基于PySide6/PyQt6的GPD系列直流电源驱动程序

青霄玉影

已于 2024-09-03 10:45:43 修改

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文章标签： python vscode

于 2024-09-03 10:45:03 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_62113402/article/details/141821642

版权

一、前期准备

我们在官网可以找到GPD系列的数据手册，在数据手册能找到该系列电源的控制方式，我们的程序也就据此展开：

二、代码部分

1、串口设置

根据数据手册说明，我们可完成对串口的基本设置

该部分界面代码示例：

    def SerialSetting(self):
        self.GropuBox_SerialSetting=QGroupBox('串口设置')
        self.FormLayout_SerialSetting=QFormLayout()
        self.ComboBox_SerialPort=MyComboBox()
        self.ComboBox_SerialPort.clicked.connect(self.DetectSerialPort)
        self.FormLayout_SerialSetting.addRow('串口选择：',self.ComboBox_SerialPort)
        self.ComboBox_BaudRate=QComboBox()
        self.ComboBox_BaudRate.addItems(['9600','57600','115200'])
        self.FormLayout_SerialSetting.addRow('波特率：',self.ComboBox_BaudRate)
        self.PushButton_ToggleSerial=QPushButton('打开串口')
        self.PushButton_ToggleSerial.setCheckable(True)  # 设置按钮为切换按钮
        self.PushButton_ToggleSerial.clicked.connect(self.ToggleSerialPort)
        self.FormLayout_SerialSetting.addRow(self.PushButton_ToggleSerial)
        self.GropuBox_SerialSetting.setLayout(self.FormLayout_SerialSetting)
        return self.GropuBox_SerialSetting

界面实际效果图：

串口功能函数,主要用于获取可用串口以及按照配置打开串口。

    def DetectSerialPort(self):
        self.ComboBox_SerialPort.clear()
          #获取可用串口
        SerialPortList=[x.portName()+' '+x.description() for x in QSerialPortInfo.availablePorts()]
        for port in SerialPortList:
            self.ComboBox_SerialPort.addItem(port)

    def ToggleSerialPort(self):
        if self.PushButton_ToggleSerial.isChecked():
            try:
                # 打开串口
                port_name = self.ComboBox_SerialPort.currentText().split()[0]  # 获取选中的串口名称
                baud_rate = int(self.ComboBox_BaudRate.currentText())
              
                self.SerialPort.setPortName(port_name)
                self.SerialPort.setBaudRate(baud_rate)
                self.SerialPort.setDataBits(QSerialPort.Data8)
                self.SerialPort.setStopBits(QSerialPort.OneStop)
                self.SerialPort.setParity(QSerialPort.NoParity)
                self.SerialPort.setFlowControl(QSerialPort.NoFlowControl)

                if self.SerialPort.open(QSerialPort.ReadWrite):
                    print("串口打开成功")
                    self.ComboBox_SerialPort.setEnabled(False)
                    self.ComboBox_BaudRate.setEnabled(False)
                    self.PushButton_ToggleSerial.setText("关闭串口")
                    self.PushButton_ToggleSerial.setStyleSheet("background-color: red; color: black;")
                else:
                    print("无法打开串口")
                    QMessageBox.critical(self, "错误", "无法打开串口")
            except Exception as e:
                QMessageBox.critical(self, "错误", "请选择串口")
        else:
            # 关闭串口
            self.SerialPort.close()
            self.ComboBox_SerialPort.setEnabled(True)
            self.ComboBox_BaudRate.setEnabled(True)
            self.PushButton_ToggleSerial.setText("打开串口")
            self.PushButton_ToggleSerial.setStyleSheet("background-color: white; color: black;")

2、输出电流/电压的设置和读取

在数据手册里，我们能找到控制用的指令，图中红框所圈出来就是接下来所需用到的指令。

该部分界面代码示例：

   def CurrentControl(self):
        self.GropuBox_CurrentControl=QGroupBox('电流控制')
        self.FormLayout_CurrentControl=QFormLayout()

        self.ComboBox_CurrentChannel=QComboBox()
        self.ComboBox_CurrentChannel.addItems(['CH1','CH2'])
        self.FormLayout_CurrentControl.addRow('电流通道',self.ComboBox_CurrentChannel)

        self.LineEdit_CurrentSet=QLineEdit()
        self.LineEdit_CurrentSet.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
        self.PushButton_CurrentSet=QPushButton('设置')
        self.PushButton_CurrentSet.clicked.connect(self.SetCurrent)
        self.hbox1 = QHBoxLayout()
        self.hbox1.addWidget(self.LineEdit_CurrentSet)
        self.hbox1.addWidget(QLabel('A'))
        self.hbox1.addWidget(self.PushButton_CurrentSet)

