网络编程（之四：通过UDP实现）

网络编程（之四：通过UDP实现）

UDP传输是一个面向无连接的传输方式，什么叫无连接呢，简单点说呢就是不管你在不在线，我都发数据给你。就像发短信一样，不用连接 但是需要对方的地址。

Java中主要实现UDP的类：

java.net.DatagramPacket

一、UDP实现消息发送

发送端

package cn.chao.Network.Lesson03;


import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;

//不需要连接服务器
public class UdpClientDemo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
     //1.建立一个Socket
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();
     //2.建立一个包
        String msg = "你好啊，服务器！";
     //服务器地址
        InetAddress localhost = InetAddress.getByName("localhost");
        int port = 9090;
        //DatagramPacket参数的意思（数据，数据的长度起始，发送给谁）
        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(msg.getBytes(), 0, msg.getBytes().length, localhost, port);

        //3.发送包
        socket.send(packet);
        //4.关闭流
        socket.close();
    }
}

接收端

package cn.chao.Network.Lesson03;

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;

//还是需要等待客户端的连接
public class UdpServerDemo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args)  throws Exception{
        //开发端口
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(9090);
        //接受数据包
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer, 0, buffer.length);
        socket.receive(packet);//阻塞接收
        System.out.println(packet.getAddress().getHostAddress());
        System.out.println(new String(packet.getData(),0,packet.getLength()));
        //关闭连接
        socket.close();
    }
}

二、UDP实现聊天

发送端

package cn.chao.Network.chat;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;


public class UdpSendDemo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(8888);
        //准备数据：控制台读取System.in
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        while (true) {
            String data = reader.readLine();
            byte[] datas = data.getBytes();
            DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(datas, 0, datas.length, new InetSocketAddress("localhost", 6666));
            socket.send(packet);
            if (data.equals("bye")){
                break;
            }
        }

        socket.close();
    }
}

接收端

package cn.chao.Network.chat;

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;

public class UdpReceiveDemo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(6666);
        while (true){
            //准备接受包裹
            byte[] containet = new byte[1024];
            DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(containet, 0, containet.length);
            socket.receive(packet);//阻塞式接受包裹
            //断开连接
            byte[] data = packet.getData();
            String receiveData = new String(data, 0, data.length);
            System.out.println(receiveData);
            if (receiveData.equals("bye")){
                break;
            }
        }
        socket.close();
    }
}

效果展示

发送端

接收端