目录：
- 脚手架配置代理_方法一
- server1.js
- 开启服务器server1:
- App.js
- 解决跨域问题：
- 脚手架配置代理_方法二
- server2.js
- 开启服务器server2
- 第一步：创建代理配置文件
- 编写setupProxy.js配置具体代理规则：
- App.js
- 运行结果：
- 说明：
- github用户搜索案例
- github搜索案例_静态组件
- github搜索案例_axios发送请求
- github搜索案例_展示数据
- github搜索案例_完成案例
- 消息订阅与发布_pubsub
- fetch发送请求
1.脚手架配置代理_方法一
server1.js
const express = require('express')
const app = express()
app.use((request,response,next)=>{
console.log('有人请求服务器1了');
console.log('请求来自于',request.get('Host'));
console.log('请求的地址',request.url);
next()
})
app.get('/students',(request,response)=>{
const students = [
{id:'001',name:'tom',age:18},
{id:'002',name:'jerry',age:19},
{id:'003',name:'tony',age:120},
]
response.send(students)
})
app.listen(5000,(err)=>{
if(!err) console.log('服务器1启动成功了,请求学生信息地址为：http://localhost:5000/students');
})
开启服务器server1:
App.js
import React, {Component} from 'react';
import axios from "axios";
class App extends Component {
getStudentData = () => {
axios.get('http://localhost:5000/students').then(
response => {
console.log('成功了', response.data);
},
error => {
console.log('失败了', error);
}
)
}
render() {
return (
<div>
<button onClick={this.getStudentData}>点我获取学生数据</button>
</div>
);
}
}
export default App;解决跨域问题：
package.json
{
"name": "20231003",
"version": "0.1.0",
"private": true,
"dependencies": {
"@testing-library/jest-dom": "^5.17.0",
"@testing-library/react": "^13.4.0",
"@testing-library/user-event": "^13.5.0",
"axios": "^1.5.1",
"nanoid": "^5.0.1",
"prop-types": "^15.8.1",
"react": "^18.2.0",
"react-dom": "^18.2.0",
"react-scripts": "5.0.1",
"web-vitals": "^2.1.4"
},
"scripts": {
"start": "react-scripts start",
"build": "react-scripts build",
"test": "react-scripts test",
"eject": "react-scripts eject"
},
"eslintConfig": {
"extends": [
"react-app",
"react-app/jest"
]
},
"browserslist": {
"production": [
">0.2%",
"not dead",
"not op_mini all"
],
"development": [
"last 1 chrome version",
"last 1 firefox version",
"last 1 safari version"
],
"proxy": "http://localhost:5000"
}
}
使用方法一遇到了bug,去stackoverflow解决一下，能解决，但是有更好的方法，方法一不在继续了.node.js - Invalid options object. Dev Server has been initialized using an options object that does not match the API schema - Stack Overflow
2.脚手架配置代理_方法二
server2.js
const express = require('express')
const app = express()
app.use((request,response,next)=>{
console.log('有人请求服务器2了');
next()
})
app.get('/cars',(request,response)=>{
const cars = [
{id:'001',name:'奔驰',price:199},
{id:'002',name:'马自达',price:109},
{id:'003',name:'捷达',price:120},
]
response.send(cars)
})
app.listen(5001,(err)=>{
if(!err) console.log('服务器2启动成功了,请求汽车信息地址为：http://localhost:5001/cars');
})
开启服务器server2
访问端口：
第一步：创建代理配置文件
在src下创建配置文件：src/setupProxy.js
编写setupProxy.js配置具体代理规则：
这个适合低版本
const proxy = require('http-proxy-middleware')
module.exports = function(app) {
app.use(
proxy('/api1', { //api1是需要转发的请求(所有带有/api1前缀的请求都会转发给5000)
target: 'http://localhost:5000', //配置转发目标地址(能返回数据的服务器地址)
changeOrigin: true, //控制服务器接收到的请求头中host字段的值
/*
changeOrigin设置为true时，服务器收到的请求头中的host为：localhost:5000
changeOrigin设置为false时，服务器收到的请求头中的host为：localhost:3000
changeOrigin默认值为false，但我们一般将changeOrigin值设为true
*/
pathRewrite: {'^/api1': ''} //去除请求前缀，保证交给后台服务器的是正常请求地址(必须配置)
}),
proxy('/api2', {
target: 'http://localhost:5001',
changeOrigin: true,
pathRewrite: {'^/api2': ''}
})
)
}
我使用的node是：v18.18.0
//react 18版本写法
const {createProxyMiddleware} = require('http-proxy-middleware')
module.exports = function (app) {
app.use(
createProxyMiddleware('/api1', {
target: 'http://localhost:5000',
changeOrigin: true,
pathRewrite: {'^/api1': ''}
}),
createProxyMiddleware('/api2', {
target: 'http://localhost:5001',
changeOrigin: true,
pathRewrite: {'^/api2': ''}
}),
)
}
App.js
import React, {Component} from 'react';
