操作系统：先来先服务（FCFS）、短作业优先（SJF）Java代码实现

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已于 2022-04-06 16:32:30 修改

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文章标签： java

于 2022-03-31 18:43:30 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_53062311/article/details/123880055

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本文详细介绍了两种操作系统调度算法——先来先服务(FCFS)和短作业优先(SJF)，并提供了对应的Java代码实现。FCFS算法按照作业到达的顺序进行调度，而SJF算法优先处理运行时间较短的作业。代码中包括了输入进程信息、排序和计算完成时间等步骤，展示了这两种算法的具体应用。

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一、算法思想

1、先来先服务：

先来先服务（FCFS）调度算法是一种最简单的调度算法，该算法既可用于作业调度，也可用于进程调度。当在作业调度中采用该算法时，系统将按照作业到达的先后次序进行调度，从后备作业队列中选择几个最先进入该队列的作业，将它们调入内存，为它们分配资源和创建进程。然后把它们放入就绪队列。

2、短作业优先调度：

SJF算法是以作业的长短来计算优先级，作业越短，其优先级越高。作业的长短是以作业所要求的运行时间来衡量的。SJF 算法可以分别用于作业调度和进程调度。在把短作业优先调度算法用于作业调度时，它将从外存的作业后备队列中选择若干个估计运行时间最短的作业，优先将它们调入内存运行。

二、程序代码

1、先来先服务代码：

package Package8;

import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * 先来先服务
 */
public class Demo1 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        JCB[] a = new JCB[10];
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

        int k = 0; // 初始化
        System.out.println("请一次输入两个整数，之间用空格隔开,输入负数结束输入");

        // 重复输入进程信息
        while (true){
            System.out.printf("请输入第%d进程到达时间、服务时间：", k);
            // 进程id设置为k
            double arriveTime = scanner.nextDouble();
            if (arriveTime < 0){
                System.out.println("输入结束");
                break;
            }
            double serviceTime = scanner.nextDouble();
            a[k] = new JCB(k,arriveTime, serviceTime); // 利用构造方法初始化数据
            k ++;
            if (serviceTime < 0){
                System.out.println("输入结束");
                break;
            }
        }

        scanner.close(); // 释放scanner


        // 输出初始作业状态
        System.out.println("初始作业状态：");
        for (int i = 0; i < k; i++) {
            System.out.println(a[i]);
        }


        // 冒泡排序，按照到达时间从小到大排序
        for (int i = 0; i < k; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j + 1 < k - i; j++) {
                if (a[j].getArriveTime() > a[j + 1].getArriveTime()){
                    JCB temp = new JCB();
                    temp = a[j];
                    a[j] = a[j + 1];
                    a[j + 1] = temp;
                }
            }
        }


        // 遍历数组，利用算法完善数据并输出结果
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("调度过程及调度后作业状态：");
        for (int i = 0; i < k; i++) {
            if (i == 0){
                a[i].setFinishTime(a[i].getArriveTime() + a[i].getServiceTime());
                a[i].setCyclingTime(a[i].getFinishTime() - a[i].getArriveTime());

                // 将结果保留两位小数
                double time = a[i].getCyclingTime() / a[i].getServiceTime();
                a[i].setFloat_Wi(Double.parseDouble(String .format("%.2f", time)));

            } else {

                if (a[i].getArriveTime() > a[i - 1].getFinishTime()){
                    a[i].setFinishTime(a[i].getArriveTime() + a[i].getServiceTime());

                } else{

                    a[i].setFinishTime(a[i - 1].getFinishTime() + a[i].getServiceTime());

                }
                a[i].setCyclingTime(a[i].getFinishTime() - a[i].getArriveTime());

                // 将结果保留两位小数
                double time = a[i].getCyclingTime() / a[i].getServiceTime();
                a[i].setFloat_Wi(Double.parseDouble(String .format("%.2f", time)));

            }

            // 遍历数组输出结果
            System.out.println(a[i]);

        }

    }

    public static class JCB{

        private int id;
        private double arriveTime; // 到达时间
        private double serviceTime; // 服务时间
        private double finishTime; // 完成时间
        private double cyclingTime; // 周转时间
        private double float_Wi; // 带权周转时间

        public int getId() {
            return id;
        }

        public void setId(int id) {
            this.id = id;
        }

        public double getArriveTime() {
            return arriveTime;
        }

        public void setArriveTime(double arriveTime) {
            this.arriveTime = arriveTime;
        }

        public double getServiceTime() {
            return serviceTime;
        }

        public void setServiceTime(double serviceTime) {
            this.serviceTime = serviceTime;
        }

        public double getFinishTime() {
            return finishTime;
        }

        public void setFinishTime(double finishTime) {
            this.finishTime = finishTime;
        }

        public double getCyclingTime() {
            return cyclingTime;
        }

        public void setCyclingTime(double cyclingTime) {
            this.cyclingTime = cyclingTime;
        }

        public double getFloat_Wi() {
            return float_Wi;
        }

        public void setFloat_Wi(double float_Wi) {
            this.float_Wi = float_Wi;
        }

        public JCB() {
        }

        public JCB(int id, double arriveTime, double serviceTime) {
            this.id = id;
            this.arriveTime = arriveTime;
            this.serviceTime = serviceTime;
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "进程信息：" +
                    "id=" + id +
                    ", 到达时间=" + arriveTime +
                    ", 服务时间=" + serviceTime +
                    ", 完成时间=" + finishTime +
                    ", 周转时间=" + cyclingTime +
                    ", 带权周转时间=" + float_Wi;
        }