        self.FormLayout_CurrentControl.addRow('电流设置',self.hbox1)
        self.LineEdit_CurrentRead=QLineEdit()
        self.LineEdit_CurrentRead.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
        self.PushButton_CurrentRead=QPushButton('读取')
        self.PushButton_CurrentRead.clicked.connect(self.ReadCurrent)
        self.hbox2 = QHBoxLayout()
        self.hbox2.addWidget(self.LineEdit_CurrentRead)
        self.hbox2.addWidget(QLabel('A'))
        self.hbox2.addWidget(self.PushButton_CurrentRead)
        self.FormLayout_CurrentControl.addRow('电流读取',self.hbox2)

        self.GropuBox_CurrentControl.setLayout(self.FormLayout_CurrentControl)
        return self.GropuBox_CurrentControl

    def VoltageControl(self):
        self.GropuBox_VoltageControl=QGroupBox('电压控制')
        self.FormLayout_VoltageControl=QFormLayout()
        self.ComboBox_VoltageChannel=QComboBox()

        self.ComboBox_VoltageChannel.addItems(['CH1','CH2'])
        self.FormLayout_VoltageControl.addRow('电压通道',self.ComboBox_VoltageChannel)

        self.LineEdit_VoltageSet=QLineEdit()
        self.LineEdit_VoltageSet.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
        self.PushButton_VoltageSet=QPushButton('设置')
        self.PushButton_VoltageSet.clicked.connect(self.SetVoltage)

        self.hbox1 = QHBoxLayout()
        self.hbox1.addWidget(self.LineEdit_VoltageSet)
        self.hbox1.addWidget(QLabel('V'))
        self.hbox1.addWidget(self.PushButton_VoltageSet)
        self.FormLayout_VoltageControl.addRow('电压设置',self.hbox1)
        
        self.LineEdit_VoltageRead=QLineEdit()
        self.LineEdit_VoltageRead.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
        self.PushButton_VoltageRead=QPushButton('读取')
        self.PushButton_VoltageRead.clicked.connect(self.ReadVoltage)
        self.hbox2 = QHBoxLayout()
        self.hbox2.addWidget(self.LineEdit_VoltageRead)
        self.hbox2.addWidget(QLabel('V'))
        self.hbox2.addWidget(self.PushButton_VoltageRead)
        self.FormLayout_VoltageControl.addRow('电压读取',self.hbox2)

        self.GropuBox_VoltageControl.setLayout(self.FormLayout_VoltageControl)
        return self.GropuBox_VoltageControl

实际效果图：

在设置输出电流/电压时，我们需要提取对应下拉中的内容，并按上面指令的格式进行发送：

    def SetCurrent(self):
        if self.SerialPort.isOpen():
            try:
                current = self.LineEdit_CurrentSet.text()
                if current:
                    channel_text = self.ComboBox_CurrentChannel.currentText()
                    channel_mapping = {"CH1": 1, "CH2": 2}
                    channel = channel_mapping[channel_text]
                    # 正确格式化字符串，并进行编码
                    data = f"ISET{channel}:{current}\r\n".encode('utf-8')
                    print(data)
                    # 确保使用的是正确的方法名
                    self.SerialPort.write(data)
                else:
                    QMessageBox.warning(self, "警告", "电流设置不能为空")
            except Exception as e:
                print(e)
                QMessageBox.critical(self, "错误", "设置电流值时出错")

    def SetVoltage(self):
        if self.SerialPort.isOpen():
            try:
                voltage = self.LineEdit_VoltageSet.text()
                if voltage:
                    channel_text = self.ComboBox_VoltageChannel.currentText()
                    channel_mapping = {"CH1": 1, "CH2": 2}
                    channel = channel_mapping[channel_text]
                    # 正确格式化字符串，并进行编码
                    data = f"VSET{channel}:{voltage}\r\n".encode('utf-8')
                    print(data)
                    # 确保使用的是正确的方法名
                    self.SerialPort.write(data)
                else:
                    QMessageBox.warning(self, "警告", "电压设置不能为空")
            except Exception as e:
                print(e)
                QMessageBox.critical(self, "错误", "设置电压值时出错")