import axios from "axios";
class App extends Component {
getStudentData = () => {
axios.get('http://localhost:3000/api1/students').then(
response => {
console.log('成功了', response.data);
},
error => {
console.log('失败了', error);
}
)
}
getCarData = () => {
axios.get('http://localhost:3000/api2/cars').then(
response => {
console.log('成功了', response.data);
},
error => {
console.log('失败了', error);
}
)
}
render() {
return (
<div>
<button onClick={this.getStudentData}>点我获取学生数据</button>
<button onClick={this.getCarData}>点我获取汽车数据</button>
</div>
);
}
}
export default App;运行结果：
说明：
-
优点：可以配置多个代理，可以灵活的控制请求是否走代理。
-
缺点：配置繁琐，前端请求资源时必须加前缀。
3.github用户搜索案例
github搜索案例_静态组件
App.js
import React, {Component} from 'react';
import Search from './components/Search/Search'
import List from "./components/List/List";
class App extends Component {
render() {
return (
<div>
<div className="container">
<Search></Search>
<List></List>
</div>
</div>
);
}
}
export default App;index.js
import React from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom/client';
import App from './App';
const root = ReactDOM.createRoot(document.getElementById('root'));
root.render(<App/>);List.jsx
import React, {Component} from 'react';
import './List.css'
class List extends Component {
render() {
return (
<div>
<div className="row">
<div className="card">
<a rel="noreferrer" href="https://github.com/reactjs" target="_blank">
<img alt="head_protrait" src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/6412038?v=3" style={{width:'100px'}}/>
</a>
<p className="card-text">reactjs</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
);
}
}
export default List;List.css
.album {
min-height: 50rem; /* Can be removed; just added for demo purposes */
padding-top: 3rem;
padding-bottom: 3rem;
background-color: #f7f7f7;
}
.card {
float: left;
width: 33.333%;
padding: .75rem;
margin-bottom: 2rem;
border: 1px solid #efefef;
text-align: center;
}
.card > img {
margin-bottom: .75rem;
border-radius: 100px;
}
.card-text {
font-size: 85%;
}
Search.jsx
import React, {Component} from 'react';
class Search extends Component {
render() {
return (
<div>
<section className="jumbotron">
<h3 className="jumbotron-heading">Search Github Users</h3>
<div>
<input type="text" placeholder="enter the name you search"/>
<button>Search</button>
</div>
</section>
</div>
);
}
}
export default Search;运行结果：
github搜索案例_axios发送请求
demo.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
let obj = {a: {b: {c: 1}}}
let obj2 = {a: {b: 1}}
console.log(obj.a.b.c)
const {a: {b: {c}}} = obj
console.log(c)
const {a: {b: data}} = obj2
console.log(data)
</script>
</body>
</html>server.js
const express = require("express")
const axios = require("axios")
const app = express()
/*
请求地址： http://localhost:3000/search/users?q=aa
后台路由
key： /search/users
value： function () {}
*/
app.get("/search/users", function (req, res) {
const {q} = req.query
axios({
url: 'https://api.github.com/search/users',
params: {q}
}).then(response => {
res.json(response.data)
})
})
app.get("/search/users2", function (req, res) {
res.json({
items: [
{
login: "yyx990803",
html_url: "https://github.com/yyx990803",
avatar_url:
"https://avatars3.githubusercontent.com/u/499550?s=460&u=de41ec9325e8a92e281b96a1514a0fd1cd81ad4a&v=4",
id: 1,
},
{
login: "ruanyf",
html_url: "https://github.com/ruanyf",
avatar_url: "https://avatars2.githubusercontent.com/u/905434?s=460&v=4",
id: 2,
},
{
login: "yyx9908032",
html_url: "https://github.com/yyx990803",
avatar_url:
"https://avatars3.githubusercontent.com/u/499550?s=460&u=de41ec9325e8a92e281b96a1514a0fd1cd81ad4a&v=4",
id: 3,
},
{
login: "ruanyf2",
html_url: "https://github.com/ruanyf",
avatar_url: "https://avatars2.githubusercontent.com/u/905434?s=460&v=4",
