数据结构我好爱：栈的应用--括号匹配

我们可以通过栈来匹配括号是否齐全：把左括号压入栈，当遇见右括号且与栈顶括号匹配的时候，我们将栈顶的左括号弹出，继续检验。

简直就是用栈的完美特性“先进后出”

常规操作：压栈与入栈就不说了！

主要函数：括号匹配函数：

        1.开始逐个遍历字符串

        2.将左括号读入

        3.如果有拥有右括号且与栈顶括号匹配，弹出栈顶，否则return 0；

        4.防止最后一个元素为左括号压入了栈，检查栈顶是否为提前设置的#，否则return 0

        5.最终return 1，括号匹配成功

int baketJudge(char* str) {
	stackPtr head = InitStack();
	push(head, '#');
	char topc;
	for (int i = 0; i < strlen(str); i++) {
		char tempc = str[i];

		switch (tempc) {
		case '(':
		case '[':
		case '{':
			push(head, tempc);
			break;
		case ')':
			topc = pop(head);
			if (topc != '(') return 0;
			break;
		case ']':
			topc = pop(head);
			if (topc != '[') return 0;
			break;
		case '}':
			topc = pop(head);
			if (topc != '{') return 0;
			break;
		default:
			break;
		}
	}
	topc = pop(head);
	if (topc != '#') {
		return 0;
	}
	return 1;
}

 

完整代码：

#include<stdio.h>
#include<malloc.h>
#include<string.h>

typedef struct {
	char data[20];
	int top;
}*stackPtr,stack;

void Print(stackPtr head) {
	if (head->top == -1) return;
	for (int i = head->top; i >= 0; i--) {
		printf("%c ", head->data[i]);
	}
}


stackPtr InitStack() {
	stackPtr head = (stackPtr)malloc(sizeof(stack));
	head->top = -1;
	return head;
}

void push(stackPtr head, char c) {
	if (head->top >= 18) {
		printf("no space");
		return;
	}
	head->top++;
	head->data[head->top] = c;
}

char pop(stackPtr head) {
	char tempchar = head->data[head->top];
	head->top--;
	return tempchar;
}

int baketJudge(char* str) {
	stackPtr head = InitStack();
	push(head, '#');
	char topc;
	for (int i = 0; i < strlen(str); i++) {
		char tempc = str[i];

		switch (tempc) {
		case '(':
		case '[':
		case '{':
			push(head, tempc);
			break;
		case ')':
			topc = pop(head);
			if (topc != '(') return 0;
			break;
		case ']':
			topc = pop(head);
			if (topc != '[') return 0;
			break;
		case '}':
			topc = pop(head);
			if (topc != '{') return 0;
			break;
		default:
			break;
		}
	}
	topc = pop(head);
	if (topc != '#') {
		return 1;
	}
	return 1;
}

void Test() {
	char* tempExpression = "[2 + (1 - 3)] * 4";
	printf("%s \n", tempExpression);
	if (baketJudge(tempExpression)) printf("true\n");
	else printf("false\n");

	char* tempExpression1 = "[2 + (1 - 3)]) * 4";
	printf("%s \n", tempExpression1);
	if (baketJudge(tempExpression1)) printf("true\n");
	else printf("false\n");
}

int main() {
	Test();
	return 0;
}