教你灵活使用http发送各种请求

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已于 2022-12-05 17:02:12 修改

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分类专栏： springboot 文章标签： http java https

于 2022-11-30 15:35:49 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_53524948/article/details/128116244

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httpclient发送请求

依赖:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
    <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
    <version>4.5</version>
</dependency>

1.发送带参数的http的get通用请求

public String doGetParms(String url,List<NameValuePair> list) throws IOException {

    CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
    String params = EntityUtils.toString(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(list,Consts.UTF_8));
    System.out.println("查询执行"+url+"?"+params);
    HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url+"?"+params);
    httpGet.setHeader("", "");   //根据自己的需要存放请求头参数,可以有多个一般是放Authorization
    httpGet.setHeader("","");
    String string = "";
    CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
    try {
        response = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpGet);     //执行
        HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();           //得到返回的数据
        string = EntityUtils.toString(entity, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);  //把返回数据转化成字符串,字符集为UTF_8
        System.out.println("查询的一个对象返回的string = " + string);
        EntityUtils.consume(entity);      //确保被消费

    }catch (Exception e){
        e.printStackTrace();
    }finally {
        if (response!=null){
            try {
                response.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }
        }
        if (closeableHttpClient!=null){
            try {
                closeableHttpClient.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }
        }
    }
    return string;
}

传的参数可以这样传

public void test(){
    String url = "";                                    //根据自己的路径修改url
    List<NameValuePair> list = new ArrayList<>();
    list.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username","xjq"));    //get请求所需要携带的参数放在这里，可以有多个
    list.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password","123456"));
    try {
        doGetParms(url,list);
    } catch (IOException e) {
        throw new RuntimeException(e);
    }
}

2.发送带参数的post请求,参数传参为form-data形式

public String doPost(String url, MultipartEntityBuilder multipartEntityBuilder) throws IOException {

    CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
    HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
    httpPost.setHeader("","");   //根据自己的需要存放请求头参数,可以有多个一般是放Authorization
	httpPost.setHeader("","");
    multipartEntityBuilder.setContentType(ContentType.create("multipart/form-data", Consts.UTF_8));//设置参数形式form-data
    httpPost.setEntity(multipartEntityBuilder.build());
    CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
    String str = null;
    try {
        response = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpPost);
        HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
        str = EntityUtils.toString(entity, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
        System.out.println("返回的string = " + str);
        EntityUtils.consume(entity);

    }catch (Exception e){
        e.printStackTrace();
    }finally {
        if (response!=null){
            response.close();
        }
        if (closeableHttpClient!=null){
            closeableHttpClient.close();
        }
    }
    return str;
}

传的参数可以这样传

public void test(){
        String url = "";        //根据自己的路径修改url
        MultipartEntityBuilder entityBuilder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create().setMode(HttpMultipartMode.RFC6532); //防止中文乱码
        ContentType contentType = ContentType.create("text/plain", Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
        entityBuilder.addTextBody("username","xjq");
        entityBuilder.addTextBody("password","123456");
        entityBuilder.addTextBody("personName","帅帅的泉",contentType);//如果传的参数是中文记得设置contentType不然传进去是乱码
    	try {
            doPost(url,entityBuilder);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
}

3.发送带参数的post请求,参数传参为json形式

public String doPostJson(String url, JSONObject jsonObject) throws IOException {

    CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
    HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
    httpPost.setHeader("","");  //根据自己的需要存放请求头参数,可以有多个一般是放Authorization
	httpPost.setHeader("","");

    StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(jsonObject.toString(),Consts.UTF_8);
    stringEntity.setContentType(new BasicHeader("Content-Type","application/json; charset=utf-8"));//设置传参为json形式,字符集为utf-8
    stringEntity.setContentEncoding(Consts.UTF_8.name());
    httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity);
    CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
    String str = null;
    try {
        response = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpPost);
        HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
        str = EntityUtils.toString(entity, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
        System.out.println("返回的string = " + str);
        EntityUtils.consume(entity);

    }catch (Exception e){
        e.printStackTrace();
    }finally {
        if (response!=null){
            response.close();
        }
        if (closeableHttpClient!=null){
            closeableHttpClient.close();
        }
    }
    return str;
}

传的参数可以这样传

public void test(){
        String url = "";        //根据自己的路径修改url
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
        jsonObject.put("username","xjq");
        jsonObject.put("password","123456");
    	try {
            doPostJson(url,jsonObject);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
}

4.发送带参数的put请求,参数传参为json形式

public String doPutJson(String url, JSONObject jsonObject) throws IOException {

        CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        HttpPut httpPut = new HttpPut(url);
        httpPut.setHeader("","");
        httpPut.setHeader("","");
        StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(jsonObject.toString(),Consts.UTF_8);
        stringEntity.setContentType(new BasicHeader("Content-Type","application/json; charset=utf-8"));
        stringEntity.setContentEncoding(Consts.UTF_8.name());
        httpPut.setEntity(stringEntity);
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        String str = null;
        try {
            response = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpPut);
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            str = EntityUtils.toString(entity, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
            System.out.println("返回的string = " + str);
            EntityUtils.consume(entity);

