docker常用操作

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已于 2022-08-08 14:17:34 修改

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分类专栏： docker容器文章标签： docker linux 运维

于 2022-08-07 13:37:08 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_58114167/article/details/126210114

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docker常用操作

命令	功能
docker search	在 Docker 中心搜索映像
docker pull	从注册表中拉取映像或存储库
docker images	列出图像
docker create	创建新的连接器
docker start	启动一个或多个已停止的容器
docker run	在新容器中运行命令
docker attach	连接到运行容器
docker ps	列出容器
docker logs	获取容器的日志
docker restart	重新启动容器
docker stop	停止一个或多个正在运行的容器
docker kill	杀死一个或多个正在运行的容器
docker rm	删除容器或更多容器
docker exec	在正在运行的容器中运行命令
docker info	显示系统范围的信息
docker inspect	返回有关 Docker 对象的低级信息

docker event state

[root@localhost ~]# docker search httpd
NAME                                 DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
httpd                                The Apache HTTP Server Project                  4109      [OK]       
centos/httpd-24-centos7              Platform for running Apache httpd 2.4 or bui…   44                   
centos/httpd                                                                         35                   [OK]
clearlinux/httpd                     httpd HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) ser…   2                    
hypoport/httpd-cgi                   httpd-cgi                                       2                    [OK]
solsson/httpd-openidc                mod_auth_openidc on official httpd image, ve…   2                    [OK]
dockerpinata/httpd                                                                   1                    
nnasaki/httpd-ssi                    SSI enabled Apache 2.4 on Alpine Linux          1                    
lead4good/httpd-fpm                  httpd server which connects via fcgi proxy h…   1                    [OK]
inanimate/httpd-ssl                  A play container with httpd, ssl enabled, an…   1                    [OK]
publici/httpd                        httpd:latest                                    1                    [OK]
dariko/httpd-rproxy-ldap             Apache httpd reverse proxy with LDAP authent…   1                    [OK]
manageiq/httpd                       Container with httpd, built on CentOS for Ma…   1                    [OK]
centos/httpd-24-centos8                                                              1                    
manasip/httpd                                                                        0                    
amd64/httpd                          The Apache HTTP Server Project                  0                    
patrickha/httpd-err                                                                  0                    
manageiq/httpd_configmap_generator   Httpd Configmap Generator                       0                    [OK]
paketobuildpacks/httpd                                                               0                    
httpdss/archerysec                   ArcherySec repository                           0                    [OK]
httpdocker/kubia                                                                     0                    
sandeep1988/httpd-new                httpd-new                                       0                    
e2eteam/httpd                                                                        0                    
19022021/httpd-connection_test       This httpd image will test the connectivity …   0                    
sherazahmedvaival/httpd-php-fpm74                                                    0                    

从注册表中拉取映像或存储库（也就是下载docker仓库中的镜像）
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull httpd
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/httpd
a2abf6c4d29d: Pull complete 
dcc4698797c8: Pull complete 
41c22baa66ec: Pull complete 
67283bbdd4a0: Pull complete 
d982c879c57e: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:0954cc1af252d824860b2c5dc0a10720af2b7a3d3435581ca788dff8480c7b32
Status: Downloaded newer image for httpd:latest
docker.io/library/httpd:latest


[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
httpd        latest    dabbfbe0c57b   7 months ago   144MB

[root@localhost ~]#  docker create httpd 
1d7553ed6b824e94b8e28f8a7b89f1f44c5c901253dbadd60866f054650860fb

//这样的方式创建会在执行完命令后退出
[root@localhost ~]# docker create httpd -it sleep 1000
b5c6289db9e7ab4666b050be19dbdd92b95dd7defc9da91f82de71e468c41661
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND              CREATED              STATUS    PORTS     NAMES
b5c6289db9e7   httpd     "-it sleep 1000"     30 seconds ago       Created             zealous_margulis
1d7553ed6b82   httpd     "httpd-foreground"   About a minute ago   Created             focused_curran

启动一个或多个已停止的容器
[root@localhost ~]# docker start 1d7553ed6b82
1d7553ed6b82
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND              CREATED         STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
1d7553ed6b82   httpd     "httpd-foreground"   2 minutes ago   Up 35 seconds   80/tcp    focused_curran

