数据机构——顺序表的基本操作

一、实验要求  

 二、实验代码

# include "bits/stdc++.h"

using namespace std;

#define OK 1
#define ERROR 0
#define OVERFLOW -2
#define MAXSIZE 100  //定义顺序表的最大长度

//定义数据结构体
typedef struct book
{
    int number;  //编号
    string name; //名称
    float price; //定价
}book;

//定义顺序表结构体
typedef struct
{
    book data[MAXSIZE];  //顺序表数据
    int length;  //顺序表长度
}SqlList;

//顺序表的初始化函数
bool InitList_Sq(SqlList &L)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < MAXSIZE; i++)
    {
        L.data[i].number = 0;
        L.data[i].name = 'a';
        L.data[i].price = 0;
    }
    L.length = 0;
    SqlList *elem = &L;
    if(elem != NULL)
        return OK;
    else 
        return ERROR;
}

//顺序表的插入操作
bool ListInsert_Sq(SqlList &L, int que, book num)
{
    //判断插入的位置是否合法
    if(que<0 || que>L.length)
        return ERROR;
    if(L.length >= MAXSIZE)
        return ERROR;
    for (int i = L.length; i > que; i--)
    {
        L.data[i] = L.data[i-1];
    }
    //添加新元素
    L.data[que].number = num.number;
    L.data[que].name = num.name;
    L.data[que].price = num.price;
    L.length ++;
    return true;
}

//顺序表的打印输出操作
void Printout_Sq(SqlList &L)
{
    cout << "编号" << setw(15) << "书名" << setw(15) << "定价" << endl;
    for (int i = 0; i < L.length; i++)
    {
        cout << L.data[i].number << setw(15) << L.data[i].name << setw(15) << L.data[i].price << endl;
    }
    cout<<endl;
}

//顺序表的取出(按位置取出)
bool GetElem(SqlList &L, int i)
{
    //判断查询的位置是否合理
    if(i<0 || i>=L.length)
        return ERROR;
    cout << "第" << i << "条的图书信息为: " << endl;
    cout << L.data[i].number << setw(15) << L.data[i].name << setw(15) << L.data[i].price << endl;
}

//顺序表的查找
int LocateElem_Sq(SqlList &L, float price)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < L.length; i++)
    {
        if(L.data[i].price == price)
        {
            cout << "查找成功" << endl;
            cout << "该价格对应的书名为: " << L.data[i].name << endl;
            return 0;
        }
    }
    cout << "查询失败" << endl; 
    return 0; 
}

//顺序表的删除
bool ListDelete_Sq(SqlList &L, int que)
{
    if(que<0 || que>=L.length)
        return ERROR;
    for (int i = que; i < L.length; i++)
    {
        L.data[i].number = L.data[i+1].number;
        L.data[i].price = L.data[i+1].price;
        L.data[i].name = L.data[i+1].name;
    }
    L.length --;
    return OK;
}

int main()
{
    setlocale(LC_ALL,"zh-CN"); //设置程序为中文编码

    //========第一问===========
    SqlList L;
    if(InitList_Sq(L))
        cout << "成功建立顺序表！！！" << endl;
    else
        cout << "顺序表建立失败！！！" << endl;

    //========第二问===========
    for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
    {
        book book;
        cin >> book.number;  //编号
        cin >> book.name;    //书名
        cin >> book.price;   //定价
        ListInsert_Sq(L, i, book);
    }
    Printout_Sq(L); //输出
    
    //========第三问===========
    cout << "请输入一个位置用来获取数据:" << endl;
    for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
    {
        int num;
        cin >> num;
        GetElem(L, num);
    }
    
    //========第四问===========
    cout << "请输入所查找的书本价格:" << endl;
    float price_elect;
    cin >> price_elect;
    LocateElem_Sq(L, price_elect);

    //========第五问===========
    cout << "请输入所要删除的书籍的编号:";
    int num_elect;
    cin >> num_elect;
    if(ListDelete_Sq(L, num_elect))
        cout << "删除成功" << endl;
    else
        cout << "删除失败" << endl;
    Printout_Sq(L); //输出

    return 0;
}