id: 4,
},
{
login: "yyx9908033",
html_url: "https://github.com/yyx990803",
avatar_url:
"https://avatars3.githubusercontent.com/u/499550?s=460&u=de41ec9325e8a92e281b96a1514a0fd1cd81ad4a&v=4",
id: 5,
},
{
login: "ruanyf3",
html_url: "https://github.com/ruanyf",
avatar_url: "https://avatars2.githubusercontent.com/u/905434?s=460&v=4",
id: 6,
},
{
login: "yyx9908034",
html_url: "https://github.com/yyx990803",
avatar_url:
"https://avatars3.githubusercontent.com/u/499550?s=460&u=de41ec9325e8a92e281b96a1514a0fd1cd81ad4a&v=4",
id: 7,
},
{
login: "ruanyf4",
html_url: "https://github.com/ruanyf",
avatar_url: "https://avatars2.githubusercontent.com/u/905434?s=460&v=4",
id: 8,
},
{
login: "yyx9908035",
html_url: "https://github.com/yyx990803",
avatar_url:
"https://avatars3.githubusercontent.com/u/499550?s=460&u=de41ec9325e8a92e281b96a1514a0fd1cd81ad4a&v=4",
id: 9,
},
],
});
});
app.listen(5000, "localhost", (err) => {
if (!err){
console.log("服务器启动成功")
console.log("请求github真实数据请访问：http://localhost:5000/search/users")
console.log("请求本地模拟数据请访问：http://localhost:5000/search/users2")
}
else console.log(err);
})
启动服务器：
node .\server.js
App.js
import React, {Component} from 'react';
import Search from './components/Search/Search'
import List from "./components/List/List";
class App extends Component {
render() {
return (
<div>
<div className="container">
<Search></Search>
<List></List>
</div>
</div>
);
}
}
export default App;index.js
import React from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom/client';
import App from './App';
const root = ReactDOM.createRoot(document.getElementById('root'));
root.render(<App/>);List.jsx
import React, {Component} from 'react';
import './List.css'
class List extends Component {
render() {
return (
<div>
<div className="row">
<div className="card">
<a rel="noreferrer" href="https://github.com/reactjs" target="_blank">
<img alt="head_protrait" src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/6412038?v=3" style={{width:'100px'}}/>
</a>
<p className="card-text">reactjs</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
);
}
}
export default List;List.css
.album {
min-height: 50rem; /* Can be removed; just added for demo purposes */
padding-top: 3rem;
padding-bottom: 3rem;
background-color: #f7f7f7;
}
.card {
float: left;
width: 33.333%;
padding: .75rem;
margin-bottom: 2rem;
border: 1px solid #efefef;
text-align: center;
}
.card > img {
margin-bottom: .75rem;
border-radius: 100px;
}
.card-text {
font-size: 85%;
}
Search.jsx
import React, {Component} from 'react';
import axios from "axios";
class Search extends Component {
search = () => {
//连续结构+重命名
const {keyWordElement: {value: keyWord}} = this
axios.get(`http://localhost:3000/api1/search/users2?q=${keyWord}`).then(
response => {
console.log('成功了', response.data);
},
error => {
console.log('失败了', error);
}
)
}
render() {
return (
<div>
<section className="jumbotron">
<h3 className="jumbotron-heading">搜索github用户</h3>
<div>
<input ref={c => this.keyWordElement = c} type="text" placeholder="输入关键词点击搜索"/>
<button onClick={this.search}>搜索</button>
</div>
</section>
</div>
);
}
}
export default Search;setupProxy.js
//react 18版本写法
const {createProxyMiddleware} = require('http-proxy-middleware')
module.exports = function (app) {
app.use(
createProxyMiddleware('/api1', {
target: 'http://localhost:5000',
changeOrigin: true,
pathRewrite: {'^/api1': ''}
}),
)
}
运行结果：
github搜索案例_展示数据
App.js
import React, {Component} from 'react';
import Search from './components/Search/Search'
import List from "./components/List/List";
class App extends Component {
state = {users: []}
saveUsers = (users) => {
this.setState({users})
}
render() {
const {users} = this.state
return (
<div>
<div className="container">
