目录
一、TCP文件上传实现
准备工作:准备一张图片放于根目录下
客户端:1)创建一个socket连接
2)创建一个输出流
3)需要拿到文件 ---> 需要文件流
4)将文件写出 (需要用到IO流知识点,这一块都是固定写法)
5)通知服务器传输完毕
6)确认服务器接收完毕,断开连接
7)关闭资源
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
public class TcpClientDemo02 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//1.创建一个socket连接
Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"), 9000);
//2.创建一个输出流
OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
//3.文件流(拿到文件)
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("tx.PNG");
//4.写出文件
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];//缓冲区
int len;
while((len=fis.read(buffer))!=-1){
os.write(buffer,0,len);
}
//通知服务器传输完毕
socket.shutdownOutput();
//确定服务器接收完毕,才断开连接
InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[] buffer2 = new byte[2014];
int len2;
while((len2=inputStream.read(buffer2))!=-1){
baos.write(buffer2,0,len2);
}
System.out.println(baos.toString());
//关闭资源
baos.close();
inputStream.close();
fis.close();
os.close();
socket.close();
}
}
服务器:1)创建服务 (两边端口号需一致)
2)监听客户端的连接
3)获取输入流
4)文件输出 ---> 利用管道输出流 (固定写法)
5)通知客户端接收完毕
6)关闭资源
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class TcpServerDemo02 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//1.创建服务
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9000);
//2.监听客户端的连接
Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();//阻塞式监听,会一直等待客户端的连接
//3.获取输入流
InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
//4.文件输出(利用管道输出流)
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(new File("receive.PNG"));
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len;
while((len=is.read(buffer))!=-1){
fos.write(buffer,0,len);
}
//通知客户端接收完毕
OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
os.write("可以断开了".getBytes());
//5.关闭资源
fos.close();
is.close();
socket.close();
serverSocket.close();
}
}
运行结果:
tx.PNG是事先准备的资源文件 receive.PNG是接收到的资源文件
二、UDP消息发送
2.1 DatagramPacket
在码头发送和接收货物时都需要使用集装箱来装载货物,UDP通信也是一样,发送和接收的数据也需要使用“集装箱”进行打包,为此JDK中提供了一个DatagramPacket类,该类的实例对象就相当于一个集装箱,用于封装UDP通信中发送或者接收的数据。
2.2 DatagramSocket
DatagramPacket数据包的作用就如同是“集装箱”,可以将发送端或者接收端的数据封装起来。然而运输货物只有“集装箱”是不够的,还需要有码头。在程序中需要实现通信只有DatagramPacket数据包也同样不行,为此JDK中提供的一个DatagramSocket类。DatagramSocket类的作用就类似于码头,使用这个类的实例对象就可以发送和接收DatagramPacket数据包,发送数据的过程如下图所示。
2.3 实现消息通信
实际UDP通信中并不存在客服端和服务器一说法
发送端: 1)需要一个socket
2)建个包
3)确定发送对象
4)发送包
5)关闭流
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
//不需要连接服务器
public class UDPClientDemo01 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//1.建立一个socket
DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();
//2.建个包
String msg="hello";
//发送给谁
InetAddress localhost = InetAddress.getByName("localhost");
int port=9090;
//getBytes() 是Java编程语言中将一个字符串转化为一个字节数组byte[]的方法
//参数:数据 数据的长度 发送给谁
DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(msg.getBytes(), 0, msg.getBytes().length, localhost, port);
//3.发送包
socket.send(packet);
//4.关闭流
socket.close();
}
}
接收端: 1)开放端口
2)接收数据包
3)读取内容
4)关闭流
//需要等待客户端的连接
public class UDPServerDemo01 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//开放端口
DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(9090);
//接收数据包
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer, 0, buffer.length);//接收
socket.receive(packet);//阻塞接受
//读取内容
System.out.println(packet.getAddress().getHostAddress());
System.out.println(new String(packet.getData(),0,packet.getLength()));
//关闭流
socket.close();
}
}
运行结果:
三、UDP聊天实现
发送方:
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
public class UDPSendDemo01 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(8888);
//准备数据:控制台读取 System.in
BufferedReader reader= new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
while (true){
String data= reader.readLine();
byte[] datas=data.getBytes();
DatagramPacket packet=new DatagramPacket(datas,0,datas.length,new InetSocketAddress("localhost",6666));
socket.send(packet);
if (data.equals("bye")){
break;
}
}
socket.close();
}
}
接收方:
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
