c++模板--模板的模板参数与成员模板

头文件Stack_templateValue.h

#ifndef __STACK_TEMPLATEVALUE__
#define __STACK_TEMPLATEVALUE__

#include <deque>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <memory>

template<typename T, template<typename ELEM,
	typename /*由于不会用到这个参数所以不写了*/ = std::allocator<ELEM> >
	class/*这里只能写class*/ CONT = std::deque>
class Stack {
private:
	CONT<T> elems;//保存元素的容器

public:
	void push(T const&);//入栈
	void pop();//出栈
	T top() const;//返回栈顶元素
	inline bool empty() const { return elems.empty(); }//返回栈是否为空

	template<typename T2, template<typename ELEM2,
		typename = std::allocator<ELEM2> >
		class CONT2>
		Stack<T, CONT>& operator= (Stack<T2, CONT2> const&);
};

#include "Stack_templateValue.cpp" 

#endif // !__STACK_TEMPLATEVALUE__

实现头文件Stack_templateValue.h

#ifdef __STACK_TEMPLATEVALUE__


template <typename T, template <typename, typename> class CONT>
inline
void Stack<T, CONT>::push(T const& elem) {
	elems.push_back(elem);
}

template <typename T, template <typename, typename> class CONT>
inline
void Stack<T, CONT>::pop() {
	if (elems.empty()) {
		throw std::out_of_range("Stack<>::pop() : empty stack");
	}
	elems.pop_back();
}

template <typename T, template <typename, typename> class CONT>
inline
T Stack<T, CONT>::top() const{
	if (elems.empty()) {
		throw std::out_of_range("Stack<>::top() : empty stack");
	}
	return elems.back();
}

template <typename T, template <typename, typename> class CONT>
 template <typename T2, template <typename, typename> class CONT2>
inline
Stack<T, CONT>& Stack<T, CONT>::operator= (Stack<T2, CONT2> const& op2) {
	if ((void*)this == (void*)&op2){
		return *this;
	}

	Stack<T2, CONT2> tmp(op2);

	elems.clear();

	while (!tmp.empty()) {
		elems.push_back(tmp.top());
		tmp.pop();
	}
}


#endif // __STACK_TEMPLATEVALUE__

测试

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include "Stack_templateValue.h"


int main()
{
    //模板的模板参数
    {
        try {
            Stack<int> intStack;
            Stack<float> floatStack;

            intStack.push(42);
            intStack.push(7);

            floatStack.push(7.7);

            floatStack = intStack;

            std::cout << floatStack.top() << std::endl;
            floatStack.pop();
            std::cout << floatStack.top() << std::endl;

        }
        catch (std::exception const& ex) {
            std::cerr << ex.what() << std::endl;
        }
    }


}