一、Spring配置数据源
1.1、数据源(连接池)的作用
常见数据源:DBCP、C3P0、Druid等
1.2、数据源的开发步骤
1.3、案例
获取Druid连接池
druid.properties
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?rewriteBatchedStatements=true
name=root
password=sll520
driverClassName=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
initialSize=10
maxActive=20
maxWait=1000
filters=wall
Test.java
//硬编码
@Test
public void testDruid() throws SQLException {
DruidDataSource dataSource = new DruidDataSource();
dataSource.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
dataSource.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test");
dataSource.setUsername("root");
dataSource.setPassword("sll520");
// dataSource.setInitialSize(8);
DruidPooledConnection connection = dataSource.getConnection();
System.out.println(connection);
}
//加载properties文件
@Test
public void testDruid1() throws Exception {
Properties pro = new Properties();
pro.load(this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("druid.properties"));
DataSource ds = DruidDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(pro);
Connection conn = ds.getConnection();
System.out.println(conn);
}
获取C3P0连接池
c3p0.properties
driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
name=root
password=sll520
c3p0-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<c3p0-config>
<named-config name="helloc3p0">
<!-- 获取连接的4个基本信息 -->
<property name="user">root</property>
<property name="password">sll520</property>
<property name="jdbcUrl">jdbc:mysql:///test</property>
<property name="driverClass">com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver</property>
<!-- 涉及到数据库连接池的管理的相关属性的设置 -->
<!-- 若数据库中连接数不足时, 一次向数据库服务器申请多少个连接 -->
<property name="acquireIncrement">5</property>
<!-- 初始化数据库连接池时连接的数量 -->
<property name="initialPoolSize">5</property>
<!-- 数据库连接池中的最小的数据库连接数 -->
<property name="minPoolSize">5</property>
<!-- 数据库连接池中的最大的数据库连接数 -->
<property name="maxPoolSize">10</property>
<!-- C3P0 数据库连接池可以维护的 Statement 的个数 -->
<property name="maxStatements">20</property>
<!-- 每个连接同时可以使用的 Statement 对象的个数 -->
<property name="maxStatementsPerConnection">5</property>
</named-config>
</c3p0-config>
Test.java
//硬编码
@Test
public void testC3p0() throws Exception {
ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
dataSource.setDriverClass("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
dataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test");
dataSource.setUser("root");
dataSource.setPassword("sll520");
Connection connection = dataSource.getConnection();
System.out.println(connection);
}
//加载c3p0.properties
@Test
public void testC3p01() throws Exception {
ResourceBundle bundle = ResourceBundle.getBundle("c3p0");
String driver = bundle.getString("driver");
String url = bundle.getString("url");
String username = bundle.getString("name");
String password = bundle.getString("password");
ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
dataSource.setDriverClass(driver);
dataSource.setJdbcUrl(url);
dataSource.setUser(username);
dataSource.setPassword(password);
Connection connection = dataSource.getConnection();
System.out.println(connection);
}
//加载c3p0-config.xml
@Test
public void testC3p02() throws Exception {
ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource("helloc3p0");
Connection connection = dataSource.getConnection();
System.out.println(connection);
}
用Spring容器获取dataSource
c3p0连接池
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:c3p0.properties"/>
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="${driver}"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${url}"/>
<!-- 用spel表达式时,${username}会产生歧义以为是计算机系统用户名-->
<property name="user" value="${name}"/>
<property name="password" value="${password}"/>
</bean>
</beans>
其中c3p0.properties
driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
name=root
password=sll520
测试:
@Test
public void testC3p03() throws Exception {
//通过Spring容器实例化对象
ApplicationContext app = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
ComboPooledDataSource bean = app.getBean(ComboPooledDataSource.class);
System.out.println(bean.getConnection());
}
Druid连接池
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:druid.properties"/>
<bean id="dataSource1" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${driverClassName}"/>
<property name="url" value="${url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${name}"/>
<property name="password" value="${password}"/>
</bean>
</beans>
其中druid.properties
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
name=root
password=sll520
driverClassName=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
initialSize=10
maxActive=20
maxWait=1000
filters=wall
测试:
@Test
public void testDruid3() throws Exception {
