系统学习SQL语句之第一部

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-31 12:37:18 发布

&&月弥

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-31 12:37:18 发布

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文章标签： sql 数据库 Powered by 金山文档

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_57714322/article/details/129481422

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最近在复习sql语句，发现自己学习的过程中，学的有些片面，现在回头看看，需要给自己充能一下,话不多说，直接开始干活。

1，数据库操作

1.1，显示数据库列表

show databases;

1.2，创建数据库

create database 数据库名;    
create database 数据库名 character set 'utf8'        -- 创建数据库，指定编码

1.3，选择数据库

use 数据库名;                -- 切换数据库：
select database();        -- 查询当前正在使用的数据库

1.4，退出mysql

quit或者exit;        --退出数据库命令

1.5，查询数据库信息

show create database 数据库名;        --查询数据库的创建信息

1.6，删除数据库

drop database 数据库名;        --删除指定数据库

2，表操作

2.1，查看所有表

show tables;    -- 查看数据库中的表列表：
show create table 表名;  --查看表创建信息

2.2，创建表

ps：创建表的时候，至少要有1列，否则会报错

create table users(
id int primary key auto_increment, -- 设置主键，自增
title varchar(200),
type varchar(10)
);

2.3，修改表名

alter table 表名 rename to 新的名字；

2.4，删除表

drop table 表名;

3，操作列

3.1，添加列

alter table 表名 add 列名   类型（长度）；
alter table users add author varchar(20);   --举例

3.2，修改列长度

alter table 表名 modify 列名   类型(长度) ；
--注意：通常我们不会修改列的类型。

3.3，修改现有列的名称

alter table 表名 change 旧列名 新列名 类型(长度) ;
--ps:  通常没有特殊情况，不会修改列的名字。

3.4，删除列

 alter table 表名 drop column 列名

4，查询语句

再查询之前我们先创建了一个名字叫compang的数据库，然后导入如下sql语句，会创建五张表

/*
 Navicat Premium Data Transfer

 Source Server         : root
 Source Server Type    : MySQL
 Source Server Version : 50729
 Source Host           : localhost:3306
 Source Schema         : company

 Target Server Type    : MySQL
 Target Server Version : 50729
 File Encoding         : 65001

 Date: 10/03/2023 09:40:54
*/

SET NAMES utf8mb4;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for t_countries
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_countries`;
CREATE TABLE `t_countries`  (
  `country_id` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `country_name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`country_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = gbk COLLATE = gbk_chinese_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of t_countries
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `t_countries` VALUES ('AR', 'Argentina');
INSERT INTO `t_countries` VALUES ('AU', 'Australia');
INSERT INTO `t_countries` VALUES ('BE', 'Belgium');
INSERT INTO `t_countries` VALUES ('BR', 'Brazil');
INSERT INTO `t_countries` VALUES ('CA', 'Canada');
INSERT INTO `t_countries` VALUES ('CH', 'Switzerland');
INSERT INTO `t_countries` VALUES ('CN', 'China');
INSERT INTO `t_countries` VALUES ('DE', 'Germany');
INSERT INTO `t_countries` VALUES ('DK', 'Denmark');
INSERT INTO `t_countries` VALUES ('EG', 'Egypt');
INSERT INTO `t_countries` VALUES ('FR', 'France');
INSERT INTO `t_countries` VALUES ('HK', 'HongKong China');
INSERT INTO `t_countries` VALUES ('IL', 'Israel');
INSERT INTO `t_countries` VALUES ('IN', 'India');
INSERT INTO `t_countries` VALUES ('IT', 'Italy');
INSERT INTO `t_countries` VALUES ('JP', 'Japan');
INSERT INTO `t_countries` VALUES ('KW', 'Kuwait');
INSERT INTO `t_countries` VALUES ('MX', 'Mexico');
INSERT INTO `t_countries` VALUES ('NG', 'Nigeria');
INSERT INTO `t_countries` VALUES ('NL', 'Netherlands');
INSERT INTO `t_countries` VALUES ('SG', 'Singapore');
INSERT INTO `t_countries` VALUES ('UK', 'United Kingdom');
INSERT INTO `t_countries` VALUES ('US', 'United States of America');
INSERT INTO `t_countries` VALUES ('ZM', 'Zambia');
INSERT INTO `t_countries` VALUES ('ZW', 'Zimbabwe');

