docker部署

什么是docker

docker中的容器：

• lxc --> libcontainer --> runC

OCI&OCF

OCI

Open Container-initiative

• 由Linux基金会主导于2015年6月创立
• 旨在围绕容器格式和运行时制定一个开放的工业化标准
• contains two specifications
  • the Runtime Specification（runtime-spec）
  • the Image Specification（image-spec）

OCF

Open Container Format

runC is a CLI tool for spawning and running containers according to the OCI specification

• Containers are started as a child process of runC and can be embedded into various other systems without having to run a daemon
• runC is built on libcontainer, the same container technology powering millions of Docker Engine installations

docker提供了一个专门容纳容器镜像的站点：https://hub.docker.com

docker架构

docker镜像与镜像仓库

为什么镜像仓库名字是Registry而不是repository？在docker中仓库的名字是以应用的名称取名的。

镜像是静态的，而容器是动态的，容器有其生命周期，镜像与容器的关系类似于程序与进程的关系。镜像类似于文件系统中的程序文件，而容器则类似于将一个程序运行起来的状态，也即进程。所以容器是可以删除的，容器被删除后其镜像是不会被删除的。

docker对象

When you use docker, you are creating and using images, containers, networks, volumes, pluginns, and other objects.

• IMAGES
  • An image is a read-only template with instructions for creating a docker container.
  • Often, an image is based on another image, with some additional customization.
  • You might create your own images or you might only use those created by others and published in a registry.
• CONTAINERS
  • A conntainer is a runnable instance of an image.
  • You can create, run, stop, move, or delete a container using the docker API or CLI.
  • You can connect a container to one or more networks, attach storage to it, or even create a new image based on its current state.

安装及使用docker

//配置yum源
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
redhat.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rm -rf *
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cat /etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Enterprise Linux release 8.5 (Ootpa)
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100  2495  100  2495    0     0   5144      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--  5133
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum install -y https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-8.noarch.rpm
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# sed -i 's|^#baseurl=https://download.example/pub|baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com|' /etc/yum.repos.d/epel*
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# sed -i