex[i].firstarc;
		printf("%c: ",G.vertex[i]);
		while (p != NULL)
		{
			printf("%c", G.vertex[p->adjvex].data);
			p = p->next;
		}
		printf("\n");
	}
	printf("============深度优先遍历==============\n");
	DFS(&G,'A');
	while (Dflag <= n)
	{
		for (int i = 0; i < G.vernum; ++i)
		{
			if (Dvisited[i] == 0)
				DFS(&G, G.vertex[i].data);
		}
		Dflag++;
	}
	printf("======================================\n");

	printf("============广度优先遍历==============\n");
	BFS(&G,'A');
	while(Bflag<=n)
	{
		for (int i = 0; i < G.vernum; ++i)
		{
			if (Bvisited[i] == 0)
				BFS(&G, G.vertex[i].data);
		}
		Bflag++;
	}
	printf("======================================\n");
	return 0;
}

这里是头插导致和临界矩阵输出有些不一样如有问题请多指教

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