        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            if (response!=null){
                response.close();
            }
            if (closeableHttpClient!=null){
                closeableHttpClient.close();
            }
        }
        return str;
    }

传的参数可以这样传

public void test(){
        String url = "";        //根据自己的路径修改url
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
        jsonObject.put("username","xjq");
        jsonObject.put("password","123456");
    	try {
            doPostJson(url,jsonObject);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
}

5.发送带参数的delete请求,参数传参为json形式

1.首先导入自己的delete类

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpEntityEnclosingRequestBase;
import java.net.URI;
public class MyHttpDelete extends HttpEntityEnclosingRequestBase {

    public static final String METHOD_NAME = "DELETE";

    @Override
    public String getMethod() {
        return METHOD_NAME;
    }

    public MyHttpDelete(final String uri) {
        super();
        setURI(URI.create(uri));
    }

    public MyHttpDelete(final URI uri) {
        super();
        setURI(uri);
    }

    public MyHttpDelete() {
        super();
    }
}

2.发送delete请求

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

/**
 * @author xjq
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2022/11/3 15:45
 */
public class HttpJsonDel {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        String url = "http://localhost:8080/Json/del/33";
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        MyHttpDelete httpDelete = new MyHttpDelete(url);
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(30000).setConnectionRequestTimeout(30000).setSocketTimeout(10000).build();
        httpDelete.setConfig(requestConfig);
        httpDelete.setHeader("Content-type", "application/json");
        httpDelete.setHeader("DataEncoding", "UTF-8");

        CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;
        try {
            httpDelete.setEntity(new StringEntity(JSON.toJSONString(null),"UTF-8"));

            httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpDelete);
            HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();
            StringBuilder entityStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
            BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader
                    (new InputStreamReader(entity.getContent(), "UTF-8"), 8 * 1024);
            String line = null;
            while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
                entityStringBuilder.append(line);
            }
            System.out.println("客户端获取响应报文：" + entityStringBuilder.toString());
        } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (httpResponse != null) {
                try {
                    httpResponse.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (null != httpClient) {
                try {
                    httpClient.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }

    }
}

利用hutool封装好的方法发送http请求

User实体类:

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class User {
    private Integer userId;
    private String userName;
    private String password;
}

1.发送带参数的post请求,参数传参为json形式

接口如下:

@PostMapping("http")
public String http(@RequestBody User user){
    return "http:用户名:"+ user.getUserName() + " 密码:"+user.getPassword();
}

测试:

//利用hutool发送post带参数(json)请求
JSONObject json = new JSONObject();
json.put("userName", "xjq");
json.put("password", "123456");
String result = HttpRequest.post("http://localhost:8080/test/http")
        .header("Content-Type", "application/json")//头信息，多个头信息多次调用此方法即可
        .body(String.valueOf(json))
        .execute().body();
System.out.println("result = " + result);

2.发送带参数的get请求

接口如下:

@GetMapping("http2")
public String http2(User user){
    return "http:用户名:"+ user.getUserName() + " 密码:"+user.getPassword();
}

测试:

//利用hutool发送get带参数请求
Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("userName", "xjq");
map.put("password", "123456");
String result2 = HttpRequest.get("http://localhost:8080/test/http2")
        .form(map)
        .execute().body();
System.out.println("result2 = " + result2);

3.发送带参数的put请求,参数传参为json形式

接口如下：

@PutMapping("http3")
public String http3(@RequestBody User user){
    return "http:用户名:"+ user.getUserName() + " 密码:"+user.getPassword();
}

测试：

JSONObject json3 = new JSONObject();
json3.put("userName", "xjq");
json3.put("password", "123456");
String result3 = HttpRequest.put("http://localhost:8080/test/http3")
        .header("Content-Type", "application/json")//头信息，多个头信息多次调用此方法即可
        .body(String.valueOf(json3))
        .execute().body();
System.out.println("result3 = " + result3);

最后结果：

result = http:用户名:xjq 密码:123456
result2 = http:用户名:xjq 密码:123456
result3 = http:用户名:xjq 密码:123456

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教你灵活使用http发送各种请求

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专栏目录

教你灵活使用http发送各种请求

httpclient发送请求

1.发送带参数的http的get通用请求

2.发送带参数的post请求,参数传参为form-data形式

3.发送带参数的post请求,参数传参为json形式

4.发送带参数的put请求,参数传参为json形式

5.发送带参数的delete请求,参数传参为json形式

利用hutool封装好的方法发送http请求

1.发送带参数的post请求,参数传参为json形式

2.发送带参数的get请求

3.发送带参数的put请求,参数传参为json形式

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