<Search saveUsers={this.saveUsers}></Search>
<List users={users}></List>
</div>
</div>
);
}
}
export default App;List.jsx
import React, {Component} from 'react';
import './List.css'
class List extends Component {
render() {
return (
<div>
<div className="row">
{
this.props.users.map((userObj) => {
return (
<div className="card" key={userObj.id}>
<a rel="noreferrer" href={userObj.html_url} target="_blank">
<img alt="head_protrait"
src={userObj.avatar_url}
style={{width: '100px'}}/>
</a>
<p className="card-text">{userObj.login}</p>
</div>
)
})
}
</div>
</div>
);
}
}
export default List;Search.jsx
import React, {Component} from 'react';
import axios from "axios";
class Search extends Component {
search = () => {
//连续结构+重命名
const {keyWordElement: {value: keyWord}} = this
axios.get(`http://localhost:3000/api1/search/users2?q=${keyWord}`).then(
response => {
console.log('成功了', response.data.items);
this.props.saveUsers(response.data.items)
},
error => {
console.log('失败了', error);
}
)
}
render() {
return (
<div>
<section className="jumbotron">
<h3 className="jumbotron-heading">搜索github用户</h3>
<div>
<input ref={c => this.keyWordElement = c} type="text" placeholder="输入关键词点击搜索"/>
<button onClick={this.search}>搜索</button>
</div>
</section>
</div>
);
}
}
export default Search;运行结果：
github搜索案例_完成案例
App.js
import React, {Component} from 'react';
import Search from './components/Search/Search'
import List from "./components/List/List";
class App extends Component {
state = {users: [], isFirst: true, isLoading: false, err: ''}
saveUsers = (users) => {
this.setState({users})
}
updateAppState = (stateObj) => {
this.setState(stateObj)
}
render() {
const {users} = this.state
return (
<div>
<div className="container">
<Search updateAppState={this.updateAppState}></Search>
<List {...this.state}></List>
</div>
</div>
);
}
}
export default App;Search.jsx
import React, {Component} from 'react';
import axios from "axios";
class Search extends Component {
search = () => {
//连续结构+重命名
const {keyWordElement: {value: keyWord}} = this
console.log(keyWord)
this.props.updateAppState({isFirst: false, isLoading: true})
axios.get(`http://localhost:3000/api1/search/users2?q=${keyWord}`).then(
response => {
console.log('成功了', response.data.items);
this.props.updateAppState({isLoading: false, users: response.data.items})
},
error => {
console.log('失败了', error);
this.props.updateAppState({isLoading: false, err: error.message})
}
)
}
render() {
return (
<div>
<section className="jumbotron">
<h3 className="jumbotron-heading">搜索github用户</h3>
<div>
<input ref={c => this.keyWordElement = c} type="text" placeholder="输入关键词点击搜索"/>
<button onClick={this.search}>搜索</button>
</div>
</section>
</div>
);
}
}
export default Search;List.jsx
import React, {Component} from 'react';
import './List.css'
class List extends Component {
render() {
const {users, isFirst, isLoading, err} = this.props
return (
<div>
<div className="row">
{
isFirst ? <h2>欢迎使用,输入关键字，然后点击搜索</h2> :
isLoading ? <h2>加载中...</h2> :
err ? <h2 style={{color: 'red'}}>{err}</h2> :
users.map((userObj) => {
return (
<div className="card" key={userObj.id}>
<a rel="noreferrer" href={userObj.html_url} target="_blank">
<img alt="head_protrait"
src={userObj.avatar_url}
style={{width: '100px'}}/>
</a>
<p className="card-text">{userObj.login}</p>
</div>
)
})
}
</div>
</div>
);
}
}
export default List;setProxy.js
//react 18版本写法
const {createProxyMiddleware} = require('http-proxy-middleware')
module.exports = function (app) {
app.use(
createProxyMiddleware('/api1', {
target: 'http://localhost:5000',
changeOrigin: true,
pathRewrite: {'^/api1': ''}
}),
)
}
index.js
import React from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom/client';
