7-22 龟兔赛跑
1.题目
乌龟与兔子进行赛跑,跑场是一个矩型跑道,跑道边可以随地进行休息。乌龟每分钟可以前进3米,兔子每分钟前进9米;兔子嫌乌龟跑得慢,觉得肯定能跑赢乌龟,于是,每跑10分钟回头看一下乌龟,若发现自己超过乌龟,就在路边休息,每次休息30分钟,否则继续跑10分钟;而乌龟非常努力,一直跑,不休息。假定乌龟与兔子在同一起点同一时刻开始起跑,请问T分钟后乌龟和兔子谁跑得快?
输入格式:
输入在一行中给出比赛时间T(分钟)。
输出格式:
在一行中输出比赛的结果:乌龟赢输出@@,兔子赢输出_,平局则输出--;后跟1空格,再输出胜利者跑完的距离。
输入样例:
242
输出样例:
@_@ 726
2.分析
根据乌龟和兔子的先后顺序,不同情况来分析
3.代码
尝试1:未考虑10分钟之内,奔跑中平局
#include <stdio.h>
# define A 10 //跑
# define B 30 // 休息
# define Rabbit_Speed 9 //兔子速度
# define Turtle_Speed 3 //乌龟速度
void main()
{
int T,Time=0; //规定实际时间,和理论时间
int Rabbit_Distance=0,Turtle_Distance=0;
scanf("%d",&T);
while(Time<T)
{
if(Rabbit_Distance>Turtle_Distance) //兔子在乌龟前面
{
Turtle_Distance+=Turtle_Speed*B;
Time+=B;
}
else
{
Rabbit_Distance+=Rabbit_Speed*A;
Turtle_Distance+=Turtle_Speed*A;
Time+=A;
}
}
if(Time-A>T) //判断最后一次是兔子在前,还是乌龟在前
{
//此时兔子在前,兔子休息
Turtle_Distance+=Turtle_Speed*(T-Time); //更新乌龟的路程
}
else
{
//此时乌龟在前,乌龟兔子都在跑
Turtle_Distance+=Turtle_Speed*(T-Time);
Rabbit_Distance+=Rabbit_Distance*(T-Time);
}
if(Turtle_Distance>Rabbit_Distance) //乌龟赢
printf("@_@ %d",Turtle_Distance);
else if(Turtle_Distance<Rabbit_Distance)
printf("^_^ %d",Rabbit_Distance);
else
printf("-_- %d",Rabbit_Distance);
}
尝试2:未考虑奔跑中平局
正确解法: 更改尝试1,2中的Rabbit_Speed 为Rabit_Distance
#include <stdio.h>
# define A 10 //跑
# define B 30 // 休息
# define Rabbit_Speed 9 //兔子速度
# define Turtle_Speed 3 //乌龟速度
void main()
{
int T,Time=0; //规定实际时间,和理论时间
int Rabbit_Distance=0,Turtle_Distance=0;
scanf("%d",&T);
if(T<=10)
printf("^_^ %d",Rabbit_Speed*T);
else
{
while(Time<T)
{
if(Rabbit_Distance>Turtle_Distance) //兔子在乌龟前面
{
Turtle_Distance+=Turtle_Speed*B;
Time+=B;
}
else
{
Rabbit_Distance+=Rabbit_Speed*A;
Turtle_Distance+=Turtle_Speed*A;
Time+=A;
}
}
if(Time-A>T) //判断最后一次是兔子在前,还是乌龟在前
{
//此时兔子在前,兔子休息
Turtle_Distance+=Turtle_Speed*(T-Time); //更新乌龟的路程
}
else
{
//此时乌龟在前,乌龟兔子都在跑
Turtle_Distance+=Turtle_Speed*(T-Time);
Rabbit_Distance+=Rabbit_Speed*(T-Time);
}
if(Turtle_Distance>Rabbit_Distance) //乌龟赢
printf("@_@ %d",Turtle_Distance);
else if(Turtle_Distance<Rabbit_Distance)
printf("^_^ %d",Rabbit_Distance);
else
printf("-_- %d",Rabbit_Distance);
}
}
正确解法的优化
思路:更新乌龟的路程,以及时间小于10都可以合并
#include <stdio.h>
# define A 10 //跑
# define B 30 // 休息
# define Rabbit_Speed 9 //兔子速度
# define Turtle_Speed 3 //乌龟速度
void main()
{
int T,Time=0; //规定实际时间,和理论时间
int Rabbit_Distance=0,Turtle_Distance=0;
scanf("%d",&T);
while(Time<T)
{
if(Rabbit_Distance>Turtle_Distance) //兔子在乌龟前面
{
Turtle_Distance+=Turtle_Speed*B;
Time+=B;
}
else //乌龟在前
{
Rabbit_Distance+=Rabbit_Speed*A;
Turtle_Distance+=Turtle_Speed*A;
Time+=A;
}
}
Turtle_Distance+=Turtle_Speed*(T-Time); //更新乌龟的路程(乌龟的路程是一定要更新的,所以写到前面)
if(Time-A<=T)
{
//(此时乌龟在前/T小于10)乌龟兔子都在跑
Rabbit_Distance+=Rabbit_Speed*(T-Time);
}
if(Turtle_Distance>Rabbit_Distance) //乌龟赢
printf("@_@ %d",Turtle_Distance);
else if(Turtle_Distance<Rabbit_Distance)
printf("^_^ %d",Rabbit_Distance);
else
printf("-_- %d",Rabbit_Distance);
}
4.总结
活用while循环,注意特殊情况的考虑
5.更新日志
2022.3.12 整理(C)