P1045 [NOIP2003 普及组] 麦森数--java--python

这个题目呢，就2条计算长度和计算最后500位。
一个数计算长度，可以用log10为底，求所求的对数然后去掉分数后加一就是长度了。
证明就不深究了。10^n就会长度为n+1

然后就是计算$2^p-1$的最后500位了。
数字特别大，所以我们可以用BigInteger
然后取500位我们可以用modpow最后减去1就可以了。

可惜是jdk8，很多api都不能用。
不然书写更加方便。

import java.io.*;
import java.math.BigInteger;

public class Main {
    static final PrintWriter print = new PrintWriter(System.out);
    static final StreamTokenizer st = new StreamTokenizer(new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)));

    public static int nextInt() throws IOException {
        st.nextToken();
        return (int) st.nval;
    }

    //打印生成的
    static String s = "100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //jdk9不能用
//        BigInteger ans = BigInteger.TWO.pow(nextInt()).subtract(BigInteger.ONE);
//        BigInteger ans = BigInteger.valueOf(2).modPow(nextInt(),“1”+“0”.repeat(500)).subtract(BigInteger.valueOf(1));
//        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(ans.toString());
        int i = nextInt();
        int v = (int)(Math.log10(2) * i)+1;
        System.out.println(v);
        BigInteger ans = BigInteger.valueOf(2)
                .modPow(BigInteger.valueOf(i), new BigInteger(s))
                .subtract(BigInteger.valueOf(1));
        //jdk15
//        print(new StringBuilder("%0500d".formatted(ans)));
        print(new StringBuilder(String.format("%0500d", ans)));
    }

    public static void print(StringBuilder s) {
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            print.println(s.substring(i * 50, (i + 1) * 50));
        }
        print.flush();
    }
}

python就写的更简单了

import math

a = int(input()) 
len = int(math.log10(2)*a)+1
print(len)
b=pow(2,a,100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000)   
b = b-1   
c ='%0500d' %b   #格式化数字补0，转为字符串
for j in range(10):
    print(c[j*50:(j+1)*50])