网络编程-UDP

UDP是面向无连接的、不需要确认双方是否存在，所以它是不可靠的协议。Java提供了一个类叫DatagramSocket来完成基于UDP协议的收发数据。使用DatagramSocket收发数据时，数据要以数据包的形式体现，一个数据包限制在64KB以内

UDP的使用

一发一接

客户端程序

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(7777);
        byte[] bytes = "一二三abcde".getBytes();
        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(bytes, bytes.length
                , InetAddress.getLocalHost(),  6666);

        socket.send(packet);

        System.out.println("客户端数据发送完毕");
        socket.close(); // 释放资源
    }
}

服务端程序

public class Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("服务端启动");
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(6666);

        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 64]; // 64KB.
        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer, buffer.length);

        socket.receive(packet);
        int len = packet.getLength();

        String rs = new String(buffer, 0 , len);
        System.out.println(rs);

        System.out.println(packet.getAddress().getHostAddress());
        System.out.println(packet.getPort());

        socket.close(); // 释放资源
    }
}

多发多收

客户端程序

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();

        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        while (true) {
            System.out.println("请说：");
            String msg = sc.nextLine();

            if("exit".equals(msg)){
                System.out.println("退出成功！");
                socket.close(); // 释放资源
                break; // 跳出死循环
            }

            byte[] bytes = msg.getBytes();
            DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(bytes, bytes.length
                    , InetAddress.getLocalHost(),  6666);

            socket.send(packet);
        }
    }
}

服务端程序

public class Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("服务端启动");
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(6666);

        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 64]; // 64KB.
        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer, buffer.length);

        while (true) {
            socket.receive(packet);

            int len = packet.getLength();

            String rs = new String(buffer, 0 , len);
            System.out.println(rs);

            System.out.println(packet.getAddress().getHostAddress());
            System.out.println(packet.getPort());
        }
    }
}