public class UDPReceiveDemo01 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(6666);
//循环接收
while (true){
//准备接收包裹
byte[] container = new byte[1024];
DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(container,0,container.length);
socket.receive(packet);//阻塞式接收包裹
//断开连接
byte[] data=packet.getData();
String receiveData = new String(data, 0, packet.getLength());
System.out.println(receiveData);
if(receiveData.equals("bye")) {
break;
}
}
socket.close();
}
}
运行结果:
四、UDP多线程在线咨询
双方互为发送方与接收方
案例:模拟教师-学生间互发消息
发送端:
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.SocketException;
public class TalkSend implements Runnable{
private int fromPort;
private String toIP;
private int toPort;
DatagramSocket socket = null;
BufferedReader reader = null;
public TalkSend(int fromPort, String toIP,int toPort) {
this.fromPort = fromPort;
this.toIP = toIP;
this.toPort = toPort;
try {
//初始化建立连接
socket = new DatagramSocket(fromPort);
//控制台获取输入的文字信息
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
} catch (SocketException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void run() {
while(true){
try {
//读取数据
String data = reader.readLine();
//新建数据包
byte[] datas = data.getBytes();
DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket (datas, 0, datas.length,new InetSocketAddress(this.toIP,this.toPort));
//发送包
socket.send(packet);
if(data.startsWith("bye"))
break;
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
接收端:
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
public class TalkReceive implements Runnable{
DatagramSocket socket = null;
private int port;
private String msgFrom;
public TalkReceive(int port, String msgFrom) {
this.port = port;
this.msgFrom = msgFrom;
try {
//初始化建立连接
socket = new DatagramSocket(port);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void run() {
//无限循环获取消息
while (true){
try {
byte[] container = new byte[1024];
//新建包用于存储等下要接收的信息
DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(container, 0, container.length);
//存储到packet里面
socket.receive(packet);
//转换
byte[] data = packet.getData();
String receiveData = new String(data, 0, packet.getLength());
System.out.println(msgFrom + ":" + receiveData);
if(receiveData.startsWith("bye")){
break;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
socket.close();
}
}
学生:
public class TalkStudent{
public static void main(String[] args) {
//开启两个线程
new Thread(new TalkSend(7777,"localhost",9999)).start();
new Thread(new TalkReceive(8888,"老师")).start();
}
}
老师:
public class TalkTeacher {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Thread(new TalkSend(5555,"localhost",8888)).start();
new Thread(new TalkReceive(9999,"学生")).start();
}
}
运行结果:
学生收到的信息:
老师收到的信息:
五、URL下载网络资源
URL:统一资源定位符,定位资源,即定位互联网上的某一个资源
DNS:域名解析
案例:测试URL
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
public class URLDemo01 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException {
URL url = new URL("http://localhost:8080/helloworld/index.jsp?username=biubiu$password=123");
System.out.println(url.getProtocol());//协议名
System.out.println(url.getHost());//主机(IP)
System.out.println(url.getPort());//端口号
System.out.println(url.getPath());//文件地址
System.out.println(url.getFile());//文件全路径
System.out.println(url.getQuery());//参数
}
}
案例:下载网络资源,这里以下载图片为例
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
public class urlDown {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//1.下载地址
URL url = new URL("https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/018fc854848e4a92b9b4e2db976aa779.png");
//2。连接到这个地址
HttpURLConnection urlConnection=(HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
InputStream inputStream = urlConnection.getInputStream();
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("test.png");
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len;
while((len=inputStream.read(buffer))!=-1){
fos.write(buffer,0,len);
}
fos.close();
inputStream.close();
urlConnection.disconnect();
}
}
运行结果:图片被成功下载