HttpServletResponse验证码功能

新建一个类继承HttpServlet，重写doGet方法在doGet里面写方法体

public class ImageServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {

        //如何让浏览器3秒自动刷新一次
        resp.setHeader("refresh","3");

        //在内存中创建一个图片
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(80,20,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);

        //通过图片创建一个画笔对象
        Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics(); //笔

        //设置图片的背景颜色
        g.setColor(Color.white);	//设置画笔的颜色
        g.fillRect(0,0,80,20);		//给图片填充背景颜色
        //给图片写数据
        g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
        g.setFont(new Font("null",Font.BOLD,20));	//设置字体
        g.drawString(makeNum(),40,10);	//绘制验证码

        //告诉浏览器，这个请求用图片的方式打开
        resp.setContentType("image/jpeg");
        //网站存在缓存，不让浏览器缓存
//        resp.setDateHeader("expires",-1);
//        resp.setHeader("Cache-Control","no-cache");
//        resp.setHeader("Pragma","no-cache");

        //把图片写给浏览器
        ImageIO.write(image,"jpg",resp.getOutputStream());
    }

    //生成随机数
    private String makeNum(){
        Random random = new Random();
        String num = random.nextInt(9999999) + "";
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        //这个for循环是用来控制验证码保持7位数，如果不够就用0填充
        for (int i = 0; i < 7 - num.length(); i++){
            sb.append("0");
        }
        num = sb.toString() + num;
        return num;
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

在web.xml里配置如下：

  <!-- 注册servlet -->
 <servlet>
        <servlet-name>ImageServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>edu.xian.serlvet.ImageServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
      <!-- servlet的请求路径 -->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>ImageServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/image</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

启动，Tomcat效果如下：