docker || compose

什么是docker compose？

docker 官方出品的容器编排工具： compose

docker compose只能在一台宿主机上编排容器，启动多个容器

Compose 是 Docker 容器进行编排的工具，定义和运行多容器的应用，可以一条命令启动多个容器，使用Docker Compose不再需要使用shell脚本来启动容器。

Compose是用于定义和运行多容器Docker应用程序的工具。通过Compose，您可以使用YAML文件来配置应用程序的服务。然后使用一个命令，就可以从配置中创建并启动所有服务。

---

第1步：新建一个目录。

[root@docker Dockerfile]# mkdir composetest
[root@docker Dockerfile]# cd composetest/

第2步：vim app.py.

[root@docker composetest]# vim app.py

import time
import redis
from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)
cache = redis.Redis(host='redis', port=6379)
def get_hit_count():
    retries = 5
    while True:
        try:
            return cache.incr('hits')
        except redis.exceptions.ConnectionError as exc:
            if retries == 0:
                raise exc
            retries -= 1
            time.sleep(0.5)
@app.route('/')
def hello():
    count = get_hit_count()
    return 'Hello World! I have been seen {} times.\n'.format(count)

第3步：vim requirement.txt。

[root@docker composetest]# vim requirements.txt 
flask
redis

第4步：编写 Dockerfile。

[root@docker composetest]# cat Dockerfile

# syntax=docker/dockerfile:1
FROM python:3.7-alpine
WORKDIR /code
ENV FLASK_APP=app.py
ENV FLASK_RUN_HOST=0.0.0.0
RUN apk add --no-cache gcc musl-dev linux-headers
COPY requirements.txt requirements.txt
RUN pip install -r requirements.txt
EXPOSE 5000
COPY . .
CMD ["flask", "run"]

第5步：vim docker-compose.yml

[root@docker composetest]# cat docker-compose.yml

version: "3.9"
services:
  web:
    build: .
    ports:
      - "5000:5000"
  redis:
    image: "redis:alpine"

第6步：使用compose 批量启动容器。

[root@docker composetest]# docker compose up

windows 浏览器里直接访问

终端中按ctrl+c 即可停止程序。

[root@docker ~]# docker compose down
no configuration file provided: not found

[root@docker composetest]# pwd
/lianxi/Dockerfile/composetest
[root@docker composetest]# docker compose down
[+] Running 3/2
 ⠿ Container composetest-redis-1  Removed                                                                                                                                                                   0.2s
 ⠿ Container composetest-web-1    Removed                                                                                                                                                                   0.3s
 ⠿ Network composetest_default    Removed                                                                                                                                                                   0.1s
[root@docker composetest]# docker compose ps
NAME                IMAGE               COMMAND             SERVICE             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS

注意：使用compose需要注意路径

路径不对，compose会使用不了。

---

docker compose 的使用和docker很相似。

查看容器

[root@docker composetest]# docker compose ps
NAME                  IMAGE               COMMAND                  SERVICE             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS
composetest-redis-1   redis:alpine        "docker-entrypoint.s…"   redis               6 minutes ago       Up 4 minutes        6379/tcp
composetest-web-1     composetest-web     "flask run"              web                 6 minutes ago       Up 4 minutes        0.0.0.0:8000->5000/tcp, :::8000->5000/tcp

进入容器

[root@docker composetest]# docker compose exec -it web sh
/code # ls
Dockerfile           __pycache__          app.py         docker-compose.yml   requirements.txt

查看compose版本

[root@docker composetest]# docker compose version
Docker Compose version v2.16.0

查看compose的帮助文档。

[root@docker composetest]# docker compose --help
Options:
      --ansi string                Control when to print ANSI control characters ("never"|"always"|"auto") (default "auto")
      --compatibility              Run compose in backward compatibility mode
      --env-file string            Specify an alternate environment file.
  -f, --file stringArray           Compose configuration files
      --parallel int               Control max parallelism, -1 for unlimited (default -1)
      --profile stringArray        Specify a profile to enable
      --project-directory string   Specify an alternate working directory
                                   (default: the path of the, first specified, Compose file)
  -p, --project-name string        Project name

Commands:
  build       Build or rebuild services
  config      Parse, resolve and render compose file in canonical format
  cp          Copy files/folders between a service container and the local filesystem
  create      Creates containers for a service.
  down        Stop and remove containers, networks
  events      Receive real time events from containers.
  exec        Execute a command in a running container.
  images      List images used by the created containers
  kill        Force stop service containers.
  logs        View output from containers
  ls          List running compose projects
  pause       Pause services
  port        Print the public port for a port binding.
  ps          List containers
  pull        Pull service images
  push        Push service images
  restart     Restart service containers
  rm          Removes stopped service containers
  run         Run a one-off command on a service.
  start       Start services
  stop        Stop services
  top         Display the running processes
  unpause     Unpause services
  up          Create and start containers
  version     Show the Docker Compose version information