整合SSM框架

10.1、创建项目

需求分析，设计数据库，编写业务，前端交互

1.创建数据库

CREATE DATABASE ssmbuild;
USE ssmbuild
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS books;
CREATE TABLE books(
bookId INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',
bookName VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
bookCounts INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',
detail VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
KEY bookId (bookId)
)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
INSERT INTO books VALUES(1,'白雪公主',10,'童话'),(2,'农夫与蛇',4,'语言'),(3,'后羿射日',22,'神话');

2.创建maven项目

• 导包，添加web支持

<dependencies>
<!--junit,数据库驱动,数据库连接池,servlet,jsp,jstl,mybatis,spring-jdbc,spring-webmvc,mybatis-spring,-->
...
</dependencies>
<!--静态资源导出问题-->
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

• 在idea中连接数据库，添加mysql语言注入：在sql语句旁边alt+enter，添加语言注入，选择mysql，就会有sql语句的提示

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-LpLO9gpW-1688718274662)(C:\Users\31998\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20230627111232962.png)]

• 创建包结构和配置文件，pojo,controller，service,mapper,db.properties，spring.xml,mybatis.xml…

10.2、整合配置文件(可直接复制粘贴使用)

1.mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "https://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!--别名-->
<typeAliases>
    <package name="com.likea.pojo"/>
</typeAliases>
</configuration>

2.applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
</beans>

3.spring-dao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--1.关联数据库配置文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
    <!--2.连接池,数据源:spring原生的org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource,
    jdbc:半自动化操作,不能自动连接
    c3p0:自动化操作(自动化的加载配置文件,能自动设置到对象中)
    druid:
    hikari:
    -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${driver}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${user}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${password}"/>
        <!--c3p0的私有属性-->
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="20"/>
        <!--关闭连接后不自动commit-->
        <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
        <!--获取连接超时时间-->
        <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
        <!--当获取连接失败重试次数-->
        <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
    </bean>
    <!--3.sqlSessionFactory-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!--绑定mybatis配置文件-->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
    </bean>
    <!--4.配置dao接口扫描包,动态实现dao接口.方式一:可以注入到Spring容器中-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!--注入sqlSessionFactory-->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <!--要扫描的dao包-->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.likea.mapper"/>
    </bean>
    <!--方式二:编写dao接口的实现类,继承SqlSessionDaoSupport直接getSqlSession()或者添加SqlSessionTemplate属性-->
</beans>

4.spring-service.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd                    						http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop">

    <!--1.扫描包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.likea.service"/>
    <!--2.将业务类注入到spring,方式一:配置bean,方式二:注解@Service和@AutoWired-->
    <bean id="booksService" class="com.likea.service.BooksServiceImpl">
        <property name="booksMapper" ref="booksMapper"/>
    </bean>
    <!--3.声明式事务配置-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <!--注入数据源-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>
    <!--4.横切事务需要导入织入,aop事务支持-->
</beans>

5.springmvc-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.likea.controller"/>
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <!--添加视图解析器,视图解析器:dispatcherServlet给它的ModelandView-->
    <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!--前缀-->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <!--后缀-->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

6.web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <!--注册DispatcherServlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!--关联一个springmvc的配置文件-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!--启动级别-->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <!--
        /和/*的区别
        /:只匹配所有的请求,不包括.jsp文件
        /*:匹配所有的请求,包括.jsp文件
        如果请求.jsp文件是不需要再添加前缀后缀的,直接返回给用户即可
        -->
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <!--配置springMVC自带的乱码过滤器-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    <!--3.session超时时间:15分钟-->
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
    </session-config>
</web-app>

7.db.properties

driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/数据库名称?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
user=root
password=****

10.3、排错

• 问题：bean不存在

  1. 查看这个bean注入是否成功!

  2. junit单元测试，看我们的代码是否能够查询出来结果!