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for t_departments
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_departments`;
CREATE TABLE `t_departments`  (
  `department_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `department_name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `manager_id` int(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `location_id` int(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`department_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = gbk COLLATE = gbk_chinese_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of t_departments
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `t_departments` VALUES (10, 'Administration', 200, 1700);
INSERT INTO `t_departments` VALUES (20, 'Marketing', 201, 1800);
INSERT INTO `t_departments` VALUES (30, 'Purchasing', 114, 1700);
INSERT INTO `t_departments` VALUES (40, 'Human Resources', 203, 2400);
INSERT INTO `t_departments` VALUES (50, 'Shipping', 121, 1500);
INSERT INTO `t_departments` VALUES (60, 'IT', 103, 1400);
INSERT INTO `t_departments` VALUES (70, 'Public Relations', 204, 2700);
INSERT INTO `t_departments` VALUES (80, 'Sales', 145, 2500);
INSERT INTO `t_departments` VALUES (90, 'Executive', 100, 1700);
INSERT INTO `t_departments` VALUES (100, 'Finance', 108, 1700);
INSERT INTO `t_departments` VALUES (110, 'Accounting', 205, 1700);
INSERT INTO `t_departments` VALUES (120, 'Treasury', NULL, 1700);
INSERT INTO `t_departments` VALUES (130, 'Corporate Tax', NULL, 1700);
INSERT INTO `t_departments` VALUES (140, 'Control And Credit', NULL, 1700);
INSERT INTO `t_departments` VALUES (150, 'Shareholder Services', NULL, 1700);
INSERT INTO `t_departments` VALUES (160, 'Benefits', NULL, 1700);
INSERT INTO `t_departments` VALUES (170, 'Manufacturing', NULL, 1700);
INSERT INTO `t_departments` VALUES (180, 'Construction', NULL, 1700);
INSERT INTO `t_departments` VALUES (190, 'Contracting', NULL, 1700);
INSERT INTO `t_departments` VALUES (200, 'Operations', NULL, 1700);
INSERT INTO `t_departments` VALUES (210, 'IT Support', NULL, 1700);
INSERT INTO `t_departments` VALUES (220, 'NOC', NULL, 1700);
INSERT INTO `t_departments` VALUES (230, 'IT Helpdesk', NULL, 1700);
INSERT INTO `t_departments` VALUES (240, 'Government Sales', NULL, 1700);
INSERT INTO `t_departments` VALUES (250, 'Retail Sales', NULL, 1700);
INSERT INTO `t_departments` VALUES (260, 'Recruiting', NULL, 1700);
INSERT INTO `t_departments` VALUES (270, 'Payroll', NULL, 1700);