在读取电源实际输出电流/电压时，我们首先需要通过串口发送前文中的查询指令，同时开启串口接收进程，待接收到电源发过来对应的数据后，再将其处理后显示在对应的框中：

   def ReadCurrent(self):
        if self.SerialPort.isOpen():
            try:
                channel_text = self.ComboBox_CurrentChannel.currentText()
                channel_mapping = {"CH1": 1, "CH2": 2}
                channel = channel_mapping[channel_text]
                # 正确格式化字符串，并进行编码
                data = f"IOUT{channel}?\r\n".encode('utf-8')
                print(data)
                # 确保使用的是正确的方法名
                self.SerialPort.write(data)
                self.Thead.start()
                self.GPDThead.ReceiveCurrent_Start()
                self.SerialPort.clear()
                
            except Exception as e:
                print(e)
                QMessageBox.critical(self, "错误", "读取电流值时出错")

    def ReadCurrentProcess(self):
        if self.SerialPort.isOpen():
            try:
                data = self.SerialPort.readAll().data().decode('utf-8')
                if data:
                    print(data)
                    self.LineEdit_CurrentRead.clear()
                    self.LineEdit_CurrentRead.setText(data)
                    self.GPDThead.ReceiveCurrent_Stop()
                    self.Thead.quit()
            except Exception as e:
                print(e)
                QMessageBox.critical(self, "错误", "读取电流值时出错")


    def ReadVoltage(self):
        if self.SerialPort.isOpen():
            try:
                channel_text = self.ComboBox_VoltageChannel.currentText()
                channel_mapping = {"CH1": 1, "CH2": 2}
                channel = channel_mapping[channel_text]
                # 正确格式化字符串，并进行编码
                data = f"VOUT{channel}?\r\n".encode('utf-8')
                print(data)
                # 确保使用的是正确的方法名
                self.SerialPort.write(data)
                self.SerialPort.clear()
                self.Thead.start()
                self.GPDThead.ReceiveVoltage_Start()
            except Exception as e:
                print(e)
                QMessageBox.critical(self, "错误", "读取电压值时出错")

    def ReadVoltageProcess(self):
        if self.SerialPort.isOpen():
            try:
                data = self.SerialPort.readAll().data().decode('utf-8')
                if data:
                    print(data)
                    self.LineEdit_VoltageRead.clear()
                    self.LineEdit_VoltageRead.setText(data)
                    self.GPDThead.ReceiveVoltage_Stop()
                    self.Thead.quit()
            except Exception as e:
                print(e)
                QMessageBox.critical(self, "错误", "读取电压值时出错")

3、定制功能——电流脉冲

为了精确控制输出对应电流的时间，我们可以在程序上做一个简单的集成：

如上图所示的界面实现代码示例：

    def CurrentPulse_ModeOne(self):
        self.GropuBox_CurrentPulse_ModeOne=QGroupBox('电流脉冲模式一')
        self.FormLayout_CurrentPulse_ModeOne=QFormLayout()

        self.LineEdit_PreheatTime=QLineEdit()
        self.LineEdit_PreheatTime.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
        self.LineEdit_PreheatCurrent=QLineEdit()
        self.LineEdit_PreheatCurrent.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
        self.hbox1 = QHBoxLayout()
        self.hbox1.addWidget(QLabel('预热时间：'))
        self.hbox1.addWidget(self.LineEdit_PreheatTime)
        self.hbox1.addWidget(QLabel('s'))
        self.hbox1.addWidget(QLabel('预热电流：'))
        self.hbox1.addWidget(self.LineEdit_PreheatCurrent)
        self.hbox1.addWidget(QLabel('A'))
        self.FormLayout_CurrentPulse_ModeOne.addRow('',self.hbox1)

        self.LineEdit_RestTime=QLineEdit()
        self.LineEdit_RestTime.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
        self.hbox2 = QHBoxLayout()
        self.hbox2.addWidget(QLabel('休息时间：'))
        self.hbox2.addWidget(self.LineEdit_RestTime)
        self.hbox2.addWidget(QLabel('s'))
        self.FormLayout_CurrentPulse_ModeOne.addRow('',self.hbox2)


        self.LineEdit_WorkTime=QLineEdit()
        self.LineEdit_WorkTime.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
        self.LineEdit_WorkCurrent=QLineEdit()
        self.LineEdit_WorkCurrent.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
        self.hbox3 = QHBoxLayout()
        self.hbox3.addWidget(QLabel('工作时间：'))
        self.hbox3.addWidget(self.LineEdit_WorkTime)
        self.hbox3.addWidget(QLabel('s'))
        self.hbox3.addWidget(QLabel('工作电流：'))
        self.hbox3.addWidget(self.LineEdit_WorkCurrent)
        self.hbox3.addWidget(QLabel('A'))
        self.FormLayout_CurrentPulse_ModeOne.addRow('',self.hbox3)

