Java 类和对象 课后习题

目录

1、定义学生类

2、定义矩形类

3、定义日期类

4、定义复数类

5、输入多个学生的学号，姓名，数学，语文，英语成绩，按总分从大到小排序

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1、定义学生类

 （1）成员变量：学号（String），姓名（String），专业（String）。 

 （2）构造方法：已知学号，姓名，专业创建学生对象。 

 （3） 编写获取学生信息的方法public String toString()，学生信息格式要求如下： 学号***，姓名***，专业***。 

 （4） 在main方法中测试你写的类： 创建三个学生对象，并输出他们的信息。

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {
	public static void main(String args[]) {
		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
		Student s1 = new Student(sc.next(), sc.next(), sc.next());
		Student s2 = new Student(sc.next(), sc.next(), sc.next());
		Student s3 = new Student(sc.next(), sc.next(), sc.next());
		System.out.println(s1.toString());
		System.out.println(s2.toString());
		System.out.println(s3.toString());
	}
}

class Student {
	String sno, sname, spe; //sno学号 sname姓名 spe专业

	// 构造函数，自动生成，source菜单-generate constructor using fields

	public Student(String sno, String sname, String spe) {
		super();
		this.sno = sno;
		this.sname = sname;
		this.spe = spe;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "学号" + sno + "，姓名" + sname + "，专业" + spe;
	}
}

2、定义矩形类

 （1）成员变量：矩形长度和宽度（整数）。

 （2）构造方法：已知长宽创建矩形对象。 

 （3） 编写计算周长和面积的两个方法。 

 （4）在main方法中测试你写的类： 创建一个矩形对象，并输出它的周长和面积。

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {
	public static void main(String args[]) {
		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
		Rectangle rec1 = new Rectangle(sc.nextInt(), sc.nextInt());
		System.out.println(rec1.c());
		System.out.println(rec1.s());
	}
}

class Rectangle {
	int len, wid; // len长 wid宽

	// 构造函数，自动生成，source菜单-generate constructor using fields

	public Rectangle(int len, int wid) {
		super();
		this.len = len;
		this.wid = wid;
	}

	public int c() { // 矩形周长
		return 2 * (len + wid);
	}

	public int s() { // 矩形面积
		return len * wid;
	}
}

3、定义日期类

 （1）成员变量：年、月、日。

 （2）构造方法1：已知年月日得到日期对象。

 （3）构造方法2：创建默认日期对象（年默认值1900，月默认值1，日默认值1）。

 （4）编写判断年份是否闰年的方法。 

（5）编写计算给定日期是一年中的第几天的方法。 

（6）编写返回日期信息的方法，日期格式：”*年*月*日“。 

（7）在main方法中测试你写的类： 创建一个日期对象，并输出该日期信息及它是一年中的第几天。

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {
	public static void main(String args[]) {
		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
		// 输入 年 月 日
		Date x = new Date(sc.nextInt(), sc.nextInt(), sc.nextInt());
		System.out.println(x);
		System.out.println(x.IsLeapYear());
		System.out.println(x.WhatDays());
	}
}

class Date {
	int year, month, day; // year年 month月 day日

	// 构造函数，自动生成，source菜单-generate constructor using fields

	public Date(int year, int month, int day) {
		super();
		this.year = year;
		this.month = month;
		this.day = day;
	}

	public boolean IsLeapYear() { //判断是否为闰年
		if (year % 3200 == 0) {
			return false;
		} else if ((year % 400 == 0) || (year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0)) {
			return true;
		} else {
			return false;
		}
	}

	public int WhatDays() { // 判断是一年中的第几天
		int days = day;
		int[] m = { 0, 31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31 };
		for (int i = 0; i < month; i++) {
			days += m[i];
		}
		if (IsLeapYear() && month > 2) { // 闰年2月有29天
			days++;
		}
		return days;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return year + "年" + month + "月" + day + "日";
	}

}

4、定义复数类

（1）成员变量：实部（Double）和虚部（Double） 

（2）构造方法1：已知实部、虚部得到复数对象。

（3）构造方法2：创建默认复数对象，实部和虚部默认0.0。 

（4）成员方法：编写复数的加、减、乘、除、返回复数信息（实部+虚部*i）方法。
（四种运算可以重载多个方法，比如对加运算，可以两个复数加，可以复数和实数加）

（5）在main方法中测试你写的类： 创建两个复数对象，输出它们的加、减、乘、除的结果信息。

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {
	public static void main(String args[]) {
		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
		System.out.println("请输入复数c1");
		Complex c1 = new Complex(sc.nextDouble(), sc.nextDouble());
		System.out.println(c1);
		System.out.println("请输入复数c2");
		Complex c2 = new Complex(sc.nextDouble(), sc.nextDouble());
		System.out.println(c2);
		Complex c3 = new Complex(0.0, 0.0);
		System.out.println("c1" + "+" + "c2:");
		c1.add(c2);
		System.out.println("c1" + "-" + "c2:");
		c1.sub(c2);
		System.out.println("c1" + "×" + "c2:");
		c1.mul(c2);
		System.out.println("c1" + "÷" + "c2:");
		c1.div(c2);

