【opencv】ubuntu20.04/18.04源码编译安装opencv3.2.0保姆教程(附:github下载安装包及其非常重要的依赖包)& 所有错误总结

• 文末附件安装包及其所有依赖包

• 安装依赖：

  sudo apt-get install build-essential
  sudo apt-get install libopenblas-dev
  sudo apt-get install git pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
  # 处理图像所需的包
  sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff5-dev libdc1394-22-dev
  sudo apt-get install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libv4l-dev liblapacke-dev
  # 处理视频所需的包
  sudo apt-get install libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev 
  # 优化opencv功能
  sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev gfortran
  sudo apt-get install ffmpeg

• 编译opencv

  首先将opencv_contrib-3.2.0文件夹移动到opencv-3.2.0里边

• /home/sensiz/WorkingSpace/opencv-3.2.0 改为自己对应位置

  cd opencv-3.2.0
  mkdir build
  cd build
  
  //编译contrib 用该条cmake
  cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release OPENCV_ENABLE_NONFREE=ON  \
  -D ENABLE_PRECOMPILED_HEADERS=OFF -D OPENCV_GENERATE_PKGCONFIG=YES \
  -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=/home/sensiz/WorkingSpace/opencv-3.2.0/opencv_contrib-3.2.0/modules \
  -D CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS=-lcblas \
  -D  CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/ ..
  
  make -j8
  
  sudo make install

  ---

  cmake中出现的问题（替换对应文件路径）：

  • ippicv_linux_20151201.tgz路径( Error：3party hash 不匹配)，更换以下路径中的对应文件。

    opencv-3.2.0/3rdparty/ippicv/downloads/linux-808.../ippicv.cmake

  • protobuf 3.1 路径( Error: 卡在这里：Downloading v3.1.0/protobuf-cpp-3.1.0.tar.gz...)，此处需要科学上网才能下载，文末已经下载好了，替换下面路径对应文件。

    opencv_contrib-3.2.0/modules/dnn/.download/bd5e3eed635a8d32e2b99658633815ef/v3.1.0/

  注意: 得先再次运行cmake才会生成.download文件路径（快捷键：ctrl+H打开隐藏文件）

  • .i文件路径（特殊48.i处理）( Error：

    Download: Local copy of vgg_generated_48.i has invalid MD5 hash

    Downloading vgg_generated_48.i...)，同样的，需要科学上网才能下载，文末已经下载好了，替换下面路径对应文件，如果其他.i文件也有报错，一并替换即可。

    opencv_contrib-3.2.0/modules/xfeatures2d/cmake/.download/

  ---

  make中出现的错误：

  • Error: 对‘cblas_sgemm(CBLAS_ORDER, CBLAS_TRANSPOSE, CBLAS_TRANSPOSE, int, int, int, float, float const, int, float const, int, float, float, int)’未定义的引用*

    （可以直接在第一次cmake中就加入 -D CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS=-lcblas）

    opencv3.3.0安装过程报错 undefined reference to `cblas_zgemm‘解决方案

    sudo apt-get install libopenblas-dev
    
    cmake -D CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS=-lcblas ...

    说明：cmake过程中加入-D CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS=-lcblas

  • Error: fatal error: LAPACKE_H_PATH-NOTFOUND/lapacke.h: 没有那个文件或目录

    #include "LAPACKE_H_PATH-NOTFOUND/lapacke.h"

    Ubuntu16.04编译opencv3.2.0的lapack错误解决方法

  • Error: error: ‘CODEC_FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER’ was not declared in this scope

    Ubuntu 安装opencv320 报错 error: 'CODEC_FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER' was not declared in this scope

• 环境配置

  # 设置opencv环境变量，首先将OpenCV的库添加到路径，从而可以让系统找到 
  # 执行此命令后打开的可能是一个空白的文件，不用管它，只需要在文件末尾添加
  sudo gedit /etc/ld.so.conf.d/opencv.conf
  # 添加如下内容：
  /usr/local/lib
  
  # 或者如下命令(同上效果)
  sudo /bin/bash -c 'echo "/usr/local/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/opencv.conf'
  
  # 执行保存文件后，要运行如下命令使得刚才的配置路径生效
  sudo ldconfig
  
  # 添加OpenCV环境变量到.bashrc文件 ，在bashrc中添加
  sudo gedit /etc/bash.bashrc
  
  # 添加如下内容
  PKG_CONFIG_PATH=$PKG_CONFIG_PATH:/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig 
  export PKG_CONFIG_PATH
  
  # 保存，执行如下命令使得配置文件生效
  source /etc/bash.bashrc

• 验证环境

  pkg-config --cflags opencv
  
  # 输出的是编译时需要的头文件路径：
  -I/usr/local/include/opencv -I/usr/local/include
  
  pkg-config --libs opencv
  
  # 输出的是编译时需要的链接库：
  -L/usr/local/lib -lopencv_stitching -lopencv_superres -lopencv_videostab -lopencv_aruco -lopencv_bgsegm -lopencv_bioinspired -lopencv_ccalib -lopencv_dpm -lopencv_freetype -lopencv_fuzzy -lopencv_line_descriptor -lopencv_optflow -lopencv_reg -lopencv_saliency -lopencv_stereo -lopencv_structured_light -lopencv_phase_unwrapping -lopencv_rgbd -lopencv_surface_matching -lopencv_tracking -lopencv_datasets -lopencv_text -lopencv_face -lopencv_plot -lopencv_dnn -lopencv_xfeatures2d -lopencv_shape -lopencv_video -lopencv_ximgproc -lopencv_calib3d -lopencv_features2d -lopencv_flann -lopencv_xobjdetect -lopencv_objdetect -lopencv_ml -lopencv_xphoto -lopencv_highgui -lopencv_videoio -lopencv_imgcodecs -lopencv_photo -lopencv_imgproc -lopencv_core

github下载安装包及其非常重要的依赖包：

链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1SSGtiMurr5iFGcMy0nzGPQ 提取码: 0323