python爬虫之数据解析操作

python爬虫之scrapy数据解析操作

scrapy数据解析操作：利用scrapy爬取段子标题和内容
终端输入：
1、scrapy startproject qiushiPro创建爬虫文件夹
2、cd qiushiPro进入qiushiPro文件夹
3、scrapy genspider qiushi www.xxx.com创建爬虫代码qiushi.py
4、进入qiushi.py，修改如下：

import scrapy


class QiushiSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = "qiushi"
    # allowed_domains = ["www.xxx.com"]
    start_urls = ["https://www.qiushile.com/duanzi/"]

    def parse(self, response):
        #解析：段子标题+段子内容
        li_list = response.xpath('//*[@id="ct"]/div[1]/div[2]/ul')
        for li in li_list:
            #xpath返回的是列表，但是列表元素一定是Selector类型的对象
            #extract可以将Selector对象中data参数存储的字符串提取出来
            # title = li.xpath('./li/div[2]/div[1]/a/text()')[0].extract()
            title = li.xpath('./li/div[2]/div[1]/a/text()').extract_first()
            #列表调用了extract之后，则表示将列表中每一个Selector对象中data对应的字符串提取了出来
            content = li.xpath('./li/div[2]/div[2]//text()')[0].extract()


            print(title,content)

            break

5、settings.py配置文件中修改ROBOTSTXT_OBEY，添加LOG_LEVEL、USER_AGENT。

#显示指定类型的日志信息
LOG_LEVEL = "ERROR"

# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
USER_AGENT = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/116.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/116.0.1938.76"

# Obey robots.txt rules
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False

6、终端输入：scrapy crawl qiushi执行程序