      @Test
         public void test(){
             ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
             BooksService booksService = (BooksService) context.getBean("booksService");
             List<Books> books = booksService.getBooks();
             for (Books book : books) {
                 System.out.println(book);
             }
         }
     

  3. SpringMVC，整合的时候没调用到我们的service层的bean：

     • applicationContext.xml配置文件中是否导入了bean所在的xml文件;
     • web.xml中绑定的xml文件也需要有bean的配置，需要绑定applicationContext.xml

• 配置username引入的是电脑本地用户名“***”@localhost，而不是数据库用户名root，用$(username}之后会取当前计算机用户名来连数据库，将spring-dao.xml和jdbc.properties的中username改成user，测试成功!!!

10.4、CURD

增删该需要提交事务,在spring中织入aop,查询不需要

1.查询/删除数据

• mapper接口添加查询全部书籍的类,编写mapper.xml查询语句
• service接口编写查询类,service实现类引入mapper,调用mapper层,并返回查询的数据
• controller层编写查询查询方法,返回数据展示页面,引入service实现类,调用service层,返回数据给前端
• 编写数据展示页面,获取数据并展示

2.添加/修改数据

• 在书籍列表页面添加按钮，跳转到添加书籍页面
• 编写添加书籍的jsp页面
• controller层编写跳转页面的方法,返回添加页面,编写添加方法,获取前台数据,调用service层添加数据,返回指定页面
• 添加和修改的不同,修改在跳转到修改页面前需要获取数据id,并查询出数据,将其带到前端显示,必须隐藏id但不能不写,修改的sql语句需要id

3.bootstrap前端开发框架

• 引入

  <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  

• bootstrap中文文档,查找css样式,复制粘贴即可使用

10.5、关键代码展示

• mapper.xml

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
  <!DOCTYPE mapper
          PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
          "https://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
  <!--一个mapper对应一个mapper.xml-->
  <mapper namespace="com.likea.mapper.BooksMapper">
      <select id="getBooks" resultType="books">
          select * from books
      </select>
  </mapper>
  

• serviceImpl

  @Service
  public class BooksServiceImpl implements BooksService{
      //业务层调用dao层:组合dao
      @Autowired
      private BooksMapper booksMapper;
  
      public void setBooksMapper(BooksMapper booksMapper) {
          this.booksMapper = booksMapper;
      }
      public List<Books> getBooks() {
          return booksMapper.getBooks();
      }
  }
  

• controller

  @Controller
  @RequestMapping("/books")
  public class BooksController {
      //Controller调用service
      @Autowired(required = false)
      @Qualifier("booksService")
      private BooksService booksService;
      @RequestMapping("/allBook")
      public String bookList(Model model) {
          List<Books> books = booksService.getBooks();
          model.addAttribute("list", books);
          return "allBook";
      }
      //跳转到添加书籍页面
      @RequestMapping("/insert")
      public String insertBook() {
          return "addBook";
      }
      //添加书籍的请求
      @RequestMapping("/addBook")
      public String addBook(Books book) {
          booksService.addBook(book);
          return "redirect:/books/allBook";//重定向到/allBook请求
      }
      //删除图书
      @RequestMapping("/delete/{bookId}")
      public String delete(@PathVariable("bookId") int bookId) {
          booksService.deleteBookById(bookId);
          return "redirect:/books/allBook";
      }
      //修改图书页面
      @RequestMapping("/update")
      public String update(int bookId, Model model) {
          Books book = booksService.getBookById(bookId);//跳转页面的时候带参数id
          model.addAttribute("book", book);//根据参数查询书籍信息,带给前端显示,input中的value设置默认值
          return "updateBook";
      }
      //修改图书
      @RequestMapping("/updateBook")
      public String update(Books book, HttpServletRequest request) {
          booksService.updateBook(book);
          return "redirect:/books/allBook";
      }
      //查询书籍
      @RequestMapping("/queryBook")
      public String queryBookByName(String queryBookName, Model model) {
          List<Books> books = booksService.getBookByName(queryBookName);
          if (books.size() == 0) {//书籍未查到,返回全部书籍
              model.addAttribute("error", "未查到");
              books = booksService.getBooks();
          }
          model.addAttribute("list", books);//返回查到的书籍
          return "allBook";
      }
  }
  

