移动应用开发技术-实验3.2

1 、程序主界面如图 4 所示。

2、点击“发送广播消息”按钮后，触发 BroadcastReceiver 的执行，在系统通知

栏上显示一个通知图标，如图 5 所示；下拉通知栏后如图 6 所示；点击“清除通

知图标”按钮后，清除通知栏的相应图标。

这块用到了广播接收器，首先需要注册广播，注册广播的方式有两种：一种为静态注册，在清单文件中注册，这种注册是常驻型广播；还有一种是动态注册，需要自己编写代码来注册广播，这种注册是非常驻型广播。这块我们用到了静态注册，清单文件中代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.myapplication6">
    <uses-permission
        android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED"/>

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/Theme.MyApplication6">
        <receiver
            android:name=".MyBroadcastReceiver"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="true">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>

        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>

布局文件很简单，就是两个按钮

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/mybutton1"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="发送广播消息"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/mybutton2"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="清除通知图标"/>

</LinearLayout>

创建MyBroadcastReceiver类继承 BroadcastReceiver来重写里面的OnReceiver方法代码如下：

package com.example.myapplication6;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MyBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

    static final String ACTION="android.intnet.action.BOOT_COMPLETED";
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        // TODO: This method is called when the BroadcastReceiver is receiving
        // an Intent broadcast.
       if(intent.getAction().equals(ACTION)){
           Intent intent1=new Intent(context,MainActivity.class);
           intent1.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);

           context.startActivity(intent1);//用来传递消息
       }

    }
}

主函数中需要创建通知频道来接收广播，在此之前还要判断AS的版本是否满足要求，以免出错，具体代码如下：

package com.example.myapplication6;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.core.app.NotificationCompat;

import android.annotation.TargetApi;
import android.app.Notification;
import android.app.NotificationChannel;
import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

import java.util.prefs.NodeChangeEvent;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity  implements View.OnClickListener {

    private NotificationManager manager;
    private Context contex;


    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        manager=(NotificationManager)getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);

        if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT>=Build.VERSION_CODES.O){
            String channelld="mybutton1";
            String channelName="发送广播消息啦";
            int improtance=NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH;
            createNotificationChannel(channelld,channelName,improtance);

        }
        Button mybutton1=findViewById(R.id.mybutton1);
        mybutton1.setOnClickListener(this);
        Button mybutton2=findViewById(R.id.mybutton2);
        mybutton2.setOnClickListener(this);
    }
    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.O)
    private void createNotificationChannel(String channelld, String channelName, int improtance) {
        NotificationChannel channel=new NotificationChannel(channelld,channelName,improtance);
        NotificationManager notificationManager=(NotificationManager)getSystemService(
              NOTIFICATION_SERVICE
        );
        notificationManager.createNotificationChannel(channel);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        switch(v.getId()){
            case R.id.mybutton1:
                Notification notification=new NotificationCompat.Builder(this,"mybutton1").
                       setAutoCancel(true).
                       setContentTitle(getString(R.string.app_name)).
                        setContentText("这是一条通知1312020066狗子的消息").
                        setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis()).
                        setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher).setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(),R.mipmap.ic_launcher)).build();
                manager.notify(1,notification);
                break;
            case R.id.mybutton2:
                manager.cancel(1);

        }
    }
}

效果图如下：