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for t_employees
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_employees`;
CREATE TABLE `t_employees`  (
  `employee_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `first_name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `last_name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `email` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `phone_number` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `hire_date` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `job_id` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET gbk COLLATE gbk_chinese_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `salary` int(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `commission_pct` float(5, 2) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `manager_id` int(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `department_id` int(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`employee_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = gbk COLLATE = gbk_chinese_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of t_employees
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (100, 'Steven', 'King', 'SKING', '515.123.4567', '1987-06-17', 'AD_PRES', 24000, NULL, NULL, 90);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (101, 'Neena', 'Kochhar', 'NKOCHHAR', '515.123.4568', '1989-09-21', 'AD_VP', 17000, NULL, 100, 90);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (102, 'Lex', 'De Haan', 'LDEHAAN', '515.123.4569', '1993-01-13', 'AD_VP', 17000, NULL, 100, 90);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (103, 'Alexander', 'Hunold', 'AHUNOLD', '590.423.4567', '1990-01-03', 'IT_PROG', 9000, NULL, 102, 60);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (104, 'Bruce', 'Ernst', 'BERNST', '590.423.4568', '1991-05-21', 'IT_PROG', 6000, NULL, 103, 60);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (105, 'David', 'Austin', 'DAUSTIN', '590.423.4569', '1997-06-25', 'IT_PROG', 4800, NULL, 103, 60);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (106, 'Valli', 'Pataballa', 'VPATABAL', '590.423.4560', '1998-02-05', 'IT_PROG', 4800, NULL, 103, 60);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (107, 'Diana', 'Lorentz', 'DLORENTZ', '590.423.5567', '1999-02-07', 'IT_PROG', 4200, NULL, 103, 60);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (108, 'Nancy', 'Greenberg', 'NGREENBE', '515.124.4569', '1994-08-17', 'FI_MGR', 12000, NULL, 101, 100);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (109, 'Daniel', 'Faviet', 'DFAVIET', '515.124.4169', '1994-08-16', 'FI_ACCOUNT', 9000, NULL, 108, 100);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (110, 'John', 'Chen', 'JCHEN', '515.124.4269', '1997-09-28', 'FI_ACCOUNT', 8200, NULL, 108, 100);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (111, 'Ismael', 'Sciarra', 'ISCIARRA', '515.124.4369', '1997-09-30', 'FI_ACCOUNT', 7700, NULL, 108, 100);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (112, 'Jose Manuel', 'Urman', 'JMURMAN', '515.124.4469', '1998-03-07', 'FI_ACCOUNT', 7800, NULL, 108, 100);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (113, 'Luis', 'Popp', 'LPOPP', '515.124.4567', '1999-12-07', 'FI_ACCOUNT', 6900, NULL, 108, 100);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (114, 'Den', 'Raphaely', 'DRAPHEAL', '515.127.4561', '1994-12-07', 'PU_MAN', 11000, NULL, 100, 30);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (115, 'Alexander', 'Khoo', 'AKHOO', '515.127.4562', '1995-05-18', 'PU_CLERK', 3100, NULL, 114, 30);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (116, 'Shelli', 'Baida', 'SBAIDA', '515.127.4563', '1997-12-24', 'PU_CLERK', 2900, NULL, 114, 30);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (117, 'Sigal', 'Tobias', 'STOBIAS', '515.127.4564', '1997-07-24', 'PU_CLERK', 2800, NULL, 114, 30);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (118, 'Guy', 'Himuro', 'GHIMURO', '515.127.4565', '1998-11-15', 'PU_CLERK', 2600, NULL, 114, 30);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (119, 'Karen', 'Colmenares', 'KCOLMENA', '515.127.4566', '1999-08-10', 'PU_CLERK', 2500, NULL, 114, 30);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (120, 'Matthew', 'Weiss', 'MWEISS', '650.123.1234', '1996-07-18', 