//通过Spring容器实例化对象
ApplicationContext app = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
DruidDataSource dataSource = app.getBean(DruidDataSource.class);
System.out.println(dataSource.getConnection());
}
二、Spring注解开发
2.1、原始注解
UserDaoImpl类
@Component("userDao")
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
@Override
public void testMethod() {
System.out.println("testMethod... ");
}
}
UsrServiceImpl类
@Component("userService")
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Value("${str}") //el表达式加载test.properties中的键值对进行值注入
String str;
// 方法一:@Autowired 根据数据类型从容器中进行匹配
//方法二:
// @Autowired
// @Qualifier("userDao") 根据id值从容器中进行匹配,但必须与@Autowired结合使用
//方法三:
@Resource(name = "userDao") //@Autowired + @Qualifier("userDao")
private UserDao userDao;
// 可省略
// public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {
// this.userDao = userDao;
// }
@PostConstruct
public void init(){
System.out.println("init... ");
}
@Override
public void testMethod() {
System.out.println(str);
userDao.testMethod();
}
@PreDestroy
public void destroy(){
System.out.println("destroy...");
}
}
test.properties
str=testStr
applicationContext.xml
组件扫描和properties文件加载仍然依赖配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- component-scan-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.xxr"/>
<!-- load properties-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:test.properties"/>
</beans>
2.2、完全注解开发
-
原始注解的局限性:
-
新注解
-
示例
目录结构
Configuration包
1、DataSourceConfiguration类
//标记是配置文件 @Configuration //<context:component-scan base-package="com.xxr"/> @ComponentScan("com.xxr") //<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:c3p0.properties"/> //@PropertySource("classpath:c3p0.properties") @PropertySources({ @PropertySource("classpath:c3p0.properties"), @PropertySource("classpath:test.properties") }) public class DataSourceConfiguration { @Value("${driver}") private String driver; @Value("${url}") private String url; @Value("${name}") private String name; @Value("${password}") private String password; @Bean("dataSource") //Spring会将当前方法的返回值以指定名称存储到Spring容器中 public DataSource getDataSource() throws PropertyVetoException { System.out.println(driver+"\t"+url+"\t"+name+"\t"+password); ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource(); dataSource.setDriverClass(driver); dataSource.setJdbcUrl(url); dataSource.setUser(name); dataSource.setPassword(password); return dataSource; } }
2、SpringConfiguration类
@Configuration //<context:component-scan base-package="com.xxr"/> @ComponentScan("com.xxr") //<import resource = ""/> @Import({DataSourceConfiguration.class}) public class SpringConfiguration { }
测试类
@Test public void test2() throws SQLException { ApplicationContext app = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfiguration.class); UserService userService = app.getBean(UserService.class); // DataSource dataSource = (DataSource) app.getBean("dataSource"); // System.out.println(dataSource); // System.out.println(dataSource.getConnection()); DataSource dataSource = app.getBean(DataSource.class); System.out.println(dataSource); System.out.println(dataSource.getConnection()); userService.testMethod(); }
配置文件
# c3p0.properties driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test name=root password=sll520
-
注记
-
标志是配置类
@Configuration
-
扫描注解所在的包
//<context:component-scan base-package="com.xxr"/> @ComponentScan("com.xxr")
-
加载配置
.properties
文件//<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:c3p0.properties"/> //@PropertySource("classpath:c3p0.properties") @PropertySources({ @PropertySource("classpath:c3p0.properties"), @PropertySource("classpath:test.properties") })
-
核心配置类导入其他配置类
//<import resource = ""/> @Import({DataSourceConfiguration.class})
-
使用
@Test public void test2() throws SQLException { ApplicationContext app = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfiguration.class); UserService userService = app.getBean(UserService.class); // DataSource dataSource = (DataSource) app.getBean("dataSource"); // System.out.println(dataSource); // System.out.println(dataSource.getConnection()); DataSource dataSource = app.getBean(DataSource.class); System.out.println(dataSource); System.out.println(dataSource.getConnection()); userService.testMethod(); }
-
2.3、Spring集成Junit环境
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
//@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {SpringConfiguration.class})
public class SpringJunitTest {
@Autowired
public UserService userService;
@Autowired
public DataSource dataSource;
@Test
public void test1() throws SQLException {
userService.testMethod();
System.out.println(dataSource.getConnection());
}
}
注意:Junit应该不低于4.1.12版本