进入到指定容器中执行命令
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d --name web -p 80:80 httpd
4a8ef91bae15991f2fe541c8b710cbd0a94da28a15b040bdf5970adfd014bb6e
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND              CREATED          STATUS              PORTS                               NAMES
4a8ef91bae15   httpd     "httpd-foreground"   36 seconds ago   Up 35 seconds       0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp   web
1d7553ed6b82   httpd     "httpd-foreground"   3 minutes ago    Up About a minute   80/tcp                              focused_curran

获取日志信息
[root@localhost ~]#  docker logs 1d7553ed6b82 
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 172.17.0.2. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 172.17.0.2. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
[Sun Aug 07 05:25:42.199748 2022] [mpm_event:notice] [pid 1:tid 140265721298240] AH00489: Apache/2.4.52 (Unix) configured -- resuming normal operations
[Sun Aug 07 05:25:42.199881 2022] [core:notice] [pid 1:tid 140265721298240] AH00094: Command line: 'httpd -D FOREGROUND'


[root@localhost ~]# docker restart 1d7553ed6b82 
1d7553ed6b82

kill杀死某个进程
[root@localhost ~]#  docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND              CREATED         STATUS          PORTS                               NAMES
4a8ef91bae15   httpd     "httpd-foreground"   3 minutes ago   Up 3 minutes    0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp   web
1d7553ed6b82   httpd     "httpd-foreground"   6 minutes ago   Up 43 seconds   80/tcp                              focused_curran

[root@localhost ~]# docker kill 1d7553ed6b82
1d7553ed6b82
[root@localhost ~]#  docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND              CREATED         STATUS         PORTS                               NAMES
4a8ef91bae15   httpd     "httpd-foreground"   3 minutes ago   Up 3 minutes   0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp   web


删除一个或者多个容器		docker rm  -f :强制删除
[root@localhost ~]#  docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND              CREATED         STATUS         PORTS                               NAMES
4a8ef91bae15   httpd     "httpd-foreground"   4 minutes ago   Up 4 minutes   0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp   web
b5c6289db9e7   httpd     "-it sleep 1000"     7 minutes ago   Created        80/tcp                              zealous_margulis
[root@localhost ~]#  docker rm  b5c6289db9e7
b5c6289db9e7


显示系统范围内的信息
[root@localhost ~]#  docker info
Client:
 Context:    default
 Debug Mode: false
 Plugins:
  app: Docker App (Docker Inc., v0.9.1-beta3)
  buildx: Docker Buildx (Docker Inc., v0.8.2-docker)
  scan: Docker Scan (Docker Inc., v0.17.0)

Server:
 Containers: 1
  Running: 1
  Paused: 0
  Stopped: 0
 Images: 1
 Server Version: 20.10.17
 Storage Driver: overlay2
  Backing Filesystem: xfs
  Supports d_type: true
  Native Overlay Diff: true
  userxattr: false
 Logging Driver: json-file
 Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
 Cgroup Version: 1
 Plugins:
  Volume: local
  Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay
  Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog
 Swarm: inactive
 Runtimes: io.containerd.runc.v2 io.containerd.runtime.v1.linux runc
 Default Runtime: runc
 Init Binary: docker-init
 containerd version: 10c12954828e7c7c9b6e0ea9b0c02b01407d3ae1
 runc version: v1.1.2-0-ga916309
 init version: de40ad0
 Security Options:
  seccomp
   Profile: default
 Kernel Version: 4.18.0-348.el8.x86_64
 Operating System: CentOS Linux 8
 OSType: linux
 Architecture: x86_64
 CPUs: 4
 Total Memory: 3.623GiB
 Name: localhost.localdomain
 ID: SUJZ:FLPL:LKKD:GR3P:SB4A:QQFL:QOJ7:FTJM:UWEM:CF2K:W4VK:7X42
 Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
 Debug Mode: false
 Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
 Labels:
 Experimental: false
 Insecure Registries:
  127.0.0.0/8
 Registry Mirrors:
  https://jwzkofjg.mirror.aliyuncs.com/
 Live Restore Enabled: false