'ST_MAN', 8000, NULL, 100, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (121, 'Adam', 'Fripp', 'AFRIPP', '650.123.2234', '1997-04-10', 'ST_MAN', 8200, NULL, 100, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (122, 'Payam', 'Kaufling', 'PKAUFLIN', '650.123.3234', '1995-05-01', 'ST_MAN', 7900, NULL, 100, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (123, 'Shanta', 'Vollman', 'SVOLLMAN', '650.123.4234', '1997-10-10', 'ST_MAN', 6500, NULL, 100, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (124, 'Kevin', 'Mourgos', 'KMOURGOS', '650.123.5234', '1999-11-16', 'ST_MAN', 5800, NULL, 100, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (125, 'Julia', 'Nayer', 'JNAYER', '650.124.1214', '1997-07-16', 'ST_CLERK', 3200, NULL, 120, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (126, 'Irene', 'Mikkilineni', 'IMIKKILI', '650.124.1224', '1998-09-28', 'ST_CLERK', 2700, NULL, 120, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (127, 'James', 'Landry', 'JLANDRY', '650.124.1334', '1999-01-14', 'ST_CLERK', 2400, NULL, 120, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (128, 'Steven', 'Markle', 'SMARKLE', '650.124.1434', '2000-03-08', 'ST_CLERK', 2200, NULL, 120, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (129, 'Laura', 'Bissot', 'LBISSOT', '650.124.5234', '1997-08-20', 'ST_CLERK', 3300, NULL, 121, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (130, 'Mozhe', 'Atkinson', 'MATKINSO', '650.124.6234', '1997-10-30', 'ST_CLERK', 2800, NULL, 121, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (131, 'James', 'Marlow', 'JAMRLOW', '650.124.7234', '1997-02-16', 'ST_CLERK', 2500, NULL, 121, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (132, 'TJ', 'Olson', 'TJOLSON', '650.124.8234', '1999-04-10', 'ST_CLERK', 2100, NULL, 121, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (133, 'Jason', 'Mallin', 'JMALLIN', '650.127.1934', '1996-06-14', 'ST_CLERK', 3300, NULL, 122, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (134, 'Michael', 'Rogers', 'MROGERS', '650.127.1834', '1998-08-26', 'ST_CLERK', 2900, NULL, 122, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (135, 'Ki', 'Gee', 'KGEE', '650.127.1734', '1999-12-12', 'ST_CLERK', 2400, NULL, 122, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (136, 'Hazel', 'Philtanker', 'HPHILTAN', '650.127.1634', '2000-02-06', 'ST_CLERK', 2200, NULL, 122, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (137, 'Renske', 'Ladwig', 'RLADWIG', '650.121.1234', '1995-07-14', 'ST_CLERK', 3600, NULL, 123, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (138, 'Stephen', 'Stiles', 'SSTILES', '650.121.2034', '1997-10-26', 'ST_CLERK', 3200, NULL, 123, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (139, 'John', 'Seo', 'JSEO', '650.121.2019', '1998-02-12', 'ST_CLERK', 2700, NULL, 123, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (140, 'Joshua', 'Patel', 'JPATEL', '650.121.1834', '1998-04-06', 'ST_CLERK', 2500, NULL, 123, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (141, 'Trenna', 'Rajs', 'TRAJS', '650.121.8009', '1995-10-17', 'ST_CLERK', 3500, NULL, 124, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (142, 'Curtis', 'Davies', 'CDAVIES', '650.121.2994', '1997-01-29', 'ST_CLERK', 3100, NULL, 124, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (143, 'Randall', 'Matos', 'RMATOS', '650.121.2874', '1998-03-15', 'ST_CLERK', 2600, NULL, 124, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (144, 'Peter', 'Vargas', 'PVARGAS', '650.121.2004', '1998-07-09', 'ST_CLERK', 2500, NULL, 124, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (145, 'John', 'Russell', 'JRUSSEL', '011.44.1344.429268', '1996-10-01', 'SA_MAN', 14000, 0.40, 100, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (146, 'Karen', 'Partners', 'KPARTNER', '011.44.1344.467268', '1997-01-05', 'SA_MAN', 13500, 0.30, 100, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (147, 'Alberto', 'Errazuriz', 'AERRAZUR', '011.44.1344.429278', '1997-03-10', 'SA_MAN', 12000, 0.30, 100, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (148, 'Gerald', 'Cambrault', 'GCAMBRAU', '011.44.1344.619268', '1999-10-15', 'SA_MAN', 11000, 0.30, 100, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (149, 'Eleni', 'Zlotkey', 'EZLOTKEY', '011.44.1344.429018', '2000-01-29', 