        self.LineEdit_CircleTime=QLineEdit()
        self.LineEdit_CircleTime.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
       
        self.hbox4 = QHBoxLayout()
        self.hbox4.addWidget(QLabel('循环次数：'))
        self.hbox4.addWidget(self.LineEdit_CircleTime)
        self.FormLayout_CurrentPulse_ModeOne.addRow('',self.hbox4)
        self.ComboBox_ChannelOne=QComboBox()
        self.ComboBox_ChannelOne.addItems(['CH1','CH2'])
       
        self.hbox5 = QHBoxLayout()
        self.hbox5.addWidget(QLabel('通道选择：'))
        self.hbox5.addWidget(self.ComboBox_ChannelOne)
        self.FormLayout_CurrentPulse_ModeOne.addRow('',self.hbox5)

        self.PushButton_CurrentPulse_ModeOne=QPushButton('开始')
        self.PushButton_CurrentPulse_ModeOne.clicked.connect(self.CurrentPulse_ModeOne_Init)
        self.PushButton_CurrentPulse_ModeOne.setCheckable(True)
        self.FormLayout_CurrentPulse_ModeOne.addRow('',self.PushButton_CurrentPulse_ModeOne)
        self.GropuBox_CurrentPulse_ModeOne.setLayout(self.FormLayout_CurrentPulse_ModeOne)
        return self.GropuBox_CurrentPulse_ModeOne

    def CurrentPulse_ModeTwo(self):
        self.GropuBox_CurrentPulse_ModeTwo=QGroupBox('电流脉冲模式二')
        self.FormLayout_CurrentPulse_ModeTwo=QFormLayout()

        self.LineEdit_InitialCurrent=QLineEdit()
        self.LineEdit_InitialCurrent.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
        self.hbox1 = QHBoxLayout()
        self.hbox1.addWidget(QLabel('初始电流：'))
        self.hbox1.addWidget(self.LineEdit_InitialCurrent)
        self.hbox1.addWidget(QLabel('A'))
        self.FormLayout_CurrentPulse_ModeTwo.addRow('',self.hbox1)

        self.LineEdit_HeatRate=QLineEdit()
        self.LineEdit_HeatRate.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
        self.hbox2 = QHBoxLayout()
        self.hbox2.addWidget(QLabel('升温速率：'))
        self.hbox2.addWidget(self.LineEdit_HeatRate)
        self.hbox2.addWidget(QLabel('A/s'))
        self.FormLayout_CurrentPulse_ModeTwo.addRow('',self.hbox2)

        self.LineEdit_EndCurrent=QLineEdit()
        self.LineEdit_EndCurrent.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
        self.hbox3 = QHBoxLayout()
        self.hbox3.addWidget(QLabel('结束电流：'))
        self.hbox3.addWidget(self.LineEdit_EndCurrent)
        self.hbox3.addWidget(QLabel('A'))
        self.FormLayout_CurrentPulse_ModeTwo.addRow('',self.hbox3)

        self.ComboBox_ChannelTwo=QComboBox()
        self.ComboBox_ChannelTwo.addItems(['CH1','CH2'])
        self.PushButton_CurrentPulse_ModeTwo=QPushButton('开始')
        self.PushButton_CurrentPulse_ModeTwo.clicked.connect(self.ModeTwo_Init)
        self.PushButton_CurrentPulse_ModeTwo.setCheckable(True)
        self.hbox4 = QHBoxLayout()
        self.hbox4.addWidget(QLabel('通道选择：'))
        self.hbox4.addWidget(self.ComboBox_ChannelTwo)
        self.hbox4.addWidget(self.PushButton_CurrentPulse_ModeTwo)
        self.FormLayout_CurrentPulse_ModeTwo.addRow('',self.hbox4)
       
        
        self.FormLayout_CurrentPulse_ModeTwo.addRow('',self.PushButton_CurrentPulse_ModeTwo)
        self.GropuBox_CurrentPulse_ModeTwo.setLayout(self.FormLayout_CurrentPulse_ModeTwo)
        return self.GropuBox_CurrentPulse_ModeTwo