    }
}

运行结果：

2、短作业优先调度代码：

package Package8;

import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * 短作业优先
 */
public class Demo2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JCB2[] a = new JCB2[10];
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

        int k = 0; // 初始化,k记录总进程数
        System.out.println("请一次输入两个整数，之间用空格隔开,输入负数结束输入");

        // 重复输入进程信息
        while (true){
            System.out.printf("请输入第%d进程到达时间、服务时间：", k);
            // 将进程id设置为k
            double arriveTime = scanner.nextDouble();
            if (arriveTime < 0){
                System.out.println("输入结束");
                break;
            }
            double serviceTime = scanner.nextDouble();
            a[k] = new JCB2(k,arriveTime, serviceTime); // 利用构造方法初始化数据
            k ++;
            if (serviceTime < 0){
                System.out.println("输入结束");
                break;
            }
        }

        scanner.close(); // 释放scanner


        // 输出初始作业状态
        System.out.println("初始作业状态");
        for (int i = 0; i < k; i++) {
            System.out.println(a[i]);
        }

        // 找出最早到达的进程,优先调度
        JCB2 min = new JCB2();
        min = a[0];

        int m = 0; // 用于记录最早到达进程的id（下标）
        for (int i = 0; i < k; i++) {

            if (a[i].getArriveTime() < min.getArriveTime()){
                min = a[i];
                m = i;
            } else if(a[i].getArriveTime() == min.getArriveTime() && a[i].getServiceTime() < min.getServiceTime()){
                min = a[i];
                m = i;
            }
        }

        JCB2 temp1 = new JCB2();
        temp1 = a[0];
        a[0] = min;
        a[m] = temp1;


        // 冒泡排序，除第0个进程外按照服务时间从小到大排序
        for (int i = 0; i < k; i++) {
            for (int j = 1; j + 1 < k - i; j++) {
                if (a[j].getServiceTime() > a[j + 1].getServiceTime()){
                    JCB2 temp = new JCB2();
                    temp = a[j];
                    a[j] = a[j + 1];
                    a[j + 1] = temp;
                }
            }
        }


        // 遍历数组，利用算法完善数据并输出结果
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("调度过程及调度后作业状态：");
        for (int i = 0; i < k; i++) {
            if (i == 0){
                a[i].setFinishTime(a[i].getArriveTime() + a[i].getServiceTime());
                a[i].setCyclingTime(a[i].getFinishTime() - a[i].getArriveTime());

                // 将结果保留两位小数
                double time = a[i].getCyclingTime() / a[i].getServiceTime();
                a[i].setFloat_Wi(Double.parseDouble(String .format("%.2f", time)));

            } else {

                if (a[i].getArriveTime() > a[i - 1].getFinishTime()){
                    a[i].setFinishTime(a[i].getArriveTime() + a[i].getServiceTime());

                } else{

                    a[i].setFinishTime(a[i - 1].getFinishTime() + a[i].getServiceTime());

                }
                a[i].setCyclingTime(a[i].getFinishTime() - a[i].getArriveTime());

                // 将结果保留两位小数
                double time = a[i].getCyclingTime() / a[i].getServiceTime();
                a[i].setFloat_Wi(Double.parseDouble(String .format("%.2f", time)));

            }

            // 遍历数组输出结果
            System.out.println(a[i]);

        }

    }

    public static class JCB2{

        private int id;
        private double arriveTime; // 到达时间
        private double serviceTime; // 服务时间
        private double finishTime; // 完成时间
        private double cyclingTime; // 周转时间
        private double float_Wi; // 带权周转时间

        public int getId() {
            return id;
        }

        public void setId(int id) {
            this.id = id;
        }

        public double getArriveTime() {
            return arriveTime;
        }

        public void setArriveTime(double arriveTime) {
            this.arriveTime = arriveTime;
        }

        public double getServiceTime() {
            return serviceTime;
        }

        public void setServiceTime(double serviceTime) {
            this.serviceTime = serviceTime;
        }

        public double getFinishTime() {
            return finishTime;
        }

        public void setFinishTime(double finishTime) {
            this.finishTime = finishTime;
        }

        public double getCyclingTime() {
            return cyclingTime;
        }

        public void setCyclingTime(double cyclingTime) {
            this.cyclingTime = cyclingTime;
        }

        public double getFloat_Wi() {
            return float_Wi;
        }

        public void setFloat_Wi(double float_Wi) {
            this.float_Wi = float_Wi;
        }

        public JCB2() {
        }

        public JCB2(int id, double arriveTime, double serviceTime) {
            this.id = id;
            this.arriveTime = arriveTime;
            this.serviceTime = serviceTime;
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "进程信息：" +
                    "id=" + id +
                    ", 到达时间=" + arriveTime +
                    ", 服务时间=" + serviceTime +
                    ", 完成时间=" + finishTime +
                    ", 周转时间=" + cyclingTime +
                    ", 带权周转时间=" + float_Wi;
        }

    }
}