• jsp

  • allBook.jsp

    <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
    <html>
    <head>
        <%--导入BootStrap美化界面--%>
        <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    </head>
    <body>
    <div class="container">
        <div class="row clearfix">
            <div class="col-md-12 column">
                <div class="page-header">
                    <h1>
                        <small>书籍列表------显示所有书籍</small>
                    </h1>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="row">
                <div class="col-md-4 column">
                    <%--跳转到添加书籍页面--%>
                    <a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/books/insert">新增图书</a>
                    <a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/books/allBook">显示所有书籍</a>
                </div>
                <div class="col-md-8 column">
                    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/books/queryBook" method="post" class="form-inline"
                          style="float: right">
                        <%--input的name值必须和controller方法的参数名保持一致,才能从前端获取到数据--%>
    
                        <input type="text" name="queryBookName" class="form-control" placeholder="输入书籍名称" required>
                        <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="查询">
                    </form>
                    <span style="color: red;font-weight: bold;font-size: 18px;float: right;line-height: 34px">${error}</span>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="row clearfix">
            <div class="col-md-12 column">
                <table class="table table-hover table-striped">
                    <thead>
                    <tr>
                        <th>书籍编号</th>
                        <th>书籍名称</th>
                        <th>书籍数量</th>
                        <th>书籍详情</th>
                        <th>操作</th>
                    </tr>
                    </thead>
                    <%--书籍从数据库中查询出来,从list中遍历出来: foreach---%>
                    <tbody>
                    <c:forEach var="book" items="${list}">
                        <tr>
                            <td>${book.bookId}</td>
                            <td>${book.bookName}</td>
                            <td>${book.bookCounts}</td>
                            <td>${book.detail}</td>
                            <td>
                                <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/books/update?bookId=${book.bookId}">修改</a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;
                                <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/books/delete/${book.bookId}">删除</a>
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                    </c:forEach>
                    </tbody>
                </table>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    </body>
    

  • addBook.jsp

    <head>
        <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    </head>
    <body>
    <div class="container">
        <div class="row clearfix">
            <div class="col-md-12 column">
                <div class="page-header">
                    <h1>
                        <small>新增书籍</small>
                    </h1>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
        <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/books/addBook" method="post">
            <div class="from-group">
                <label>书籍名称:</label>
                <%--input的name属性名必须和实体类的属性名一致--%>
                <%--required确保表单填完整,才能提交--%>
                <input type="text" class="from-control" name="bookName" required/>
            </div>
            <div class="from-group">
                <label>书籍数量:</label>
                <input type="text" class="from-control" name="bookCounts" required/>
            </div>
            <div class="from-group">
                <label>书籍描述:</label>
                <input type="text" class="from-control" name="detail" required/>
            </div>
            <div class="from-group">
                <input type="submit" class="from-control" value="提交"/>
            </div>
        </form>
    </div>
    </body>
    

  • updateBook.jsp

    <head>
        <title>update</title>
        <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    </head>
    <body>
    <div class="container">
        <div class="row clearfix">
            <div class="col-md-12 column">
                <div class="page-header">
                    <h1>
                        <small>修改书籍</small>
                    </h1>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
        <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/books/updateBook" method="post">
            <div class="from-group">
                <label>书籍Id:</label>
                <input type="hidden" name="bookId" value="${book.bookId}"/>
            </div>
            <div class="from-group">
                <label>书籍名称:</label>
                <input type="text" class="from-control" name="bookName"value="${book.bookName}" required/>
            </div>
            <div class="from-group">
                <label>书籍数量:</label>
                <input type="text" class="from-control" name="bookCounts" value="${book.bookCounts}" required/>
            </div>
            <div class="from-group">
                <label>书籍描述:</label>
                <input type="text" class="from-control" name="detail" value="${book.detail}" required/>
            </div>
            <div class="from-group">
                <input type="submit" class="from-control" value="修改"/>
            </div>
        </form>
    </div>
    </body>