'SA_MAN', 10500, 0.20, 100, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (150, 'Peter', 'Tucker', 'PTUCKER', '011.44.1344.129268', '1997-01-30', 'SA_REP', 10000, 0.30, 145, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (151, 'David', 'Bernstein', 'DBERNSTE', '011.44.1344.345268', '1997-03-24', 'SA_REP', 9500, 0.25, 145, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (152, 'Peter', 'Hall', 'PHALL', '011.44.1344.478968', '1997-08-20', 'SA_REP', 9000, 0.25, 145, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (153, 'Christopher', 'Olsen', 'COLSEN', '011.44.1344.498718', '1998-03-30', 'SA_REP', 8000, 0.20, 145, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (154, 'Nanette', 'Cambrault', 'NCAMBRAU', '011.44.1344.987668', '1998-12-09', 'SA_REP', 7500, 0.20, 145, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (155, 'Oliver', 'Tuvault', 'OTUVAULT', '011.44.1344.486508', '1999-11-23', 'SA_REP', 7000, 0.15, 145, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (156, 'Janette', 'King', 'JKING', '011.44.1345.429268', '1996-01-30', 'SA_REP', 10000, 0.35, 146, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (157, 'Patrick', 'Sully', 'PSULLY', '011.44.1345.929268', '1996-03-04', 'SA_REP', 9500, 0.35, 146, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (158, 'Allan', 'McEwen', 'AMCEWEN', '011.44.1345.829268', '1996-08-01', 'SA_REP', 9000, 0.35, 146, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (159, 'Lindsey', 'Smith', 'LSMITH', '011.44.1345.729268', '1997-03-10', 'SA_REP', 8000, 0.30, 146, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (160, 'Louise', 'Doran', 'LDORAN', '011.44.1345.629268', '1997-12-15', 'SA_REP', 7500, 0.30, 146, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (161, 'Sarath', 'Sewall', 'SSEWALL', '011.44.1345.529268', '1998-11-03', 'SA_REP', 7000, 0.25, 146, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (162, 'Clara', 'Vishney', 'CVISHNEY', '011.44.1346.129268', '1997-11-11', 'SA_REP', 10500, 0.25, 147, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (163, 'Danielle', 'Greene', 'DGREENE', '011.44.1346.229268', '1999-03-19', 'SA_REP', 9500, 0.15, 147, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (164, 'Mattea', 'Marvins', 'MMARVINS', '011.44.1346.329268', '2000-01-24', 'SA_REP', 7200, 0.10, 147, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (165, 'David', 'Lee', 'DLEE', '011.44.1346.529268', '2000-02-23', 'SA_REP', 6800, 0.10, 147, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (166, 'Sundar', 'Ande', 'SANDE', '011.44.1346.629268', '2000-03-24', 'SA_REP', 6400, 0.10, 147, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (167, 'Amit', 'Banda', 'ABANDA', '011.44.1346.729268', '2000-04-21', 'SA_REP', 6200, 0.10, 147, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (168, 'Lisa', 'Ozer', 'LOZER', '011.44.1343.929268', '1997-03-11', 'SA_REP', 11500, 0.25, 148, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (169, 'Harrison', 'Bloom', 'HBLOOM', '011.44.1343.829268', '1998-03-23', 'SA_REP', 10000, 0.20, 148, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (170, 'Tayler', 'Fox', 'TFOX', '011.44.1343.729268', '1998-01-24', 'SA_REP', 9600, 0.20, 148, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (171, 'William', 'Smith', 'WSMITH', '011.44.1343.629268', '1999-02-23', 'SA_REP', 7400, 0.15, 148, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (172, 'Elizabeth', 'Bates', 'EBATES', '011.44.1343.529268', '1999-03-24', 'SA_REP', 7300, 0.15, 148, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (173, 'Sundita', 'Kumar', 'SKUMAR', '011.44.1343.329268', '2000-04-21', 'SA_REP', 6100, 0.10, 148, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (174, 'Ellen', 'Abel', 'EABEL', '011.44.1644.429267', '1996-05-11', 'SA_REP', 11000, 0.30, 149, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (175, 'Alyssa', 'Hutton', 'AHUTTON', '011.44.1644.429266', '1997-03-19', 'SA_REP', 8800, 0.25, 149, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (176, 'Jonathon', 'Taylor', 'JTAYLOR', '011.44.1644.429265', '1998-03-24', 'SA_REP', 8600, 0.20, 149, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (177, 'Jack', 'Livingston', 'JLIVINGS', '011.44.1644.429264', '1998-04-23', 'SA_REP', 8400, 0.20, 149, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (178, 'Kimberely', 'Grant', 'KGRANT', '011.44.1644.429263', '1999-05-24', 'SA_REP', 7000, 0.15, 149, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (179, 'Charles', 'Johnson', 'CJOHNSON', '011.44.1644.429262', '2000-01-04', 'SA_REP', 6200, 0.10, 149, 80);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (180, 'Winston', 'Taylor', 'WTAYLOR', '650.507.9876', '1998-01-24', 'SH_CLERK', 3200, NULL, 120, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (181, 'Jean', 'Fleaur', 'JFLEAUR', '650.507.9877', '1998-02-23', 'SH_CLERK', 3100, NULL, 120, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (182, 'Martha', 'Sullivan', 'MSULLIVA', '650.507.9878', '1999-06-21', 'SH_CLERK', 2500, NULL, 120, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (183, 'Girard', 'Geoni', 'GGEONI', '650.507.9879', '2000-02-03', 'SH_CLERK', 2800, NULL, 120, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (184, 'Nandita', 'Sarchand', 'NSARCHAN', '650.509.1876', '1996-01-27', 'SH_CLERK', 4200, NULL, 121, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (185, 'Alexis', 'Bull', 'ABULL', '650.509.2876', '1997-02-20', 'SH_CLERK', 4100, NULL, 121, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (186, 'Julia', 'Dellinger', 'JDELLING', '650.509.3876', '1998-06-24', 'SH_CLERK', 3400, NULL, 121, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (187, 'Anthony', 'Cabrio', 'ACABRIO', '650.509.4876', '1999-02-07', 'SH_CLERK', 3000, NULL, 121, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (188, 'Kelly', 'Chung', 'KCHUNG', '650.505.1876', '1997-06-14', 'SH_CLERK', 3800, NULL, 122, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (189, 'Jennifer', 'Dilly', 'JDILLY', '650.505.2876', '1997-08-13', 'SH_CLERK', 3600, NULL, 122, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (190, 'Timothy', 'Gates', 'TGATES', '650.505.3876', '1998-07-11', 'SH_CLERK', 2900, NULL, 122, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (191, 'Randall', 'Perkins', 'RPERKINS', '650.505.4876', '1999-12-19', 'SH_CLERK', 2500, NULL, 122, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (192, 'Sarah', 'Bell', 'SBELL', '650.501.1876', '1996-02-04', 'SH_CLERK', 4000, NULL, 123, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (193, 'Britney', 'Everett', 'BEVERETT', '650.501.2876', '1997-03-03', 'SH_CLERK', 3900, NULL, 123, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (194, 'Samuel', 'McCain', 'SMCCAIN', '650.501.3876', '1998-07-01', 'SH_CLERK', 3200, NULL, 123, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (195, 'Vance', 'Jones', 'VJONES', '650.501.4876', '1999-03-17', 'SH_CLERK', 2800, NULL, 123, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (196, 'Alana', 'Walsh', 'AWALSH', '650.507.9811', '1998-04-24', 'SH_CLERK', 3100, NULL, 124, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (197, 'Kevin', 'Feeney', 'KFEENEY', '650.507.9822', '1998-05-23', 'SH_CLERK', 3000, NULL, 124, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (198, 'Donald', 'OConnell', 'DOCONNEL', '650.507.9833', '1999-06-21', 'SH_CLERK', 2600, NULL, 124, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (199, 'Douglas', 'Grant', 'DGRANT', '650.507.9844', '2000-01-13', 'SH_CLERK', 2600, NULL, 124, 50);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (200, 'Jennifer', 'Whalen', 'JWHALEN', '515.123.4444', '1987-09-17', 'AD_ASST', 4400, NULL, 101, 10);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (201, 'Michael', 'Hartstein', 'MHARTSTE', '515.123.5555', '1996-02-17', 'MK_MAN', 13000, NULL, 100, 20);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (202, 'Pat', 'Fay', 'PFAY', '603.123.6666', '1997-08-17', 'MK_REP', 6000, NULL, 201, 20);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (203, 'Susan', 'Mavris', 'SMAVRIS', '515.123.7777', '1994-06-07', 'HR_REP', 6500, NULL, 101, 40);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (204, 'Hermann', 'Baer', 'HBAER', '515.123.8888', '1994-06-07', 'PR_REP', 10000, NULL, 101, 70);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (205, 'Shelley', 'Higgins', 'SHIGGINS', '515.123.8080', '1994-06-07', 'AC_MGR', 12000, NULL, 101, 110);
INSERT INTO `t_employees` VALUES (206, 'William', 'Gietz', 'WGIETZ', '515.123.8181', '1994-06-07', 'AC_ACCOUNT', 8300, NULL, 205, 110);

