①划分网段
②配置ip地址
③写静态路由:
[r1]
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.23.0 24 192.168.12.2
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.23.0 24 192.168.13.3
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.10.0 24 192.168.12.2
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.20.0 24 192.168.13.3
[r2]
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.13.0 24 192.168.12.1
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.13.0 24 192.168.23.3
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.20.0 24 192.168.23.3
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.20.0 24 192.168.12.1
[r3]
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.12.0 24 192.168.13.1
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.12.0 24 192.168.23.2
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.10.0 24 192.168.23.2
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.10.0 24 192.168.13.1
tracert追踪路径:
PC1>tracert 192.168.20.254
traceroute to 192.168.20.254, 8 hops max
(ICMP), press Ctrl+C to stop
1 192.168.10.2 47 ms 32 ms 46 ms
2 192.168.12.1 47 ms 47 ms 31 ms
3 192.168.13.3 47 ms 47 ms 31 ms
4 192.168.20.254 94 ms 63 ms 93 ms
PC3>tracert 192.168.20.254
traceroute to 192.168.20.254, 8 hops max
(ICMP), press Ctrl+C to stop
1 192.168.10.2 31 ms 47 ms 47 ms
2 192.168.23.3 31 ms 47 ms 47 ms
3 192.168.20.254 63 ms 62 ms 63 ms
可以看到pc1和pc3的数据包选择了两条不同的路径到达pc2
这里涉及到华为路由器的逐流负载分担:
逐流负载分担是指按照一定的规则,如根据五元组(源IP地址、目的IP地址、协议号、源端口号、目的端口号),将报文分成不同的流,同一条流的报文将在同一条链路上发送。
逐包负载分担是指在转发时,按报文到来的次序,将报文均匀地分摊到参与负载的各条链路上。
逐包配置:
ip load-balance packet
那么如何让它们走相同的路径呢?
我们可以改变一条静态链路的优先级,比如:
[r2]
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.20.0 24 192.168.12.1 preference 100
因为静态路由的优先级默认为60,所以我们将一条链路的优先级改小(数字越大,优先级越小)
我们可以再次追踪路径来验证:
PC1>
PC>tracert 192.168.20.254
traceroute to 192.168.20.254, 8 hops max
(ICMP), press Ctrl+C to stop
1 192.168.10.2 47 ms 31 ms 47 ms
2 192.168.23.3 47 ms 47 ms 31 ms
3 192.168.20.254 94 ms 78 ms 93 ms
PC3>
PC>tracert 192.168.20.254
traceroute to 192.168.20.254, 8 hops max
(ICMP), press Ctrl+C to stop
1 192.168.10.2 47 ms 31 ms 47 ms
2 192.168.23.3 47 ms 47 ms 31 ms
3 192.168.20.254 94 ms 78 ms 93 ms
这样的话,如果我们断开R2和R3直接的链路,10网段和20网段还是可以正常通信,我们可以试试
[r2]
[Huawei]int g 0/0/2
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]shutdown
PC1>tracert 192.168.20.254
traceroute to 192.168.20.254, 8 hops max
(ICMP), press Ctrl+C to stop
1 192.168.10.2 31 ms 47 ms 47 ms
2 192.168.12.1 47 ms 31 ms 78 ms
3 192.168.13.3 31 ms 47 ms 47 ms
4 192.168.20.254 78 ms 94 ms 78 ms
PC3>tracert 192.168.20.254
traceroute to 192.168.20.254, 8 hops max
(ICMP), press Ctrl+C to stop
1 192.168.10.2 31 ms 47 ms 47 ms
2 192.168.12.1 47 ms 31 ms 78 ms
3 192.168.13.3 31 ms 47 ms 47 ms
4 192.168.20.254 78 ms 94 ms 78 ms
这样就实现了浮动路由