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文章目录
前言
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根据电商日志文件,分析:
1 . 统计页面浏览量(每行记录就是一次浏览)
2 . 统计各个省份的浏览量 (需要解析IP)
3 . 日志的ETL操作(ETL:数据从来源端经过抽取(Extract)、转换(Transform)、加载(Load)至目的端的过程)
为什么要ETL:没有必要解析出所有数据,只需要解析出有价值的字段即可。本项目中需要解析出:ip、url、pageId(topicId对应的页面Id)、country、province、city
一、统计页面浏览量(每行记录就是一次浏览)
-
读入数据
-
编写代码
map代码
static class Mymapper extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, LongWritable> {
private Text KEY=new Text("key");
private LongWritable ONE=new LongWritable(1);
@Override
protected void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
context.write(KEY,ONE);
}
}
reduce代码
static class Mymapper extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, LongWritable> {
private Text KEY=new Text("key");
private LongWritable ONE=new LongWritable(1);
@Override
protected void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
context.write(KEY,ONE);
}
}
3.将编写好的程序进行打包在Hadoop中运行jar包
二、统计各个省份的浏览量 (需要解析IP)
- 导入数据
- 编写代码
map代码
protected void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
// Split the input line into fields based on the delimiter
String[] fields = value.toString().split("\u0001");
if (fields.length > 13) {
// Assuming the IP address is in the 14th field (index 13)
String ip = fields[13];
String log = value.toString();
LogParser parser = new LogParser();
Map<String, String> logInfo = parser.parse(log);
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(logInfo.get("ip"))) {
IPParser.RegionInfo regionInfo = IPParser.getInstance().analyseIp(logInfo.get("ip"));
String province = regionInfo.getProvince();
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(province)) {
context.write(new Text(province), new IntWritable(1));
} else {
context.write(new Text("-"), new IntWritable(1));
}
} else {
context.write(new Text("+"), new IntWritable(1));
}
}
}
reduce 代码
protected void reduce(Text key, Iterable<IntWritable> values, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
int sum = 0;
for (IntWritable val : values) {
sum += val.get();
}
result.set(sum);
context.write(key, result);
}
总体代码
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.NullWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* 浏览量的统计
*/
public class PVStatApp {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
// driver类 八股文
Configuration configuration =new Configuration();
FileSystem fileSystem=FileSystem.get(configuration);
Path outputPath=new Path(args[1]);
if(fileSystem.exists(outputPath)){
fileSystem.delete(outputPath,true);
}
Job job =Job.getInstance(configuration);
job.setJarByClass(PVStatApp.class);
job.setMapperClass(Mymapper.class);
job.setReducerClass(MyReducer.class);
job.setMapOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
job.setMapOutputValueClass(LongWritable.class);
job.setOutputKeyClass(NullWritable.class);
job.setOutputValueClass(LongWritable.class);
FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(job,new Path(args[0]));
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job,new Path(args[1]));
job.waitForCompletion(true);
}
//Map
static class Mymapper extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, LongWritable> {
private Text KEY=new Text("key");
private LongWritable ONE=new LongWritable(1);
@Override
protected void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
context.write(KEY,ONE);
}
}
//Reduce
static class MyReducer extends Reducer<Text,LongWritable, NullWritable,LongWritable>{
@Override
protected void reduce(Text key, Iterable<LongWritable> values, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
long count =0;
for(LongWritable value :values){
count++;
}
context.write(NullWritable.get(),new LongWritable(count));
}
}
}
- 将代码打包成jar包并上传结果至hdfs,查看最终结果
三、日志的ETL操作(ETL:数据从来源端经过抽取(Extract)、转换(Transform)、加载(Load)至目的端的过程)
1.分析题目
1.日志的ETL操作
ETL操作是指从原始数据中提取有用信息、转换数据格式并加载到目标系统的过程。在本项目中,需要提取日志中的IP、URL、pageId(topicId对应的页面Id)、country、province、city字段。
2. ETL步骤:
Extract(提取):从原始日志文件中提取出上述字段。
Transform(转换):将提取的数据转换成适合分析的格式,例如,将IP地址转换为地理位置信息(国家、省份、城市)。
Load(加载):将转换后的数据加载到目标数据库或数据仓库中,以便进一步分析。
3.ETL实现:
Map阶段:设计一个Mapper来执行ETL操作,输出键值对,其中键可以是日志的唯一标识(如日志行号或时间戳),值是一个包含所有提取字段的对象或结构。
Reduce阶段:在某些情况下,Reduce阶段可以用来进一步清洗或聚合ETL过程中的数据。
- 实现步骤
public class ETLApp {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
Configuration configuration = new Configuration();
FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystem.get(configuration);
Path outputPath = new Path(args[1]);
if (fileSystem.exists(outputPath)) {
fileSystem.delete(outputPath, true);
}
Job job = Job.getInstance(configuration);
job.setJarByClass(ETLApp.class);
job.setMapperClass(MyMapper.class);
job.setMapOutputKeyClass(NullWritable.class);
job.setMapOutputValueClass(Text.class);
FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(job, new Path(args[0]));
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(args[1]));
job.waitForCompletion(true);
}
static class MyMapper extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text, NullWritable, Text> {
private LongWritable ONE = new LongWritable(1);
private LogParser logParser;
@Override
protected void setup(Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
logParser = new LogParser();
}
@Override
protected void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
String log = value.toString();
Map<String, String> info = logParser.parseV2(log);
String ip=info.get("ip");
String country=info.get("country");
String province=info.get("province");
String city=info.get("city");
String url=info.get("url");
String time=info.get("time");
String pageId=ContentUtils.getPageId(url);
StringBuilder builder=new StringBuilder();
builder.append(ip).append("\t");
builder.append(country).append("\t");
builder.append(province).append("\t");
builder.append(city).append("\t");
builder.append(url).append("\t");
builder.append(time).append("\t");
builder.append(pageId);
context.write(NullWritable.get(),new Text(builder.toString()));
}
}
}
- 将代码打包成jar包
- 将jar包传入hadoop目录下并运行
- 在hdfs中查看结果
四、总结
通过编写了mapreduce代码来统计页面浏览量和统计统计各个省份的浏览量 。并且通过ETL操作对电商日志文件进行了有效处理,实现了数据的高效管理和分析。需要注意在数据提取(Extract)过程中的数据识别中,在提取过程中,需要识别出对业务分析有价值的数据字段。ETL过程中的数据清洗涉及过滤掉不符合要求的数据,如不完整、错误或重复的数据。数据转换则包括不一致数据的转换、数据粒度的转换、商务规则的计算和聚集等。这些操作有助于确保数据仓库中数据的准确性和一致性。