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for t_jobs
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_jobs`;
CREATE TABLE `t_jobs`  (
  `job_id` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `job_title` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `min_salary` int(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `max_salary` int(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`job_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = gbk COLLATE = gbk_chinese_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of t_jobs
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `t_jobs` VALUES ('AC_ACCOUNT', 'Public Accountant', 4200, 9000);
INSERT INTO `t_jobs` VALUES ('AC_MGR', 'Accounting Manager', 8200, 16000);
INSERT INTO `t_jobs` VALUES ('AD_ASST', 'Administration Assistant', 3000, 6000);
INSERT INTO `t_jobs` VALUES ('AD_PRES', 'President', 20000, 40000);
INSERT INTO `t_jobs` VALUES ('AD_VP', 'Administration Vice President', 15000, 30000);
INSERT INTO `t_jobs` VALUES ('FI_ACCOUNT', 'Accountant', 4200, 9000);
INSERT INTO `t_jobs` VALUES ('FI_MGR', 'Finance Manager', 8200, 16000);
INSERT INTO `t_jobs` VALUES ('HR_REP', 'Human Resources Representative', 4000, 9000);
INSERT INTO `t_jobs` VALUES ('IT_PROG', 'Programmer', 4000, 10000);
INSERT INTO `t_jobs` VALUES ('MK_MAN', 'Marketing Manager', 9000, 15000);
INSERT INTO `t_jobs` VALUES ('MK_REP', 'Marketing Representative', 4000, 9000);
INSERT INTO `t_jobs` VALUES ('PR_REP', 'Public Relations Representative', 4500, 10500);
INSERT INTO `t_jobs` VALUES ('PU_CLERK', 'Purchasing Clerk', 2500, 5500);
INSERT INTO `t_jobs` VALUES ('PU_MAN', 'Purchasing Manager', 8000, 15000);
INSERT INTO `t_jobs` VALUES ('SA_MAN', 'Sales Manager', 10000, 20000);
INSERT INTO `t_jobs` VALUES ('SA_REP', 'Sales Representative', 6000, 12000);
INSERT INTO `t_jobs` VALUES ('SH_CLERK', 'Shipping Clerk', 2500, 5500);
INSERT INTO `t_jobs` VALUES ('ST_CLERK', 'Stock Clerk', 2000, 5000);
INSERT INTO `t_jobs` VALUES ('ST_MAN', 'Stock Manager', 5500, 8500);