对于上图所示功能，我们可以通过一个定时进程定时向串口发送输出电流设置指令实现。

    def ModeTwo_Init(self):
        if self.SerialPort.isOpen() and self.PushButton_CurrentPulse_ModeTwo.isChecked():
            try:
                self.current=float(self.LineEdit_InitialCurrent.text())
                self.Thead.start()
                self.GPDThead.ModeTwo_Start()
                self.GPDThead.ReceiveData_Start()
                self.SerialPort.clear()
                self.PushButton_CurrentPulse_ModeTwo.setText('停止')
                self.PushButton_CurrentPulse_ModeTwo.setStyleSheet("background-color: red; color: black;")
            except Exception as e:
                print(e)
                QMessageBox.critical(self, "错误", "模式二启动失败")
        else:
            self.Thead.quit()
            self.GPDThead.ModeTwo_Stop()
            self.GPDThead.ReceiveData_Stop()
            self.PushButton_CurrentPulse_ModeTwo.setText('开始')
            self.PushButton_CurrentPulse_ModeTwo.setStyleSheet("background-color: white; color: black;")

    def ModeTwo_Send(self):
        try:
            heat_rate = float(self.LineEdit_HeatRate.text())
            end_current = float(self.LineEdit_EndCurrent.text())
            if self.current+heat_rate<end_current:
                self.current+=heat_rate
            else:
                self.current=end_current
            channel_text = self.ComboBox_ChannelTwo.currentText()
            channel_mapping = {"CH1": 1, "CH2": 2}
            channel = channel_mapping[channel_text]
            data = f"ISET{channel}:{self.current}\r\n".encode('utf-8')
            self.SerialPort.write(data)
        except Exception as e:
            print(e)

这里我们给出了电流脉冲模式二的部分代码，模式一的代码也同理。

4、实时输出数据图绘制

在上面的基础上，我们虽然定时发送了输出控制指令，但我们不知道电源的实时输出情况，所以在这里还需要把实时输出情况绘制出来。同时，我们知道可以通过发送查询得知实时输出。于是，在接收到上一个数据后在坐标轴上标点连线，再次发送查询命令，可画出电源实时输出折线图。

class ChartView(QChartView,QChart):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(ChartView, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.resize(800, 600)
        self.setRenderHint(QPainter.Antialiasing)  # 抗锯齿
        self.chart_init()
        #def timer_init(self):
        #使用QTimer，2秒触发一次，更新数据
        #self.timer = QTimer(self)
        #self.timer.timeout.connect(self.drawLine)
        #self.timer.start(2000)
    def chart_init(self):
        self.chart = QChart()
        self.series = QSplineSeries()
        #设置曲线名称
        self.series.setName("实时数据")
        #把曲线添加到QChart的实例中
        self.chart.addSeries(self.series)
        #声明并初始化X轴，Y轴
        self.dtaxisX = QDateTimeAxis()
        self.vlaxisY = QValueAxis()
        #设置坐标轴显示范围
        self.dtaxisX.setMin(QDateTime.currentDateTime().addSecs(-300*1))
        self.dtaxisX.setMax(QDateTime.currentDateTime().addSecs(0))
        self.vlaxisY.setMin(0)
        self.vlaxisY.setMax(10)
        #设置X轴时间样式
        self.dtaxisX.setFormat("MM月dd hh:mm:ss")
        #设置坐标轴上的格点
        self.dtaxisX.setTickCount(6)
        self.vlaxisY.setTickCount(11)
        #设置坐标轴名称
        self.dtaxisX.setTitleText("时间")
        self.vlaxisY.setTitleText("量程")
        #设置网格不显示
        self.vlaxisY.setGridLineVisible(False)
        #把坐标轴添加到chart中
        self.chart.addAxis(self.dtaxisX,Qt.AlignBottom)
        self.chart.addAxis(self.vlaxisY,Qt.AlignLeft)
        #把曲线关联到坐标轴
        self.series.attachAxis(self.dtaxisX)
        self.series.attachAxis(self.vlaxisY)

        self.setChart(self.chart)
    def drawLine(self):
        #获取当前时间
        bjtime = QDateTime.currentDateTime()
        #更新X轴坐标
        self.dtaxisX.setMin(QDateTime.currentDateTime().addSecs(-300*1))
        self.dtaxisX.setMax(QDateTime.currentDateTime().addSecs(0))
        #当曲线上的点超出X轴的范围时，移除最早的点
        if(self.series.count()>149):
            self.series.removePoints(0,self.series.count()-149)
        #产生随即数
        yint = random.randint(0,1500)
        #添加数据到曲线末端
        self.series.append(bjtime.toMSecsSinceEpoch(),yint)

界面图：