	}
}

class Complex {
	double realpart, imaginarypart; /* realpart实部 imaginarypart虚部 */

	// 构造函数，自动生成，source菜单-generate constructor using fields

	public Complex(double realpart, double imaginarypart) {
		super();
		this.realpart = realpart;
		this.imaginarypart = imaginarypart;
	}

	public void add(Complex x) {// 加
		realpart = realpart + x.realpart;
		imaginarypart = imaginarypart + x.imaginarypart;
		System.out.println("复数:" + realpart + "+" + imaginarypart + "*i");
	}

	public void sub(Complex x) {// 减
		realpart = realpart - x.realpart;
		imaginarypart = imaginarypart - x.imaginarypart;
		System.out.println("复数:" + realpart + "+" + imaginarypart + "*i");
	}

	public void mul(Complex x) {// 乘
		realpart = (realpart * x.realpart) - (imaginarypart * x.imaginarypart);
		imaginarypart = (imaginarypart * x.realpart)
				+ (realpart * x.imaginarypart);
		System.out.print("复数:");
		System.out.printf("%.1f", realpart);
		if (imaginarypart >= 0) {
			System.out.print("+");
		}
		System.out.printf("%.1f", imaginarypart);
		System.out.println("*i");
	}

	public void div(Complex x) {// 除
		realpart = ((realpart * x.realpart) + (imaginarypart * x.imaginarypart))
				/ (x.realpart * x.realpart + x.imaginarypart * x.imaginarypart);
		imaginarypart = ((imaginarypart * x.realpart) - (realpart * x.imaginarypart))
				/ ((x.realpart * x.realpart + x.imaginarypart * x.imaginarypart));
		System.out.print("复数:");
		System.out.printf("%.1f", realpart);
		if (imaginarypart >= 0) {
			System.out.print("+");
		}
		System.out.printf("%.1f", imaginarypart);
		System.out.println("*i");
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "复数:" + realpart + "+" + imaginarypart + "*i";
	}
}

//代码二
public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Complex c1 = new Complex(1, 2);
        Complex c2 = new Complex(3, 4);
        double c3=5;
        System.out.println(c1.add(c2));
        System.out.println(c1.mul(c3));
    }
}
 
class Complex {
    double real, ima;
 
    public Complex(double a, double b) {
        real = a;
        ima = b;
    }
 
    public Complex add(Complex a) {
        return new Complex(this.real + a.real, this.ima + a.ima);
    }
 
    public Complex add(double a) {
        return new Complex(this.real + a, this.ima);
    }
 
    public Complex sub(Complex a) {
        return new Complex(this.real - a.real, this.ima - a.ima);
    }
 
    public Complex sub(double a) {
        return new Complex(this.real - a, this.ima);
    }
 
    public Complex mul(Complex a) {
        return new Complex(this.real * a.real - this.ima * a.ima, this.real * a.ima + this.ima * a.real);
    }
 
    public Complex mul(double a) {
        return new Complex(this.real * a, this.ima * a);
    }
 
    public Complex div(Complex a) {
        double z = a.real * a.real + a.ima * a.ima;
        double x = (this.real * a.real + this.ima * a.ima) / z;
        double y = (this.ima * a.real - this.real * a.ima) / z;
        return new Complex(x, y);
    }
 
    public Complex div(double a) {
 
        return new Complex(this.real / a, this.ima / a);
    }
 
    // 重新改写父类Object中的toString（）方法
    public String toString() {
        if (ima >= 0.0)
            return real + "+" + ima + "*i";
        else
            return real + "-" + (-ima) + "*i";
    }
}

5、输入多个学生的学号，姓名，数学，语文，英语成绩，按总分从大到小排序

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {
	public static void main(String args[]) {
		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
		System.out.println("请输入学生人数：");
		int n = sc.nextInt();
		Student[] students = new Student[n];
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
			students[i] = new Student(sc.next(), sc.next(), sc.nextInt(), sc.nextInt(), sc.nextInt());
		}
		// 选择排序
		for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
			int max = i;
			for (int j = i + 1; j < n; j++) {
				if (students[j].sum > students[max].sum) {
					max = j;
				}
			}
			Student t = students[i];
			students[i] = students[max];
			students[max] = t;
		}
		System.out.println("学号" + "\t" + "姓名" + "\t" + "数学" + "\t" + "语文" + "\t" + "英语" + "\t" + "总分");
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
			System.out.println(students[i].toString());
		}
	}
}

class Student {
	String spe, sname; // 学号、姓名
	int math, chinese, english; // 数学、语文、英语成绩
	int sum;// 总分

	// 构造函数，自动生成，source菜单-generate constructor using fields

	public Student(String spe, String sname, int math, int chinese, int english) {
		super();
		this.spe = spe;
		this.sname = sname;
		this.math = math;
		this.chinese = chinese;
		this.english = english;
		this.sum = math + chinese + english;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return spe + "\t" + sname + "\t" + math + "\t" + chinese + "\t"
				+ english + "\t" + sum;
	}
}