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for t_locations
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_locations`;
CREATE TABLE `t_locations`  (
  `location_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `street_address` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `postal_code` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `city` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `state_province` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `country_id` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`location_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = gbk COLLATE = gbk_chinese_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of t_locations
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `t_locations` VALUES (1000, '1297 Via Cola di Rie', '00989', 'Roma', NULL, 'IT');
INSERT INTO `t_locations` VALUES (1100, '93091 Calle della Testa', '10934', 'Venice', NULL, 'IT');
INSERT INTO `t_locations` VALUES (1200, '2017 Shinjuku-ku', '1689', 'Tokyo', 'Tokyo Prefecture', 'JP');
INSERT INTO `t_locations` VALUES (1300, '9450 Kamiya-cho', '6823', 'Hiroshima', NULL, 'JP');
INSERT INTO `t_locations` VALUES (1400, '2014 Jabberwocky Rd', '26192', 'Southlake', 'Texas', 'US');
INSERT INTO `t_locations` VALUES (1500, '2011 Interiors Blvd', '99236', 'South San Francisco', 'California', 'US');
INSERT INTO `t_locations` VALUES (1600, '2007 Zagora St', '50090', 'South Brunswick', 'New Jersey', 'US');
INSERT INTO `t_locations` VALUES (1700, '2004 Charade Rd', '98199', 'Seattle', 'Washington', 'US');
INSERT INTO `t_locations` VALUES (1800, '147 Spadina Ave', 'M5V 2L7', 'Toronto', 'Ontario', 'CA');
INSERT INTO `t_locations` VALUES (1900, '6092 Boxwood St', 'YSW 9T2', 'Whitehorse', 'Yukon', 'CA');
INSERT INTO `t_locations` VALUES (2000, '40-5-12 Laogianggen', '190518', 'Beijing', NULL, 'CN');
INSERT INTO `t_locations` VALUES (2100, '1298 Vileparle (E)', '490231', 'Bombay', 'Maharashtra', 'IN');
INSERT INTO `t_locations` VALUES (2200, '12-98 Victoria Street', '2901', 'Sydney', 'New South Wales', 'AU');
INSERT INTO `t_locations` VALUES (2300, '198 Clementi North', '540198', 'Singapore', NULL, 'SG');
INSERT INTO `t_locations` VALUES (2400, '8204 Arthur St', NULL, 'London', NULL, 'UK');
INSERT INTO `t_locations` VALUES (2500, 'Magdalen Centre, The Oxford Science Park', 'OX9 9ZB', 'Oxford', 'Oxford', 'UK');
INSERT INTO `t_locations` VALUES (2600, '9702 Chester Road', '09629850293', 'Stretford', 'Manchester', 'UK');
INSERT INTO `t_locations` VALUES (2700, 'Schwanthalerstr. 7031', '80925', 'Munich', 'Bavaria', 'DE');
INSERT INTO `t_locations` VALUES (2800, 'Rua Frei Caneca 1360', '01307-002', 'Sao Paulo', 'Sao Paulo', 'BR');
INSERT INTO `t_locations` VALUES (2900, '20 Rue des Corps-Saints', '1730', 'Geneva', 'Geneve', 'CH');
INSERT INTO `t_locations` VALUES (3000, 'Murtenstrasse 921', '3095', 'Bern', 'BE', 'CH');
INSERT INTO `t_locations` VALUES (3100, 'Pieter Breughelstraat 837', '3029SK', 'Utrecht', 'Utrecht', 'NL');
INSERT INTO `t_locations` VALUES (3200, 'Mariano Escobedo 9991', '11932', 'Mexico City', 'Distrito Federal,', 'MX');

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

咱们插入的表的关系如下图，我们开始玩转SQL了，兄弟们

4.1 基本格式

select 查询内容 from 从哪里查;
-- 查询内容，字段名，列名，field
-- 从哪里查，表名 tableName
select * from t_employees; -- 最简单的格式，但是效率低，不推荐使用
-- 查询所有员工的名字，姓氏和id数据
select employee_id, first_name, last_name
from t_employees;

4.2 去重,列别名,排序

-- 查询所有员工的姓氏 resultSet 结果集数据行 107 rows
select last_name
from t_employees;

-- 查询所有员工的 last_name【别名】 姓，first_name【别名】名，salary 【别名】工资
select last_name  as '姓',
       first_name as '名',
       salary     as '工资'
from t_employees;   --需要注意的是 as  后面的别名可以不用分号 如 as 肖

-- 排序基本格式
select fieldName1, fieldName2
from tableName
order by fieldName condition;   -- condition可以写 asc（升序）,desc（降序）

这篇的博客就写到这里了，续集将会在下周发出，送给兄弟们一句话，

这么年来，我总结了一条经验，解决棘手问题的最上乘方法是：静观其变，顺水推舟