import App from './App';
const root = ReactDOM.createRoot(document.getElementById('root'));
root.render(<App/>);运行结果：
4.消息订阅与发布_pubsub
App.js
import React, {Component} from 'react';
import Search from './components/Search/Search'
import List from "./components/List/List";
class App extends Component {
render() {
return (
<div>
<div className="container">
<Search></Search>
<List></List>
</div>
</div>
);
}
}
export default App;List.jsx
import React, {Component} from 'react';
import './List.css'
import PubSub from 'pubsub-js'
class List extends Component {
state = {users: [], isFirst: true, isLoading: false, err: ''}
componentDidMount() {
this.token = PubSub.subscribe('atguigu', (_, stateObj) => {
console.log(stateObj);
this.setState(stateObj);
})
}
componentWillUnmount() {
PubSub.unsubscribe(this.token)
}
render() {
const {users, isFirst, isLoading, err} = this.state
return (
<div>
<div className="row">
{
isFirst ? <h2>欢迎使用,输入关键字，然后点击搜索</h2> :
isLoading ? <h2>加载中...</h2> :
err ? <h2 style={{color: 'red'}}>{err}</h2> :
users.map((userObj) => {
return (
<div className="card" key={userObj.id}>
<a rel="noreferrer" href={userObj.html_url} target="_blank">
<img alt="head_protrait"
src={userObj.avatar_url}
style={{width: '100px'}}/>
</a>
<p className="card-text">{userObj.login}</p>
</div>
)
})
}
</div>
</div>
);
}
}
export default List;Search.jsx
import React, {Component} from 'react';
import axios from "axios";
import PubSub from "pubsub-js";
class Search extends Component {
search = () => {
//连续结构+重命名
const {keyWordElement: {value: keyWord}} = this
console.log(keyWord)
// this.props.updateAppState({isFirst: false, isLoading: true})
PubSub.publish('atguigu', {isFirst: false, isLoading: true})
axios.get(`http://localhost:3000/api1/search/users2?q=${keyWord}`).then(
response => {
console.log('成功了', response.data.items);
// this.props.updateAppState({isLoading: false, users: response.data.items})
PubSub.publish('atguigu', {isLoading: false, users: response.data.items})
},
error => {
console.log('失败了', error);
// this.props.updateAppState({isLoading: false, err: error.message})
PubSub.publish('atguigu', {isLoading: false, err: error.message})
}
)
}
render() {
return (
<div>
<section className="jumbotron">
<h3 className="jumbotron-heading">搜索github用户</h3>
<div>
<input ref={c => this.keyWordElement = c} type="text" placeholder="输入关键词点击搜索"/>
<button onClick={this.search}>搜索</button>
</div>
</section>
</div>
);
}
}
export default Search;setupProxy.js
//react 18版本写法
const {createProxyMiddleware} = require('http-proxy-middleware')
module.exports = function (app) {
app.use(
createProxyMiddleware('/api1', {
target: 'http://localhost:5000',
changeOrigin: true,
pathRewrite: {'^/api1': ''}
})
)
}运行结果：
5.fetch发送请求
Search.jsx
import React, {Component} from 'react';
import axios from "axios";
import PubSub from "pubsub-js";
class Search extends Component {
search = async () => {
//连续结构+重命名
const {keyWordElement: {value: keyWord}} = this
PubSub.publish('atguigu', {isFirst: false, isLoading: true})
try {
const response = await fetch(`http://localhost:3000/api1/search/users2?q=${keyWord}`)
const data = await response.json()
console.log(data)
PubSub.publish('atguigu', {isLoading: false, users: data.items})
} catch (error) {
console.log('请求出错', error)
PubSub.publish('atguigu', {isLoading: false, err: error.message})
}
}
render() {
return (
<div>
<section className="jumbotron">
<h3 className="jumbotron-heading">搜索github用户</h3>
<div>
<input ref={c => this.keyWordElement = c} type="text" placeholder="输入关键词点击搜索"/>
<button onClick={this.search}>搜索</button>
</div>
</section>
</div>
);
}
}
export default Search;ajax,fetch,xhr,axios,jquery之间的关系
运行结果：
1531
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
