【LeetCode热题100】力扣49.字母异位词分组,超详细注释~

力扣49.字母异位词分组

给你一个字符串数组,请你将 字母异位词 组合在一起。可以按任意顺序返回结果列表。

字母异位词 是由重新排列源单词的所有字母得到的一个新单词。

示例 1:

输入: strs = [“eat”, “tea”, “tan”, “ate”, “nat”, “bat”]
输出: [[“bat”],[“nat”,“tan”],[“ate”,“eat”,“tea”]]
示例 2:

输入: strs = [“”]
输出: [[“”]]
示例 3:

输入: strs = [“a”]
输出: [[“a”]]

方法一

public List<List<String>> groupAnagrams(String[] strs) {
        Map<String, List<String>> map = new HashMap<String, List<String>>();
        for(String str:strs){
            char[] array = str.toCharArray();
            // 对字符数组进行排序,['e','a','t']排序为['a','e','t']
            Arrays.sort(array);
            // 将排序后的字符数组转换回字符串,作为哈希映射的键,将aet作为key来使用
            String key = new String(array);
            // 从哈希映射中获取键对应的异位词列表,如果不存在则返回一个新的列表
            // 从map中获取key为aet的值,由于第一个不存在,所以默认将字符数组中的eat添加到空列表list中
            List<String> list = map.getOrDefault(key,new ArrayList<String>());
            // 将当前字符串添加到异位词列表中
            // 现在list = ["eat"],eat的key是ate,key ate的值value是eat
            list.add(str);
            // 将异位词列表放回哈希映射中
            map.put(key,list);
        }
        // 将哈希映射中的所有值(即所有的异位词列表)转换为一个列表返回
        return new ArrayList<List<String>>(map.values());

    }

方法二

public List<List<String>> groupAnagrams(String[] strs) {
            Map<String, List<String>> map = new HashMap<String, List<String>>();
            // 遍历每一个字符串
            for (String str : strs) {
                // 26个字母设置26长度的数组,假设第一个是eat
                int[] counts = new int[26];
                // eat的字符长度为3
                int length = str.length();
                // 遍历当前字符串,更新字符计数数组
                // 这里的意思是遍历eat,计算出e对应的索引值4(4是e的那个ASCII码减去a的ASCII码为4),对应的数字个数是1
                // 即counts[4]所对应的值是1,而a是counts[0]对应1,t是counts[19]对应1
                for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
                    counts[str.charAt(i) - 'a']++;
                }
                // 创建一个字符串缓冲区,用于构建字符计数字符串
                // 将每个出现次数大于 0 的字母和出现次数按顺序拼接成字符串,作为哈希表的键,即key为a1e1t1对应的values值是eat
                StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
                for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) {
                    if (counts[i] != 0) {
                        sb.append((char) ('a' + i));
                        sb.append(counts[i]);
                    }
                }
                // 将字符计数字符串作为哈希映射的键
                String key = sb.toString();
                // 接下来就和法一类似,以此类推
                List<String> list = map.getOrDefault(key, new ArrayList<String>());
                list.add(str);
                map.put(key, list);
            }
            return new ArrayList<List<String>>(map.values());
        }
1. Two Sum 2. Add Two Numbers 3. Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters 4. Median of Two Sorted Arrays 5. Longest Palindromic Substring 6. ZigZag Conversion 7. Reverse Integer 8. String to Integer (atoi) 9. Palindrome Number 10. Regular Expression Matching 11. Container With Most Water 12. Integer to Roman 13. Roman to Integer 14. Longest Common Prefix 15. 3Sum 16. 3Sum Closest 17. Letter Combinations of a Phone Number 18. 4Sum 19. Remove Nth Node From End of List 20. Valid Parentheses 21. Merge Two Sorted Lists 22. Generate Parentheses 23. Swap Nodes in Pairs 24. Reverse Nodes in k-Group 25. Remove Duplicates from Sorted Array 26. Remove Element 27. Implement strStr() 28. Divide Two Integers 29. Substring with Concatenation of All Words 30. Next Permutation 31. Longest Valid Parentheses 32. Search in Rotated Sorted Array 33. Search for a Range 34. Find First and Last Position of Element in Sorted Array 35. Valid Sudoku 36. Sudoku Solver 37. Count and Say 38. Combination Sum 39. Combination Sum II 40. First Missing Positive 41. Trapping Rain Water 42. Jump Game 43. Merge Intervals 44. Insert Interval 45. Unique Paths 46. Minimum Path Sum 47. Climbing Stairs 48. Permutations 49. Permutations II 50. Rotate Image 51. Group Anagrams 52. Pow(x, n) 53. Maximum Subarray 54. Spiral Matrix 55. Jump Game II 56. Merge k Sorted Lists 57. Insertion Sort List 58. Sort List 59. Largest Rectangle in Histogram 60. Valid Number 61. Word Search 62. Minimum Window Substring 63. Unique Binary Search Trees 64. Unique Binary Search Trees II 65. Interleaving String 66. Maximum Product Subarray 67. Binary Tree Inorder Traversal 68. Binary Tree Preorder Traversal 69. Binary Tree Postorder Traversal 70. Flatten Binary Tree to Linked List 71. Construct Binary Tree from Preorder and Inorder Traversal 72. Construct Binary Tree from Inorder and Postorder Traversal 73. Binary Tree Level Order Traversal 74. Binary Tree Zigzag Level Order Traversal 75. Convert Sorted Array to Binary Search Tree 76. Convert Sorted List to Binary Search Tree 77. Recover Binary Search Tree 78. Sum Root to Leaf Numbers 79. Path Sum 80. Path Sum II 81. Binary Tree Maximum Path Sum 82. Populating Next Right Pointers in Each Node 83. Populating Next Right Pointers in Each Node II 84. Reverse Linked List 85. Reverse Linked List II 86. Partition List 87. Rotate List 88. Remove Duplicates from Sorted List 89. Remove Duplicates from Sorted List II 90. Intersection of Two Linked Lists 91. Linked List Cycle 92. Linked List Cycle II 93. Reorder List 94. Binary Tree Upside Down 95. Binary Tree Right Side View 96. Palindrome Linked List 97. Convert Binary Search Tree to Sorted Doubly Linked List 98. Lowest Common Ancestor of a Binary Tree 99. Lowest Common Ancestor of a Binary Search Tree 100. Binary Tree Level Order Traversal II
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